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Maintaining Life

Maintaining Life. Movement: includes motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and tiny organelles. Maintaining Life. Responsiveness: the body’s ability to detect and respond to changes in its internal or external environment

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Maintaining Life

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  1. Maintaining Life • Movement: includes motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and tiny organelles

  2. Maintaining Life • Responsiveness: the body’s ability to detect and respond to changes in its internal or external environment • Ex: muscle cells will respond to nerve impulses by contracting which generates movement of body parts • Hand on hot surface

  3. Maintaining Life • Metabolism: all chemical reactions that are happening in the body • Catabolic Reactions- Breakdown products • Anabolic Reactions- Build products • Excretion • solid/metabolic waste

  4. Maintaining Life • Reproduction: the formation of new cells for growth or the production of a new individual • Sexual reproduction- needs two parents, offspring are genetically unique from parents • Asexual reproduction- mitosis

  5. Maintaining Life • Growth: increase in body size (replacing and developing throughout life) • Mitosis- when cells need to undergo growth or repair

  6. Survival Needs(must be available within certain limits-not enough or too much can be deadly) • nutrients • oxygen • water • body temperature • atmospheric pressure

  7. Survival • Homeostasis: body's ability to maintain balance of internal conditions among its systems • Ex: Glucose in blood (0.1%), blood pressure (120/80), body temperature (98.6), pH of blood (7.4) homeo- sameness stasis-still/static any deviation in homeostasis is known as disease

  8. Feedback System • Cycle of events in which the status of a body condition is continually monitored, evaluated, changed, remonitored, reevaluated… so on… • 3 parts to a feedback system • Receptor • Control center • effector

  9. Negative Feedback Loop

  10. Receptor • Body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition and sends information called the input (in the form of a nerve impulse or chemical signal) to a control center • Ex: Camera- this camera records a touchdown pass at the edge of the endzone with less than two minutes left in the quarter. This video gets sent to the booth for review…

  11. Control Center • Body sets the range of values within which a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates the input it receives from its receptors, and generates output (information in the form of nerve impulses or chemical signals, that is relayed from the control center to an effector) commands when needed • Ex: People in Booth- they watch the video the camera recorded and decide if the player was inbounds or out of bounds…

  12. Effector • Body structure that receives output from the control center, produces a response or effect that changes the controlled conditions • Ex: Referee- the ref gets a message from the booth saying whether the player was inbounds or out of bounds resulting in a touchdown or an incomplete pass.

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