The French and Indian War

1. The French and Indian War 1754-1763

3. What Would You Do? • Britain has many more settlers near the Ohio River. • Both countries claim this area. • British settlers have conflicts with the Native population in this area • French = Huron and Algonquin • British = Iroquois

4. Causes • France and Britain fear each other. • Both countries wish to increase their land holdings

5. The Conflict Begins • The French begin to build forts in the area. • George Washington • Leader of a militia • A force made up of civilians trained as soldier but not part of the regular army. “He told me the Country belong’d to them, that no English Man had the right to trade upon them Waters; & that he had Orders to make every Person Prisoner that attempted it on the Ohio or the Waters of it.”

6. Response • Washington returns • Fort Duquesne • Fort Necessity • Conflict

8. The Albany Congress • The British call a meeting in Albany, New York to deal with the threat of war. • Invite the Iroquois • What it does • Organize armies • Collect taxes

9. The Albany Plan Rejected! • Why? • “Weak noodles”?

10. Braddock’s Defeat • Make sure you are taking notes on the provided note sheet!

12. New Leadership • A new prime minster • Borrows money to pay colonial troops • New generals

13. British Victories…finally… • British take Fort Louisbourg (1758) • Battle at Fort Duquesne • The British, with a force of 6000, force the French and their Native allies to retreat. • Renamed Fort Pitt (Now Pittsburg) • The Iroquois side with the British

14. The Battle of Quebec • Led by James Wolfe • Leads his forces up a mountain path at night to prepare an attack • Defeats Montcalm’s forces • Both men die

15. Effects of the French and Indian War • France agrees to sign the Treaty of Paris (Feb. 10, 1763) • France looses almost all of it’s land holdings in North America. • Britain get Spanish Florida

16. Do Now • How do you think the British felt about the French and Indian War? • The Colonists? • The Natives?

17. Pontiac’s War • Be prepared to discuss the video once it is over!

19. Discussion Questions • Why did Pontiac decide to take matters into his own hands? • Do you think Pontiac’s actions were brave or ill advised? • What would you if you were the King to stop these conflicts from happening?

20. Proclamation of 1763 • Banned colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. • This is done for several reasons: • To avoid more conflicts with Natives • To protect the fur trade • To keep expansion in the hands of Britain • Britain stations 10,000 troops along the frontier. (Costs 250,000 pounds/year)

22. Colonists’ Reaction • How would you react?