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The French and Indian War

The French and Indian War. British / French Rivalry. Britain, France (& Spain) fought to be world’s strongest empire Mercantilist economics Wars of conquest. British / French Rivalry. King William’s War (1689-1697) Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) King George's War (1743-1748)

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The French and Indian War

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  1. The French andIndian War

  2. British / French Rivalry • Britain, France (& Spain) fought to be world’s strongest empire • Mercantilist economics • Wars of conquest

  3. British / French Rivalry • King William’s War (1689-1697) • Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) • King George's War (1743-1748) • Both sides used natives • Treaties traded lands several times

  4. Great Expulsion • King William’s War (1689-1697) • Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) • King George's War (1743-1748) • Both sides used natives • Treaties traded lands several times

  5. Great Expulsion • Brits took E Canada (1755) • French called it Acadie • Expelled French settlers • Many moved to LA • Acadians  Cajuns

  6. French Colonies in America • French claimed Mississippi River and all tributaries • British expansion to Ohio River • Territory skirmishes

  7. The 1st battle – 1754 • French Ft. Duquesne on land VA had claimed • VA sent troops to defend claims • 22 y/o Col. George Washington • They fought, French won

  8. The 2nd battle – 1755 • Brit Gen Braddock attacked Ft. Duquesne • French & Natives ambushed, British ran away, Braddock KIA

  9. Fighting methods • Natives & French: • Guerilla fighting • British trouble • Difference from Europe

  10. Albany Plan of Union • Benjamin Franklin • Northern 7 colonies • Unified colonial “grand council”

  11. Albany Plan of Union • Rejected by colonies • Rejected by British

  12. Albany Plan of Union • Franklin – colonial cooperation • Encouraged by British • 7 colonies • One • Recruiting troops, taxing for war

  13. William Pitt • New UK PM • Strong leader • Brits captured: • Ft. Duquesne • Nova Scotia • Quebec • Montreal • Drove out French

  14. Treaty of Paris 1763 • GB got from France & Spain: • Canada • All land E of Mississippi R • Florida

  15. Treaty of Paris 1763 • GB: religious freedom for Canadian Catholics • Stop possible revolts • Angered anti-Cat colonists

  16. Pontiac’s Rebellion • Brits went W, no gifts for native land • Ohio Valley tribes – Pontiac leader • Defeated by Brit regulars / not colonies

  17. Proclamation of 1763 • Avoid further battles with natives • Settlement west of Appalachians banned • Colonists denied spoils of war

  18. Postwar perceptions - Brits • Naval superiority & power in N Am • Colonists can’t defend themselves • Must station troops permanently • Too costly – colonies should pay

  19. Postwar perceptions - Colonies • Proud of success • Result of colonial contributions • Brit regulars can’t fight in frontier

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