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Decision-making and Motor Behavior

Decision-making and Motor Behavior. Input. Central Processing. Output. Welford’s (1976) Hypothetical Model of Information Processing. From: Welford, A.T. (1976) Skilled Performance: Perceptual and Motor Skills . Scott, Foresman and Company: Palo Alto, CA. What is the decision process?.

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Decision-making and Motor Behavior

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  1. Decision-making and Motor Behavior

  2. Input Central Processing Output

  3. Welford’s (1976) Hypothetical Model of Information Processing From: Welford, A.T. (1976) Skilled Performance: Perceptual and Motor Skills. Scott, Foresman and Company: Palo Alto, CA.

  4. What is the decision process? • In the decision process performers develop a plan or strategy for the movement.

  5. What does reaction time measure? • Afferent flow of information • Processing of information by the brain • Efferent flow of information

  6. Fractionated Reaction Time • Premotor Reaction Time • Motor Reaction Time • Total Reaction Time

  7. From Magill, R.A. (2007). Motor Learning and Control: Concepts and Applications (8th ed.). McGraw Hill: New York, pp 183.

  8. Reaction time= Premotor RT + Motor RT

  9. Define • Simple Reaction Time • Choice Reaction Time

  10. Memory Drum Theory • Franklin Henry provided the Memory Drum Theory • Fischman, Christina, and Anson • Klapp • Hide’s thesis

  11. What is information and how is information measured? • Limited capacity of the decision process • Single channel processing • Bottleneck in the system

  12. Uncertainty • Number of possible alternatives (CRT) • Number of stimuli • Vary the probability of occurrence • Sequential dependencies • Predictability • Temporal uncertainty • Spatial uncertainty • Event uncertainty • Perceptual uncertainty

  13. BITS • BITS measures the complexity and uncertainty of information • Calculation of BITS

  14. Perceptual Discrimination • Just Noticeable Difference • Being able to detect differences in stimuli if they in fact exist http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/04/magazine/04Rivera-t.html?_r=1

  15. Psychological Refractory Period (The Fake) • The psychological refractory period is created when two signals are presented in succession • It’s the time it takes to respond to a fake and realize it is a fake when the real move is recognized and the performer has to initiate a new response

  16. From Magill, R.A. (2007). Motor Learning and Control: Concepts and Applications (8th ed.). McGraw Hill: New York.

  17. Facts about the Psychological Refractory Period • RT to the first signal is the same as when stimulus 1 is presented alone • RT to the second signal is almost always longer • If the interstimulus interval (ISI) is less than 100 msec sometimes the performer responds to only one signal • Practice will not improve the psychological refractory period • The psychological refractory period can be eliminated if the performer knows where stimulus 2 will occur • The psychological refractory period is a central phenomenon. It is not sensory or motor.

  18. Activity Groups • Temporal Uncertainty • Event Uncertainty • Perceptual Uncertainty • Spatial Uncertainty • Define the concept and provide a minimum of 3 examples of movement exemplars of these ideas

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