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Vertebrate Taxonomy

Vertebrate Taxonomy. Phylum Chordata. Several classes of fish Jawless fishes Sharks and rays Bony fish Class Amphibia (frogs, toads, salamanders) Class Testudines (turtles, tortoises) Class Lepidosauromorpha (snakes, lizards) Class Crocodilia (alligators, crocodiles)

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Vertebrate Taxonomy

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  1. Vertebrate Taxonomy

  2. Phylum Chordata • Several classes of fish • Jawless fishes • Sharks and rays • Bony fish • Class Amphibia (frogs, toads, salamanders) • Class Testudines (turtles, tortoises) • Class Lepidosauromorpha (snakes, lizards) • Class Crocodilia (alligators, crocodiles) • Class Aves (birds) • Class Mammalia (mammals)

  3. Two stage life cycle Aquatic larvae Terrestrial adult Respiratory structures Gills (larvae) Lungs (adult) Skin Mucous and poison skin glands Three-chambered heart Ectothermic Egg-layers Must lay eggs in or near water Major groups Gymnophiona Caecilians Caudata Salamanders Anura Frogs and toads Class Amphibia

  4. Shelled amniotic egg Skin hard and brittle Many have bony plates under scales Three-chambered heart Ectothermic Major groups Turtles Crocodilians Tuatara Lizards Snakes Reptiles

  5. Feathers Temperature regulation Flight Bill  toothless mandibles covered with horny sheath Endothermic Four-chambered heart Eggs with great parental investment Adaptations for flight Feathers Fused bones of pelvis, feet, hands and head Furcula Hollow bones Highly efficient respiratory and circulatory systems Musculature of chest Birds

  6. Class Aves • Many orders of birds • Columbiformes: doves and pigeons • Falconiformes: diurnal birds of prey • Apodiformes: hummingbirds • Gruiformes: cranes and rails • Piciformes: woodpeckers • Strigiformes: owls • Anseriformes: ducks and geese • Galliformes: chickens and turkeys • Passeriformes: perching birds

  7. Hair Endothermic Four-chambered heart Large brain Dentition Teeth specialized Incisors, canines, premolars, molars Reproduction Mammary glands Most mammmals viviparous Development of young within the mother Pouch (Metatherians) Placenta (Eutherians) Mammals

  8. Many orders of mammals Rodentia: rodents Chiroptera: bats Insectivora: shrews and moles Carnivora: cats, dogs, bears, weasels, raccoons Lagomorpha: rabbits Artiodactyla: ungulates Primates Didelphimorphia: American marsupials Class Mammalia

  9. Herp Traps • Pitfall traps • Useful for catching terrestrial arthropods and small mammals • Usually include drift fence to increase capture rate

  10. Mist Nets

  11. Mammal Traps Tomahawk traps Sherman traps “Noose” traps Leg-hold traps Snap traps

  12. Noninvasive Techniques Scent Stations Bat Detectors Trailmaster Cameras Observation Tracking Stations

  13. Unknown songbird

  14. Unknown duck

  15. Unknown small mammal skin

  16. Unknown large mammal skin and skull

  17. Unknown Herp #1

  18. Unknown Herp #2

  19. Unknown Herp #3

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