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French Rev & Napoleon

French Rev & Napoleon. In 1799, Napoleon staged a coup d’etat (overthrow) of the republic & had himself named dictator. Napoleon’s control of France was supposed to be a short-term fix to restore order, BUT…. Napoleon Controlled France.

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French Rev & Napoleon

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  1. French Rev & Napoleon

  2. In 1799, Napoleon staged a coup d’etat (overthrow) of the republic & had himself named dictator Napoleon’s control of France was supposed to be a short-term fix to restore order, BUT…

  3. Napoleon Controlled France • Desperate for strong leadership, French citizens allowed Napoleon to have as much power as he wanted, so he made himself emperor in 1804 The philosophes of the Enlightenment were outraged (this is absolutism!); but the people supported Napoleon

  4. By 1810, Napoleon had created the largest European empire since the Romans!

  5. End of Napoleon’s Empire • By 1812, the only countries Napoleon did not control were England, Sweden & Russia • When Russia violated the Continental System & bought grain from England, Napoleon attacked

  6. Napoleon’s Retreat from Russia Napoleon arrived in Russia with 614,000 French troops but returned with only 40,000

  7. End of Napoleon’s Empire • Napoleon was exiled to Elba (an island near Italy); France brought back the Bourbon king Louis XVIII • But…Napoleon returned & created a new army to lead France; BUT…

  8. End of Napoleon’s Empire • The Sixth Coalition of European powers defeated him at Waterloo in 1815 & ended Napoleon’s reign • Napoleon was exiled to the South Atlantic where he died in 1821 (of stomach cancer or poison?)

  9. Imperialism

  10. 1800-1914—the Age of Imperialism • Imperialism—one country’s domination over another country to control all aspects of life (political, economic, social); forming an Empire • 3 reasons for Imperialism: • CC—Competing Countries • M&M—Markets & Materials • R&R—Religion & Racism

  11. World War I

  12. The Powder Keg in the Balkans • By 1914, Europe was in bad situation: countries had large armies & felt glory cold be gained by winning war (militarism), were competitive after years of imperialism & rise of nationalism, had large alliances that might pull all countries into war • After years of fighting for new territory, great tension in Balkans

  13. The War Begins • June 28, 1914—Assassination of Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand (& wife Sophie) • July 23, Austria-Hungary issued ultimatum to Serbia: allow Austria- Hungarian officials to investigate the assassination OR go to war

  14. Weapons of the Great War • Trench warfare—ditches build to offer protection from enemy • New weapons: Machine guns, flame throwers, tanks, airplanes, blimps, barbed wire, poison gas, heavy artillery, submarines (u-boats)

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