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Pearl Harbor

Pearl Harbor. Chapter 24, Section 4. The United States Chooses Neutrality. FDR was more concerned with domestic affairs than international affairs on the eve of World War II Congress passed the Neutrality Acts

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Pearl Harbor

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  1. Pearl Harbor Chapter 24, Section 4

  2. The United States Chooses Neutrality • FDR was more concerned with domestic affairs than international affairs on the eve of World War II • Congress passed the Neutrality Acts • These prevented the US from selling arms even to nations that were trying to defend themselves from aggression • FDR didn’t agree with the Acts

  3. American Involvement Grows • FDR looked for ways to send aid to the Allies • We now could lend weapons to Britain and France, but not money • US gets more involved once France falls • America First Committee forms in response to increase US involvement in the war • “Your boys are not going to be sent into any foreign wars.” – FDR, 1940

  4. Lend-Lease • FDR wins third election • Britain is reaching bankruptcy and Prime Minister Churchill looks to the US for help • Lend-Lease Act is passed – “If your neighbor’s house is on fire, you don’t sell him a hose. You lend it to him and take it back after the fire is out.” – FDR • By the end of the war, the US had loaned or given away more than $49 billion worth of aid to some 40 nations!!!

  5. Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor • FDR began limiting what Japan could buy from the US – placed a trade embargo on Japan • He ended the sale of scrap iron and steel • He froze Japanese financial assets in the US • He cut off all oil shipments • All of this was to stop Japan’s expansion in the Pacific, but war seemed inevitable

  6. Final Weeks of Peace • General Tojo Hideki became prime minister of Japan and supported a war against the US • US code breakers knew an attack was coming from Japan, but they didn’t know when or where • Pearl Harbor on the Hawaiian island of Oahu was the target and served as the home of the US Pacific Fleet • Japan wanted to cripple the American fleet and conquer Asia before the US could rebuild its fleet and fight back

  7. The Attack • “A date which will live in infamy.” • December 7, 1941 • Half of the US Pacific Fleet was anchored at Pearl Harbor • In less than 2 hours, 2400 Americans were killed and 1200 wounded. • About 200 American warplanes were damaged or destroyed; 18 warships had been sunk or damaged, including 8 of the fleets’ 9 battleships • Japan lost only 29 planes

  8. US Declares War • FDR asks Congress to pass a war resolution against Japan • Unanimous vote • Germany and Italy declare war on the US • WWII for the US officially begins

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