Animal Notes

1. Animal Notes Chapter 14

2. Animal Kingdom • Animals are the kingdom of multicellulareukaryotes that consume or eat their food. • Animals are divided into 2 main groups • Those with back bones vertebrates • those without back bones invertebrates • Most animals carry out sexual reproduction. They make sex cells (sperm and eggs) When eggs and sperm meet, it is called fertilization.

3. Animal Behavior • Innate behavior – behavior that is not learned. It is influenced by genes. (ex. Breathing) • Learned behavior – behavior that has been learned from experience and/or observations. • Seasonal behavior – behavior is an animal’s response to weather. • Some animals travel from one place to another called migration. • Some animals experience a decrease in body temperatures in the winter called hibernation. • Some animals experience a decrease in activity in a summer called estivation.

4. Animals follow natural rhythyms • The internal control of an animal’s natural cycle is called a biological clock. • The biological clock can control the animal’s daily cycles, which are called it’s circadian rhythms.

5. Animals can be social • Animals interact with those of the same species called social behavior. • Animals can send signals and respond to one another called communication. • Some animals communicate by chemicals called pheromones. • Some animals can also communicate by making noise or using movement called body language.

6. There are three types of body plans • If an animal’s body can be divided into 2 equal halves, or mirror images, the symmetry is bilateral. • If an animal’s body parts are arranged in a circle around a center point, the symmetry is radial. • If an animal’s body cannot be divided equally at all, the symmetry is asymmetrical.