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NS-3 를 이용한 Proxy Mobile IPv6  Simulation

NS-3 를 이용한 Proxy Mobile IPv6  Simulation. 한국기술교육대학교 컴퓨터공학부 한연희 교수 yhhan@kut.ac.kr 고려대학교 컴퓨터학과 최현영 neongas@korea.ac.kr. NS-2 를 이용한 최신 네트워크 시뮬레이션 단기강좌. NS-3 & PMIPv6 Introduction. NS3 Introduction. What is NS3? ns-3 is a discrete-event network simulator for Internet systems

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NS-3 를 이용한 Proxy Mobile IPv6  Simulation

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  1. NS-3를 이용한Proxy Mobile IPv6  Simulation 한국기술교육대학교 컴퓨터공학부 한연희 교수 yhhan@kut.ac.kr 고려대학교 컴퓨터학과 최현영 neongas@korea.ac.kr NS-2를 이용한 최신 네트워크 시뮬레이션 단기강좌

  2. NS-3 & PMIPv6 Introduction

  3. NS3 Introduction • What is NS3? • ns-3 is a discrete-event network simulator for Internet systems • intended to eventually replace the ns-2 simulator • not backwards-compatible with ns-2 • a free, open source software project organized around research community development and maintenance • Main Groups • Univ. of Washington, Georgia Tech., Bucknell University • Financial Support • U.S. National Science Foundation & INRIA

  4. NS3 Introduction • Architecture • ns-2 • simulator core: c++ and Otcl • script: Otcl • ns-3 • simulator core: c++ • script: c++ • bindings with Python, but can run ns-3 without any knowledge of Python • ns-3 is not an extension of ns-2

  5. NS3 Introduction • Current Release • ns-3.9 (August 20, 2010) • Monthly download count of ns-3 releases

  6. NS3 Introduction • Progress Report (1/2)

  7. NS3 Introduction • Progress Report (2/2) • ns3-3.9 (August 20, 2010) • Spectrum Modeling • OFDM • Underwater Acoustic Network • WiFi patches for bugs, etc. • See the page: http://www.nsnam.org/wiki/index.php/Ns-3.9 • ns3-3.10 (Current On-going Activity) • Initial support for the 802.11g PHY • Consolidate Wi-Fi MAC high functionality • Energy model WiFi additions • LTE support, etc. • See the page: http://www.nsnam.org/wiki/index.php/Ns-3.10

  8. NS3 Introduction • Features • Alignment with real systems • sockets, device driver interfaces) • conforms to standard input/output formats so that other tools can be reused. • e.g., pcap trace output • ns-3 is adding support for running implementation code • e.g., Linux TCP code • P2P link, shared link with CSMA. • Routing, ARP • A node can be equipped with multiple network interfaces. • Support (nearly) complete IPv6 • Can run real implementation of applications. • Wireless • WiFi • WiMAX • UMTS (PPP)

  9. NS3 Introduction • Still use ns-2 or move to ns-3? • ns-3 does not have all of the models that ns-2 currently has. • ns-3 does have new capabilities such as handling multiple interfaces, use of IP addressing, more detailed 802.11 models. • Well-documented • extensively documented API (doxygen):

  10. virtual machine virtual machine NS3 Introduction • Network Emulation real machine ns-3 ns-3 real machine real machine ns-3 Testbed 1) ns-3 interconnects virtual machines 2) testbeds interconnect ns-3 stacks Added in ns-3.3 Added in ns-3.5

  11. NS3 Introduction • LOG: PCAP Trace File 1

  12. NS3 Introduction • LOG: PCAP Trace File 2

  13. Proxy Mobile IPv6 [IETF RFC 5213, August 2008] LMA: Localized Mobility AgentMAG: Mobile Access Gateway IP Tunnel IP-in-IP tunnel between LMA and MAG LMA Home Network MN’s Home Network (Topological Anchor Point) MAG LMA Address (LMAA) That will be the tunnel entry-point LMM (Localized Mobility Management)Domain MAG movement Proxy Binding Update/Ack. (PBU/PBA) Control messages exchanged by MAG to LMA to establish a binding between MN-HoA and Proxy-CoA MN’s Home Network Prefix (MN-HNP) CAFE:2:/64 MN’ Home Address (MN-HoA) MN continues to use it as long as it roams within a same domain Proxy Care of Address (Proxy-CoA) The address of MAG That will be the tunnel end-point

  14. PMIPv6 Features • No Change to Host Stack • IP Mobility handled by the network, and transparent to the host • Any MN is just a IPv6 host • Home in Any Place • MAG sends the RA (Router Advertisement) messages advertising MN’s home network prefix and other parameters • MAG will emulate the home link on its access link. • RA Unicast • RA should be UNICASTed to an MN • It will contain MN’s Home Network Prefix • Per-MN Prefix • M:1 Tunnel • LMA-MAG tunnel is a shared tunnel among many MNs. • One tunnel is associated to multiple MNs’ Binding Caches. • IPv4 Support • RFC 5844 (May 2010)

  15. PMIPv6 Operation Flow PBU: Proxy Binding UpdatePBA: Proxy Binding Ack. • RA*: MN의 Prefix를 Policy Store에서 수신한 경우의 Router Advertisement • RA**: MN의 Prefix를 LMA에서 수신한 경우의 Router Advertisement MN MAG AAA&Policy Store LMA CN MN Attachment AAA Query with MN-ID AAA Reply with Profile PBU with MN-ID, Home Network Prefix option (all zero), Timestamp option PBA with MN-ID, Home Network Prefix option Router Advertisement(Home Network Prefix) Tunnel Setup Optional DHCP Server DHCP Request DHCP Request DHCP Response DHCP Response [MN-HoA:CN](data) [Proxy-CoA:LMAA][MN-HoA:CN](data) [MN-HoA:CN](data)

  16. Flow Mobility in PMIPv6 • Scenario 1: Setting up Mobility Sessions on Demand • Create additional mobility sessions on demand • e.g., additional connection for a particular service • A new mobility session with a new prefix is created LMA LMA Mobile IPTVflow Mobile IPTVflow PBU PBU 다른 인터페이스의 스위치를 올려서 단순하게 접속만 시도플로우 이동은 없음 MAG MAG MAG MAG VoIPflow VoIPflow WiMax 3G WiMax 3G HTTPflow WiBro 3G WiBro 3G 단말 단말

  17. Flow Mobility in PMIPv6 • Scenario 2: Flow Mobility • If another access is enabled on the MN, some of the existing flows could be moved over, to achieve, e.g., load balancing and better user experience LMA LMA Mobile IPTVflow Mobile IPTVflow 새로운 인터페이스로 한 개의 세션을 이동 PBU PBU MAG MAG MAG MAG VoIPflow VoIPflow WiMax 3G WiMax 3G WiBro 3G WiBro 3G 단말 단말

  18. IETF Core Standards for Mobility Management [관련 WG: MEXT, MIPSHOP, NETEXT- 2010년 10월 현재] Host-based IP Mobility Network-basedIP Mobility Mobility Support in IPv6 [RFC 3775, June 2004] Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 [RFC 4140, Aug. 2005] Mobile IPv6 Support for Dual Stack Hosts and Routers [RFC 5555, June 2009] Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 [RFC 4068, July 2005] Multiple Care-of Addresses Registration [RFC 5648, Oct. 2009] Flow Bindings in Mobile IPv6 and NEMO Basic Support [draft-ietf-mext-flow-binding-11] Traffic Selectors for Flow Binding [draft-ietf-mext-binary-ts-05] Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC 5213, Aug. 2008] IPv4 Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC 5844, May 2010] Fast Handovers for Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC 5949, Sept. 2010] Multiple Care-of Addresses Registration & Flow Bindings in Proxy Mobile IPv6 [draft-trung-netext-flow-mobility-support-01 & draft-bernardos-netext-pmipv6-flowmob-01] Horizontal Handover A handover is initiated when mobile device exits the boundaries of an administrative domain. Single interface is used. Vertical Handover A mobile device does need to move in order to initiate a handover. Multiple interfaces are required, but use one interface at a time. Complexity Level Multiple Interface Management Simultaneous use of multiple interfaces and access networks. Association of an application with an interface Multiple Flow Management Ability to split individual flows between links with respect to the requirements of the flows and the user preferences

  19. NS3 Tutorial Scenario & Codes

  20. Tutorial Scenario • Simulation Topology • Simulation Scenario • Ping(UDP) from n4 to n0

  21. Tutorial Scenario • Simulation Script • Create nodes • Attach devices int nCsma=3; NodeContainer p2pNodes; p2pNodes.Create (2); NodeContainer csmaNodes; csmaNodes.Add (p2pNodes.Get (1)); csmaNodes.Create (nCsma); PointToPointHelper pointToPoint; pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps")); pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms")); NetDeviceContainer p2pDevices; p2pDevices = pointToPoint.Install (p2pNodes); CsmaHelper csma; csma.SetChannelAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("100Mbps")); csma.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", TimeValue (NanoSeconds (6560))); NetDeviceContainer csmaDevices; csmaDevices = csma.Install (csmaNodes);

  22. Tutorial Scenario • Install IPv4/IPv6 network stack • Assign IP address InternetStackHelper stack; stack.Install (p2pNodes.Get (0)); stack.Install (csmaNodes); Ipv4AddressHelper address; address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0"); Ipv4InterfaceContainer p2pInterfaces; p2pInterfaces = address.Assign (p2pDevices); address.SetBase ("10.1.2.0", "255.255.255.0"); Ipv4InterfaceContainer csmaInterfaces; csmaInterfaces = address.Assign (csmaDevices);

  23. Tutorial Scenario • Install UDP Echo server/client application • Setup trace • Start simulation UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9); ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (csmaNodes.Get (nCsma)); serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0)); serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0)); UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (csmaInterfaces.GetAddress (nCsma), 9); echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (1)); echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.))); echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (1024)); ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (p2pNodes.Get (0)); clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0)); clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0)); pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll ("second"); csma.EnablePcap ("second", csmaDevices.Get (1), true); Simulator::Run (); Simulator::Destroy ();

  24. Tutorial Scenario • PCAP trace

  25. PMIPv6 Implementation in NS-3

  26. PMIPv6 Implementation • Overview • Based-on NS-3 3.8 • Implements some part of Mobile IPv6 • Mobility header, BU/BA handler • Designed for easy porting to newer version of NS-3 • Link-layer support: Wifi only MIPv6 functionality PMIPv6 IPv6

  27. Class Diagramfor PMIPv6

  28. Major Classes • Tunneling • TunnelNetDevice – IPv6-in-IPv6 creator (Encapsulator) • Ipv6TunnelL4Protocol – IPv6-in-IPv6 handler (Decapsulator) • Routing • Ipv6StaticSourceRouting – Source address based routing • Mobility header process • Ipv6MobilityL4Protocol – Mobility header handler • Ipv6MobilityDemux • Ipv6MobilityBindingUpdate – BU handler • Ipv6MobilityBindingAck – BA handler • PMIPv6 agent • Pmipv6Mag/ Pmipv6Lma – PBU/PBA processing • BindingUpdateList/BindingCache – Store binding information • Helper • MagHelper/ LmaHelper – Create and aggregate objects • Application • UnicastRadvd – Mac Unicast of RA in Wifi network

  29. Header Classes

  30. Header Classes • Important functions in Header class • Serialize() • Compose packet data from member variables • Deserialize() • Fill the variables in the class from the packet data • GetSerializedSize() • Get total bytes of packetized data • Print() • Print each field of header (used for ASCII-based trace)

  31. Header Classes • Header implementation example class Ipv6MobilityHeader : public Header { private: uint8_t m_payload_proto; uint8_t m_header_len; uint8_t m_mh_type; uint8_t m_reserved; uint16_t m_checksum; }; void Ipv6MobilityHeader::Print (std::ostream& os) const { os << "( payload_proto = " << (uint32_t)GetPayloadProto() << " header_len = " << (uint32_t)GetHeaderLen() << " mh_type = " << (uint32_t)GetMhType() << " checksum = " << (uint32_t)GetChecksum() <<")"; } uint32_t Ipv6MobilityHeader::GetSerializedSize () const { return 6; } uint32_t Ipv6MobilityHeader::Deserialize (Buffer::Iterator start) { Buffer::Iterator i = start; m_payload_proto = i.ReadU8(); m_header_len = i.ReadU8(); m_mh_type = i.ReadU8(); m_reserved = i.ReadU8(); m_checksum = i.ReadNtohU16(); return GetSerializedSize (); } void Ipv6MobilityHeader::Serialize (Buffer::Iterator start) const { Buffer::Iterator i = start; i.WriteU8 (m_payload_proto); i.WriteU8 (m_header_len); i.WriteU8 (m_mh_type); i.WriteU8 (m_reserved); i.WriteU16 (0); }

  32. BUL&BCache

  33. Binding Update Process

  34. Binding Update Process • (1) – MN attachment event trigger • Create binding update list • (2) – Sending PBU • (3)~(5) – IPv6 packet transmission among nodes • Packet(PBU) will be arrived at the LMA • (6) – Received by mobility header handler • (7)~(9) – Demultiplexing mobility header based on Mhtype field in the packet • (10) – Received by PBU handler • Create or update binding cache • Setup tunneling and routing

  35. Binding Update Process • (11) – Sending PBA • (12)~(14) – IPv6 packet transmission among nodes • Packet(PBA) will be arrived at the MAG • (15) – Received by mobility header handler • (16) –(18) – Demultiplexing • (19) – Received by PBA handler • Update binding update list • setup tunneling and routing

  36. Data Process

  37. Data Process • (1)~(2) – IPv6 packet arrival • Data packet from source node, either CN or MN • (3)~(4) – Incoming packet process in IPv6 • Query to routing module • (3)’~(4)’ – Subsequent routing query (default) • (3)”~(4)” – Source based routing query only in MAG • Source based routing is higher priority than static routing • (5) – Forwarding the packet to the MAG via tunnel device • IPv6-in-IPv6 Encapsulation performed

  38. Data Process • (6) – Sending encapsulated packet • (7)~(9) – IPv6 packet transmission among nodes • (10)~(11) – Incoming packet process in IPv6 • Query to routing module • (12) – Received by IPv6-in-IPv6 packet handler • Decapsulation performed • (13) – Sending decapsulated packet • (14) – Sending Data Packet to the destination node, either CN or MN

  39. Helpers • MagHelper • Function • Install(node) • Create PMIPv6 related objects and aggregate into Node • Register callback for MN attachment trigger to WifiMac in node • Install(node, addr, Ptr<Node> ap_node) • Create PMIPv6 related objects and aggregate into Node • Register callback for MN attachment trigger to WifiMac in ap_node • SetProfileHelper(Pmip6ProfileHelper) • Set profile helper

  40. Helpers • LmaHelper • Function • Install(node) • Create PMIPv6 related objects and aggregate into Node • SetProfileHelper(Pmip6ProfileHelper) • Set profile helper • SetPrefixPoolBase(prefix, prefix_len) • Set Prefix Pool information • Pmip6ProfileHelper • Manage each MN’s profile information • Function • AddProfile(MN_ID, LL_ID, LMAA, Prefixes) • Add profile for an MN

  41. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario

  42. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario • Setup mobility MobilityHelper mobility; Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> positionAlloc = CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator> (); positionAlloc->Add (Vector (-100.0, 0.0, 0.0)); //MAG1AP positionAlloc->Add (Vector (100.0, 0.0, 0.0)); //MAG2AP mobility.SetPositionAllocator (positionAlloc); mobility.SetMobilityModel ("ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel"); mobility.Install (aps); Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> staPositionAlloc = CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator> (); staPositionAlloc->Add (Vector (-100.0, 100.0, 0.0)); //STA mobility.SetPositionAllocator (staPositionAlloc); mobility.SetMobilityModel ("ns3::ConstantVelocityMobilityModel"); mobility.Install(sta); Ptr<ConstantVelocityMobilityModel> cvm = sta.Get(0)->GetObject<ConstantVelocityMobilityModel>(); cvm->SetVelocity(Vector (20.0, 0, 0)); //move to left to right 20.0m/s

  43. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario • Setup Wifi Ssid ssid = Ssid("MAG"); YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default (); wifiPhy.SetPcapDataLinkType (YansWifiPhyHelper::DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO); WifiHelper wifi = WifiHelper::Default (); NqosWifiMacHelper wifiMac = NqosWifiMacHelper::Default (); YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default (); wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ()); wifiMac.SetType ("ns3::NqapWifiMac", "Ssid", SsidValue (ssid), "BeaconGeneration", BooleanValue (true), "BeaconInterval", TimeValue (MilliSeconds(100))); mag1ApDev = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, mag1Net.Get(1)); //WLAN interface wifiMac.SetType ("ns3::NqstaWifiMac", "Ssid", SsidValue (ssid), "ActiveProbing", BooleanValue (false)); staDevs.Add( wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, sta));

  44. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario • Setup PMIPv6 //attach PMIPv6 agents Pmip6ProfileHelper *profile = new Pmip6ProfileHelper(); //adding profile for each station profile->AddProfile(Identifier("pmip1@example.com"), Identifier(Mac48Address::ConvertFrom(staDevs.Get(0)->GetAddress())), backboneIfs.GetAddress(0, 1), std::list<Ipv6Address>()); Pmip6LmaHelper lmahelper; lmahelper.SetPrefixPoolBase(Ipv6Address("3ffe:1:4::"), 48); lmahelper.SetProfileHelper(profile); lmahelper.Install(lma.Get(0)); Pmip6MagHelper maghelper; maghelper.SetProfileHelper(profile); maghelper.Install (mags.Get(0), mag1Ifs.GetAddress(0, 0), aps.Get(0)); maghelper.Install (mags.Get(1), mag2Ifs.GetAddress(0, 0), aps.Get(1));

  45. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario • Setup traffic Udp6ServerHelper udpServer(6000); ApplicationContainer apps = udpServer.Install (sta.Get (0)); apps.Start (Seconds (1.0)); apps.Stop (Seconds (10.0)); uint32_t packetSize = 1024; uint32_t maxPacketCount = 0xffffffff; Time interPacketInterval = MilliSeconds(10); Udp6ClientHelper udpClient(Ipv6Address("3ffe:1:4:1:200:ff:fe00:c"), 6000); udpClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (interPacketInterval)); udpClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (packetSize)); udpClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (maxPacketCount)); apps = udpClient.Install (cn.Get (0)); apps.Start (Seconds (1.5)); apps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

  46. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario • PBU Trace in the LMA

  47. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario • Trace for Handover in the MN

  48. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario • Tunneling Trace in the LMA

  49. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario • Tunneling Trace in the LMA

  50. PMIPv6 Simulation Scenario

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