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Personal Protective Equipment PPE

Personal Protective Equipment PPE. SUBPART. PPE. E. 1. Training Objectives. After completing this unit, you will be able to: Recognize hazards and understand controls, including Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Understand PPE & the standards it must meet.

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Personal Protective Equipment PPE

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  1. Personal Protective Equipment PPE

  2. SUBPART PPE E 1 Training Objectives • After completing this unit, you will be able to: • Recognize hazards and understand controls, including Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). • Understand PPE & the standards it must meet. • Identify requirements for a respirator program and its components. • Define air-purifying & supplied-air respirators. • Perform negative & positive respirator fit checks.

  3. SUBPART PPE E 2 References • 29 CFR 1926.95-107; Subpart E, PPE • American National Standards Institute (ANSI) (Various) • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); Respirator Approval. • Mine Safety and Heath Administration (MSHA); Respirator Approval.

  4. SUBPART PPE E 3 The Hazards of Construction • The tools, materials, and processes of construction create hazards. • Those can affect your safety or health. • Hazards can hurt you if they are not eliminated or controlled. • Your employer must eliminate or control the hazards you are exposed to!

  5. Safety-Related Electrocution Falls Falling objects Flying objects Lifting Hot objects Crushing Health-Related Noise Chemical Vapors Gases Lack of oxygen Asbestos dust Vibration SUBPART PPE E 4 Construction Hazards

  6. SUBPART PPE E 5 How Hazardous is Construction? • There are more lost-time injuries in construction than in any other industry. • Each year, one in seven workers will miss work because of an injury (most will not be wearing safety gear). • Nearly one in five construction deaths are because of exposure to harmful chemicals.

  7. SUBPART PPE E 7 Why is PPE Often the Choice? • Construction work is full of hazards. • Safer methods or products don’t exist. • Engineering or administrative controls may not be practical. • PPE is the last line of defense, but common in construction.

  8. Most Common Head Protection Foot and Leg Hearing Eye and Face Respiratory Torso Protection Other Types Reflective clothes Life vests Safety nets Lifelines Safety harnesses Lanyards SUBPART PPE E 8 Types of Personal Protective Equipment

  9. SUBPART PPE E 9 Who Approves PPE? • OSHA does not approve PPE. • OSHA-acceptable PPE will be approved by one of the following agencies: • NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health). • ANSI (American National Standards Institute). • MSHA (Mine Safety & Health Administration).

  10. SUBPART PPE E 10 Protecting Your Head • Each year construction workers have thousands of head injuries. • Hard hats are required in areas where injury from impact, falling objects, or from flying objects is possible. • Hard hats must meet ANSI Z89.1(1969). • Hard hats should be inspected often. • Don’t paint, cover with stickers or wear backwards.

  11. SUBPART PPE E 11 Use PPE As Intended What does the manufacturer say?

  12. SUBPART PPE E 12 Types of Hard Hats • Class A: General service • Most construction workers wear this type. • Class B: Electrical service • These protect from high voltage. • Class C: Bump Caps, usually aluminum • These are not acceptable for construction.

  13. SUBPART PPE E 13 How do Hard Hats Work? • Very well, if worn correctly! • The suspension absorbs shocks and keeps the shell away from your skull. • Make sure you have at least one inch clearance between the suspension and the outer shell. Meets ANSI Z89.1-1997; tested to withstand a 16 ounce hammer dropped 40 feet.

  14. Noise increases your blood pressure and wears you out. You are naturally going to lose some hearing with age. Work-related hearing loss plus natural loss will make it hard for you to enjoy retirement. Hearing loss is sneaky because you can be hurting yourself without pain. SUBPART PPE E 14 Noisy Facts

  15. SUBPART PPE E 18 Protecting Your Hearing • Use plugs or muffs. • Follow the manufacturer’s instructions. • They must fit properly and be maintained. • Remember, they only work if used. • Do not use cotton or other home-made protection.

  16. SUBPART PPE E 19 When Do You Need Protection? • OSHA requires protection whenever noise is 90dBA or above for an 8-hour day. • Louder noises for shorter periods and impact noise also require protection. • Remember the 3 foot rule: • If you have to raise your voice to talk to someone 3 feet away, you need hearing protection! • See Table D-2 at 1926.52

  17. SUBPART PPE E 21 Protecting Your Eyes and Face • Each day 1,000 workers injure their eyes. • Protection is required when machines or tasks present potential eye or face injury. • Hazards can be physical, chemical, or radiation-related. • Protection must meet ANSI Z87.1 • Sunglasses with plastic lens don’t meet the requirements unless Z87.1.

  18. SUBPART PPE E 22 Types of Eye & Face Protection • Safety Glasses- • Protect eyes from front and side hazards as well as flying particles. • Regular Vented Goggles- • Protect your eyes from dust, sparks, and flying particles. • Hood Vented Goggles- • Protect your eyes from chemicals & dust. • Full Face Shield- • Protects face from splashes, and flying particles. • Must be used with safety glasses or goggles.

  19. SUBPART PPE E 23 Protecting Your Lungs • A respirator is a device which maintains a supply of breathable air. • There are two types of respirators. • Air-Purifying: filters the air. • Supplied-Air: gives you clean air from another source. • Either must be NIOSH- or MSHA-approved.

  20. SUBPART PPE E 24 Air-Purifying Respirators • Use filters which either absorb the chemical or filter out the particulate. • Reusable Type • has a filter, cartridge, or canister • filter, cartridge, or canisters are labeled with the type of contaminant they protect you from. • Disposable Respirator • single or multiple use, usually for dust only.

  21. SUBPART PPE E 25 Supplied-Air Respirators • The breathing air comes through a hose from a compressor, or from a tank. • Connections must be tight and the hose must be protected from damage. • Breathing is easier & inward leakage is less than when using the air-purifying type. • Must be used in high concentrations or where O2 level is reduced.

  22. SUBPART PPE E 26 An Effective Respirator • To protect you, a respirator must: • Be the correct one for the hazard to which you are exposed. • The “workplace protection factor” must be high enough for the concentration encountered. • Example: Half-mask protection factor = 10 Provides protection up to 10X the PEL • Fit you properly. (Fit testing) • Be inspected and maintained, and • Be used according to the manufacturer.

  23. SUBPART PPE E 27 Facemask Types • There are several styles of facemasks. • Half-mask • Covers the nose and mouth. • Full Face-mask • Covers nose, mouth, and eyes. • Air-Fed Helmet • Covers the entire head.

  24. SUBPART PPE E 28 The Employer’s Responsibility • OSHA requires your employer to have a respiratory protection program. • Your employer must: • Provide a medical evaluation to ensure you are okay to use a respirator. • Choose the proper respirator for the hazard. • Train you in the proper use, limitations, and care of the respirator. • Fit test you to find a model that fits your face & has a good face seal.

  25. Respirator Program (cont’d)Where Respirator Use is Not Required • Employer may provide respirators at employee’s request or permit employees to use their own respirators, if employer determines that such use in itself will not create a hazard • If voluntary use is permissible, employer must provide users with the information contained in Appendix D • Must establish and implement those elements of a written program necessary to ensure that employee is medically able to use the respirator and that it is cleaned, stored, and maintained so it does not present a health hazard to the userException: Employers are not required to include in a written program employees whose only use of respirators involves voluntary use of filtering facepieces (dust masks).

  26. SUBPART PPE E 29 Fit is Important • Your respirator must seal tightly against your face. • Things which can prevent a good seal: • beards and sideburns • eyeglasses • the shape of your face; remember; respirators do come in different sizes.

  27. SUBPART PPE E 30 Fit-Check Your Respirator • Perform both types of fit checks every time you put your respirator on. • There are two ways to make sure your respirator fits properly. • Positive fit check • Exhale to check for leaks. • Negative fit check • Inhale to check for leaks.

  28. SUBPART PPE E 31 Positive Pressure Check • Place palm over exhalation valve. • Gently exhale. • If face piece balloons out slightly & you can’t feel leakage, you have a good seal.

  29. SUBPART PPE E 32 Negative Pressure Check • Block ends of cartridges with hands. • Gently inhale. • If face piece pulls in and you don’t feel a leak, then you have a good seal.

  30. SUBPART PPE E 33 Respirator Care • Follow the manufacturer’s directions. • Inspect it before each use. • Repair or discard it if necessary. • Clean it after each use. • Store it in a clean plastic bag. • Replace cartridges/filters if it’s hard to breathe or you can taste/smell the chemical.

  31. SUBPART PPE E 34 Protecting Your Feet and Legs • Every year nearly 200,000 workers injure their feet. • OSHA requires you to wear foot protection where there is a possibility of material falling, crushing or rolling over. • Safety shoes must meet the requirements of ANSI Z41.1

  32. SUBPART PPE E 35 Choosing Foot Protection Wear sturdy shoes with thick soles, steel toes & steel shanks. Look for the ANSI label on the tongue.

  33. SUBPART PPE E 36 Protecting Your Hands & Body • OSHA has no specific requirements for PPE for hands & body. • Hand/body injury hazards must still be evaluated. • Handling caustics, acids, solvents, adhesives, rough and hot materials without protection is unsafe.

  34. SUBPART PPE E 37 Working Over or Near Water • Workers near or over water must wear a U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jacket or buoyant work vest. • Life jackets must be inspected before each shift and not used if defective. • Ring buoys must be installed with at least 90 feet of line & no more than 200 feet apart. • A skiff must be available.

  35. SUBPART PPE E 38 Case Study: What went wrong? A contract employee was assigned to sandblast the inside of a reactor vessel during turnaround activities at a petrochemical refinery. Instead of relying on the contract company's own air compressors in accordance with the contractor's policy, the contract foreman connected the employee's supplied air respirator to a hose containing what he thought was plant air. It was nitrogen. The employee died.

  36. SUBPART PPE E 39 Is This Adequate Protection?

  37. SUBPART PPE E 40 Subpart E - Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment(1926.95 - 107) Head protection required Eye and face protection PPE - Provided, used and maintained Safety nets for falls over 25 feet Life jackets/vests

  38. Always Inspect Before Use!!!

  39. The End

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