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Earthquake hazards

Earthquake hazards . Types of hazards . Surface faulting Ground shaking Landslides Liquefaction Tsunamis . Pair share: if you see the tide go WAY out what should you do and why? . Surface faulting and ground shaking.

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Earthquake hazards

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  1. Earthquake hazards

  2. Types of hazards • Surface faulting • Ground shaking • Landslides • Liquefaction • Tsunamis Pair share: if you see the tide go WAY out what should you do and why?

  3. Surface faulting and ground shaking • Surface faulting is when a shallow earthquake causes the ground to split & shift • Ground shaking buildings can be damaged and the ground can shift. • The intensity of the shaking depends on: the magnitude and proximity of the earthquake & the soil type

  4. Liquefaction • When water and soil are mixed, the ground becomes very soft & acts similar to quicksand • Liquefaction can cause a great deal of damage, especially in urban areas • If liquefaction occurs under a building, it may start to lean, tip over, or sink several feet. Pair share: explain the diagram above to your partner.

  5. Ground subsidence • Ground subsidence is the lowering of the land surface • Caused by either liquefaction causing the settling of sediment or movement along the fault After before

  6. landslides • landslides occur on sloping land that is unstable • they cause $1 billion and 25-50 deaths in the US each year. • Earthquakes, floods, and fires increase the hazard Pair share: why do you think each of the 3 things listed above increase landslide hazard?

  7. fire • These fires can be started by broken gas lines and power lines, or tipped over wood or coal stoves. • They can be a serious problem, especially if the water lines that feed the fire hydrants are broken, too. • After the Great San Francisco Earthquake in 1906 most of the city was destroyed and 250,000 people were left homeless.

  8. Hazard maps • Used to predict: • where earthquakes are likely to occur • How much shaking there will be • Information used to make the map: • Where faults are • Type of soil/rock • Earthquake history White board: What color is Sonoma on the map?

  9. Be Prepared: Have an emergency kit • Have an emergency kit • nonperishable food • water • First aid kit • Flashlight and batteries • Radio • cash

  10. Be Prepared: Have a family plan • Have phone numbers of family members • Know where the safest places in your home are • Have an evacuation plan including where to meet • Know where the gas and water lines are to your home and how to shut them off • Make your home earthquake safe: secure large objects & keep heavy items on lower shelves • Do hang mirrors or other glass items over your bed

  11. Whiteboard review • What is liquefaction? • Name 3 things you should have in an earthquake preparedness kit. • What do earthquake hazard maps tell us?

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