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Invertebrate Characteristics

Invertebrate Characteristics. Symmetry - Bilarteral or Radial Segmentation - repeating similar units Exoskeleton-rigid outer covering which protects the soft tissue of many animals . Gas exchange ( respiration ) occurs through body cavities , but some have gills .

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Invertebrate Characteristics

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  1. Invertebrate Characteristics • Symmetry- Bilarteralor Radial • Segmentation- repeating similar units • Exoskeleton-rigidoutercoveringwhichprotectsthesofttissue of manyanimals. • Gas exchange (respiration) occursthroughbodycavities, butsomehavegills. • Somehavean open circulatorysystem. Somehave a closedcirculatorysystem (loop) • Reproduction- sexual and asexual. Someinvertebrates are hemaphrodites. • A hemaphroditeisanorganismthat produces bothmale and femalegametesallowing a single organismtofunction as bothmale and female

  2. INVERTEBRATESPorifera, Cnidarians, Ctenophora • PhylumPorifera • Sponges • In animal kingdombecause of cellrecognition: separatedcells can regroupinto a new sponge. • PhylumCnidaria • Hydra: live in freshwater. Hermaphroditic sexual reproduction. • Stingingjellyfish: somecarrypoison • Flowerlike coral: providefood and shelterforfishes • Medusa • Anemones: show a symbioticrelationshipwiththeclownfish. Thetwoanimals share food and protecteachotherfrompredators. • Themovements of theclownfishpreventsedimentsfromburyingtheanemone • Theclownfish produces mucus thatpreventstheanemonefromfiringpoisontotheclownfish. • PhylumCtephanophora • Bioluminescentctenophore. Bioluminiscenceistheproduction of light by a chemicalreaction.

  3. INVERTABRATESPlatyhelminthes,Nematoda, • PhylumPlatyhelminthes • Planarian • Flukes (BloodflukescalledSchistosomacommon in Asia, Africa, and South America – cause deadlydisease- schistosomiasis) • Flatworms (Tapeworm : Taeniasaginatus (beef) Taeniasolium (pig) • PhylumNematoda • Roundworms – • Hookworms • Ascaris • Trichinella (pork) • Pinworm • Filarialworms (elephantiasis)

  4. Invertebrates Mollusca • PhylumMollusca- havesoftbodies and somehave a hardshelltoprotectthem. • Clams • Snails • Octopuses • Squids

  5. Invertebrates Annelida • Phylum Annelida- Annelid means ¨little rings¨ The name is after the many segments that make the annelid look like a series of rings. • Common Earthworms • Bloodsucking leeches- parasites that suck blood from other animals.

  6. INVERTEBRATESArthropoda • SubphylumChelicerata • ClassArachnida • Scorpions- Spiders • SubphylumCrustacea • ClassMalacostraca • Shrimps, crabs, lobsters • SubphylumMyriapoda • ClassChilopoda-Dipoploda • Centipede- Millipides • SubphylumHexapoda • ClassInsecta • Insects

  7. INVERTEBRATESECHINODERMS • Phylum Echinoderm • Sea stars • Sea urchins • Sand dollars • Sea cucumbers

  8. VERTEBRATESCharacteristics • All vertebrates are within the phylum Chordata. • Vertebrates have vertebrae which are the bones or cartilage that surround the dorsal nerve cord and form the spine. • They have a cranium, or skull, that protects the brain. • They have an endoskeleton (an internal skeleton) composed of bone or cartiladge.

  9. Vertebrate ClassesFishes • Jawlessfishes • Theonlyexistingjawlessfishesaretthe 80 species of hagfishes and lampreys. • Theyhaveaneel-likebody and a cartilaginousskeleton. • Cartilaginousfishes • Skeletoncomposed of cartilage. • Rays • Sharks • Whaleshark- Largestsharkbutfeedsonplankton, and filtersthewater. • Bonyfishes • Havebones and scales. • Accountfor MOST of thevertebrates living in freshwater AND in saltwater.

  10. VERTEBRATE CLASSESAmphibia • Amphibians are thought to be the first vertebrates on land. • Amphibian comes from the greek word “double” and “life” and reflects the fact that many amphibians spend part of their life on land and water. • Salamanders, frogs and toads are part of the amphibian class.

  11. VERTEBRATE CLASSESReptilia • One of thelargestgroups of terrestrialvertebrates • Includes: turtles, crocodiles, snakes, lizards.

  12. VERTEBRATE CLASSESBirds • Have feathers • Have wings • Beak • Diverse

  13. VERTEBRATE CLASSESMammals • Hair • Completelydividedheart • Specializedteeth • Regulatebodyheatinternally and externally • Femalemammals produce milk • Examples: • Platypus, kangaroo, bats (onlymammalsthatfly), rodents (largestmammalianorder), primates (monkeys, apes, humans), seals, whales, orca, and dolphins.

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