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Pleistocene Glaciation in the Pacific Northwest. I. Ice Ages. A prolonged _______________ in Earth’s history in which global climate is significantly _________ than the mean with significant portions of surface covered by _______________ . most ice ages lasted ____________________
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I. Ice Ages A prolonged _______________in Earth’s history in which global climate is significantly _________than the mean with significant portions of surface covered by _______________. • most ice ages lasted ____________________ • ice ages of geologic past _____________
I. Ice Ages • Major Ice Ages in the geologic past • Precambrian • Paleozoic • Mesozoic • Cenozoic
I. Ice Ages Cenozoic • ~30 Ma (Oligocene) first ice sheets in __________________ • 12-10 Ma _________________________ • ~2.0 Ma ___________________________
I. Ice Ages B. Causes Ice Ages • Continental drift & tectonic uplifts • Changes in atmospheric compositions GHG’s • Long term volcanism • Sun-Earth orbital variations • Changes in oceanic circulation • Solar output
II. Glaciation Basics • Types of glaciers 1. Alpine (mountain glaciers) 2. Continental Ice Sheets
II. Glaciation Basics B. Landforms
II. Glaciation Basics • Erosional 2. Depositional
II. Pleistocene Glaciation A. Intro to the Pleistocene • most recent glaciation • several glacial periods • globally • North America, northern Europe, northern Asia, Antarctica • Extensive ____________________________
II. Pleistocene Glaciation B. Pleistocene North America • Canada ___________________________ • New England & Great Lakes • Northern Tier states • Pacific Northwest ____________________ • Mountainous west
II. Pleistocene Glaciation C. Glacial Intervals • Glacials = • Interglacials =
III. Pleistocene Pacific Northwest • Puget Lobe
III. Pleistocene Pacific Northwest B. Okanogan Lobe & Central Washington
III. Pleistocene Pacific Northwest C. Colville, Pend Oreille, Purcell Lobes