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"Perspective is the rein and rudder of painting" - Leonardo da Vinci

Perspective. "Perspective is the rein and rudder of painting" - Leonardo da Vinci . Linear Perspective. Linear Perspective describes the apparent diminishing of scale as the distance from object to viewer increases. Horizon Line.

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"Perspective is the rein and rudder of painting" - Leonardo da Vinci

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  1. Perspective "Perspective is the rein and rudder of painting" - Leonardo da Vinci

  2. Linear Perspective • Linear Perspective describes the apparent diminishing of scale as the distance from object to viewer increases.

  3. Horizon Line • The horizon linein perspective drawing is a horizontal line across the picture. It is always at eye level - its placement determines where we seem to be looking from - a high place, or from close to the ground. • The actual horizon might not be visible, but you need to draw a 'virtual' horizon to construct a picture in perspective.

  4. Vanishing Point - In Linear Perspective drawing, the point(s) on the horizon line to which the receding parallel lines diminish.

  5. One point perspective

  6. An example… • Notice that the back of the box - which you know is the same size as the front - looks narrower from this point of view.

  7. Notice how the trees look smaller and smaller the farther away they are from the viewer.

  8. Notice how the horizon line eventually meets with the farthest tree. That is the vanishing point.

  9. Origins of Perspective The ancient Egyptians and Assyrians were able to represent their world on one plane. Figures could be seen frontally, from the side, or in three quarter view at the same time. They varied in size according to their importance.

  10. Assyrian Relief, The Battle of Til-Tuba, c. 660-650 BC • We readily accept the convention that all of the figures are projected the same size and from a similar viewpoint, and that the ground plane is the surface of the stone.

  11. The Western Tradition • Linear perspective was first clearly demonstrated in Florence during the early 15th century by Filippo Brunelleschi. His paintings of the Baptistery and of the Palazzo de Signori in Florence perfectly matched the building’s real proportions.

  12. Leonardo da Vinci • Leonardo made the greatest advances in the subject of perspective. He had the genius to explore the implications of perspective as it related to how we see and experience the world.

  13. In this study for Adoration of the Magi, Leonardo has carefully drawn all of the lines needed to create perspective before sketching in all the figures.

  14. Adoration of the Magi by Leonardo da Vinci

  15. You can see that every single element of the painting directs one's attention straight to the midpoint of the composition, Christ's head. It's arguably the greatest example of one point perspective ever created.

  16. JMW Turner’s Petworth Park, 1828

  17. Holy Trinity by Masaccio

  18. School of Athens by Raphael

  19. Two Point Perspective • Two-point perspective is slightly more complex, as both the front and back edges, and side edges, of an object must be diminished towards vanishing points.

  20. Two point Perspective Two-point perspective is often used when drawing buildings in the landscape. The effect can be carried even further, with three-point perspective used to create impressive visual effects, such as a view from a skyscraper.

  21. How to draw two-point perspective: 1. Draw your horizon line across the top of the page. Mark two vanishing points, as far apart as possible. 2. Draw a short vertical line for the front corner of your box. 3. Draw a construction line from the top and bottom of the line, to each vanishing point.

  22. Your assignment: Draw at least five cubes in one-point perspective. Draw at least five cubes in two-point perspective. Be sure to start by drawing your horizon line, choosing a vanishing point (s), and also to use a ruler! Due by the end of class tomorrow!

  23. Your Assignment: Choose an area of the classroom to draw in one point perspective. Using a pencil and the paper provided, draw a LIGHT sketch of the area you chose. Be sure to identify a horizon line, vanishing point, and orthogonals. Show your drawing to Ms. Schreffler. Is your perspective correct?

  24. How you will be graded… • 1. Draftsmanship/Drawing Skills (Are shapes accurately positioned, proportioned, and contoured? Are they in proper perspective?) • 2. Requirements: (Did you choose an interesting and challenging area to draw? Did you draw in one or two point perspective? Is your final work matted?)

  25. Also… • 3. Craftsmanship/Presentation(Is your matt accurately measured, cut, and assembled?) • You will also have to provide commentary on your drawing. What did you do successfully and what could use improvement?

  26. Helpful hints for a successful drawing… 1. USE YOUR RULER. Do not try to make straight lines on your own! 2. Draw LIGHTLY at first, then go back in and darken the lines when you’re finished. 3. Draw large objects first, then add details near the end. 4. Do not be afraid to ask for help if you need it!

  27. Resources An Introduction to Art Techniques by Ray Smith, Michael Wright, and James Horton http://www.mos.org/sln/leonardo/leonardosperspective.html

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