Hydrogen Fuel Cells

1. Hydrogen Fuel Cells Alex Richman

3. Agenda • History of Hydrogen Fuel Cells • How They Work • Key Players • Economical • Political • Long Island’s First Hydrogen Fuel Station • Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I)

4. History Of Hydrogen Fuel Cells • Hydrogen fuel cells date back to as early as 1839 • First commercial application1955 • 1991 Roger Billings was the first person to develop a working hydrogen powered car • The Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee (HTAC) was established under Section 807 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 • Provides technical and programmatic advice to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Energy

5. How They Work

6. How They Work

7. Debate over Hydrogen • According to The Guardian, President Obama wants to be oil independent by 2020 • According to the Washington Post, Obama wants to cut research in hydrogen by 40% • $187 million dollars devoted. Washington Post says “that's barely enough to cover one year's bonuses on the lower floors at AIG” • Lack of infrastructure

8. Key Players • Automakers • Honda • Toyota • General Motors • Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee (HTAC) • McCormick -“I resigned because of the closed-mindedness of the administration on these matters.” • President Barack Obama

9. Long Island’s First Hydrogen Fuel Station • Key Players • Kate Murray • Town of Hempstead Supervisor • New York State Energy Research Development Authority (NYSERDA) • National Grid • GM, Toyota, Ford • Location - Hempstead, Long Island, New York • Expertise required • Urban Development • Hydrogen Fuel Cells • Designing of fueling stations

10. Long Island’s First Hydrogen Fuel Station • Cost of the Project $2.2 million dollars • 50% through tax subsidies • NYSERDA, National Grid • Toyota donated two hydrogen vehicles and Ford donated a Shuttle Bus • Beneficiaries • Car manufacturers • People living in the area • Elderly • Losers • Communities that have not received funding for a fuel station • Taxpayers that wanted their money to be spent elsewhere • Barriers • Funding - took time to get the money due to the financial coverage • Needed a location for the project • Impact • Cleaner Environment • Push for hydrogen vehicles • Push to build a fueling station in Manhattan • Taxi’s run on hydrogen

11. Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I) • Key Players • General Motors • The Gas Company (TGC) • Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism (DBEDT) • U.S. Department of Energy • Fuel Cell Energy • Aloha Petroleum Ltd. • Louis Berger National Renewable Energy Laboratory • The County of Hawaii • University of California – Irvine, and the University of Hawaii • Location • Oahu

12. Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I) • Expertise required • Urban Development • Hydrogen Fuel Cells • Designing of Fuel Station • Funded • GM and The Gas Company • Supported by the DBEDT • U.S. Department of Energy

13. Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I) • Beneficiaries • The Gas Company • GM and other automakers • Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism • People employed by the project • Losers • People that do not want fuel stations to be located near them • Taxpayers that wanted their money to be spent elsewhere • People who will want to purchase a hydrogen vehicle • Barriers • Funding • Need locations for the stations • Impact • Cleaner Environment • Push for hydrogen vehicles • Push to build stations in other parts of Hawaii • Cheaper fuel prices • Reduce the state’s 90 percent dependence on imported oil • Get 70 percent or more of Hawaii’s energy through energy efficiency and  clean, renewable resources

14. Conclusion • Many barriers that need to be overcome • Funding • Dependence on oil and batteries • Projects are a stepping stone for more infrastructure • Advantages • Reliable, renewable • No CO2 emissions, water byproduct • Hydrogen Vehicles are 60 -70% efficient • Driving range (400 miles) exceeds other alternative fuel vehicles (less space and weight) • 2015

15. Questions

16. Call To Action • Need government subsidies • Need to standardize hydrogen fuel station infrastructure • Write letters to congress • Keeping oil prices high and lithium battery prices high • DOE needs to invest more into hydrogen research

17. References • Pictures • http://www.soultek.com/blog/labels/fuel%20cells.html • http://its.berkeley.edu/btl/2011/winter/hydrogen • http://www.tymco.com/environment/ • http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/archive/MSD-H-fuel-cells.html • http://www.techeblog.com/index.php/tech-gadget/bmws-liquid- hydrogen-fueled-v12 • http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/g-m-has-hydrogen-hopes-for-hawaii/ • http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/facts/2006_fcvt_fotw423.html • http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2011/03/29/long-islands-first-hydrogen-fuel-station-powers-hempsteads-new-pollution-free-cars-for-inaugural-drive/

18. References • Paper • http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/35838273/ns/business-oil_and_energy/ • http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09082003-121021/unrestricted/hicknerdissertation.pdf • http://fatheromalley.com/DoItYourselfHydrogen.aspx • http://media.gm.com/content/media/us/en/news/news_detail.brand_gm.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2010/Dec/1208_fuelcell • http://money.usnews.com/money/personal-finance/articles/2008/01/11/hydrogenfuel-cells • http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/fuels/stations_counts.html • http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/11/16/AR2009111602668.html • http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/automakers_promote_hydrogen_cars_obama_administration_remains_skeptical/2011/04/13/AFnQ84iD_story.html?wprss=rss_homepage • http://its.berkeley.edu/btl/2011/winter/hydrogen