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NEMO users meeting June, 8th 2006 Paris

Water mass transformations in the Indonesian Throughflow. Parameterization of the mixing in the ITF : Effect on Water mass. Ariane Koch-Larrouy, Gurvan Madec, Robert Mocard, Pascale Bouruet-Aubertot, Theo Gerkema. NEMO users meeting June, 8th 2006 Paris. Context.

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NEMO users meeting June, 8th 2006 Paris

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  1. Water mass transformations in the Indonesian Throughflow Parameterization of the mixing in the ITF : Effect on Water mass Ariane Koch-Larrouy, Gurvan Madec, Robert Mocard, Pascale Bouruet-Aubertot, Theo Gerkema NEMO users meeting June, 8th 2006 Paris

  2. Context • Evidence of a fresh and hot water flow from Pacific Ocean to Indian Ocean • affect the physical structure of Indian and Pacific Oceans • 5 Sv is going to reach North Atalantic Ocean and be a part of the thermohaline circulation. Speich et al. 2001 Average Salinity in 10-20°C layer Gordon 1986

  3. What do we know ? 1 halmahera 9 makassar ceram ? 1.7 banda 4 4-7 Advection diffusion model -> Kz ~ 1 cm2/s WODB 2001 data Ffield & Gordon 92 Mixing is necessary but where ?

  4. Objectives Tools • NEMO (OGCM) 1/4th degree open boundaries • 2d internal tides generation model • Results from tidal model • WHERE ? • WHY ? because of what phenomena is the ITF transformed

  5. Results

  6. What do we know ? Where ? Because of what ? Microstructure measurement Solve the explicit tides ? Schiller 2004 & Robertson 2006 Show that internal tides could and must be responsible for the mixing Did not look precisely at the effect of the tides Hard to rely to the breaking and mixing 2D internal tides model 0.1 cm2/s 60 cm2/s Our strategy : Simplier Parameterization the effects of the tides Hatayama 2004 Alford et al. Mixing may occurs preferentially above rough topography

  7. What do we know ? Internal wawe drag from tidal model 2 sinks of the tidal energy thermocline Internal tide generated Internal wawe drag bottom friction Le provost & Lyard 2002 Density 20 % of the global total energy is in the Indonesian Seas

  8. parameterization Simmons 2004 Where on the horizontal ? Where on the vertical ? E(x,y) F(z) T. Gerkema & P. Bouruet Abertot Tidal model Internal tidal model 2D Maximum of energy in the thermocline Maximum of energy in Molucca Halmahera Sea

  9. Results

  10. Results S N 0 400 No TIDES 800 TIDES LEVITUS

  11. Why ? 34.8 34.8 34.8 isohaline at 160 m Net flux = 0 salinity flux  0 100-200 m Currents temperature

  12. Conclusion - Energy available is 20 % of the energy of the entire ocean mostly in Ceram and Halmahera Seas - Energy profil is maximum in the thermocline => specific parameterization for the Indonesian Seas that compare very well with the observations Highlight the key role of the Ceram sea NEXT? Quantify (ARIANE B. Blanke Langrangian Diagnostics) route, evolution TS along the route resident time Obs / model comparison INSTANT

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