Language for Nurses: Developing Skills & Addressing Intercultural Issues

1. Prof. E Garbey Savigne, BEd, Cert TEB, MA

2. Aim of the lesson The lesson looks at the language used for • nurses at work, and • developing health-related skills, and intercultural issues in the nurses´ work.

4. Homework When is the international nurses day celebrated? Every 12th May, celebrating Florence Nightingale´s birthday. What do nurses do in UK to celebrate such date? A symbolic lamp is taken from the Nurses' Chapel in the Westminster Abbey and handed from one nurse to another, thence to the Dean. This signifies the passing of knowledge from one nurse to another.

5. Do you rememberwhat a handover is?Watch the video excerpt againand try to remember the main information.

6. This is the main information from the shift handover Patient´s name Daniel Jones Age 22 Insulin dependent diabetic General Health Reason for admission Hernia reduction Doctor Dr. Oliedes

7. Comprehension task.Look at the video excerpt. Answer the questions. A: What does Mary say when she meets Daniel? B. Did she ask Daniel to rate his pain? C. What did Mary do then?

8. Answers to the questions. A: “Good afternoon Daniel. I'm Mary and I will be your nurse for this afternoon” B. Yes, she did. C. She told him clearly what she was going to do, and gave him clear instructions, and reassured him.

9. Language for Nursing

10. Comprehension task. Watch the video excerpt and answer the questions • Why does Mary make the phone call? • Was it successful in terms of communication? • What are the outcomes for Daniel?

11. Comprehension task. Answers to the questions • Because she wants to report about Daniel’s condition. • Yes, it was successful in terms of communication. • He has to remain another night.

12. Read the text and decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F). • Pain starts in the brain____. • To feel pain is important for our body___. • Pain gives us information ____. • Chronic pain lasts longer than acute pain____.

13. PAIN Pain is a vital part of our body's defenses, It warns us what things are dangerous, and so helps us avoid damage to our body. Pain happens when nerve endings in our skin and our internal organs send messages through the central nervous system to our brain. There are two types of pain: acute which usually lasts a short time and chronic, lasting a lifetime.

14. These are the answers according to the text. • Pain starts in the brain. F • To feel pain is important for our body. T • Pain gives us information. T • Acute pain lasts longer than chronic pain. F

15. Read the text about pain again and find the following • A verb meaning duration. • Three (3) cognate words. • The name of two organs of the body. • The translation of “nos ayuda a evitar daños”.

16. PAIN Pain is a vital part of our body's defenses, It warns us what things are dangerous, and so helps us avoid damage to our body. Pain happens when nerve endings in our skin and our internal organs send messages through the central nervous system to our brain. There are two types of pain: acute which usually lasts a short time and chronic, lasting a lifetime.

17. What I found in the text • Lasts (in third person singular) • Vital, central, system • Skin, brain • helps us avoid damage

18. PAIN Pain is a vital part of our body's defenses, It warns us what things are dangerous, and so helps us avoid damage to our body. Pain happens when nerve endings in our skin and our internal organs send messages through the central nervous system to our brain. There are two types of pain: acute which usually lasts a short time and chronic, lasting a lifetime.

19. ACHES AND PAINS ACHE: Continuous pain. BITE: Cut into with the teeth. BRUISE: Injury by a blow or knock to the body. GRAZE: a slight rub or touch. HURT: cause bodily injury or damage to the body. ITCH: Feeling of irritation of the skin, causing a desire to scratch. PAIN: suffering of mind or body. RASH: A slight cutaneouseruption. SCAR: a mark caused by a wound. STIFF: rigid, not easily bent. SPRAIN: An excessive strain of the muscles of a joint without dislocation. SWELL: To become greater in volume, thickness.

20. Talking to patient about pain. LOT RADIO LOCATION ONSET TYPE RADIATION ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS DURATION INTENSITY OFFSET • Where is the pain? • When did it start? • What kind of pain is it… an ache, a burning pain, etc? • How far does it spread? • Do you notice anything else associated with it? • How long have you had it ? • On a scale of 1 to 10, how do you rate it? • Does anything make it better?

21. Where does Does it When did it start How much Can you hurting? describe the pain? does it hurt? hurt all the time? it hurt? Match the different parts of the questions when assessing pain.

22. Where does Does it When did it start How much Can you hurting? describe the pain? does it hurt? hurt all the time? it hurt? Match the different parts of the questions when assessing pain.

23. Asking about type of pain and severity of problems. • What´s the pain like? • What kind of pain is it? • Can you describe the pain? • Is it bad enough to (wake you up)? • Does it affect your work? • Is it continuous or does it come and go? • How long does it last?

24. Pains and parts of the body • He has a stiff neck • She has got a rash on her breast • He has a cut on his finger • She has a scar on her thigh • He has a sore throat • She has a swollen arm • He has a bruised forearm • He has a sprained ankle • His headaches

25. What should a nurse do after administering medication to a patient?

26. Purpose of Nursing Documentation Documentation supports and reports that nursing action was performed and indicates the client’s resulting condition. “ If it isn’t documented, it wasn’t done”

27. Progress notes Oriented by 3 c/o constant dull pain in Rt. ankle Tylenol 2 tabs given p.o. States no relief Rt. foot elevated on 2 pillows

28. Progress Notes Data alone D - Oriented by 3, c/o constant dull pain in Rt. Ankle. D – Oriented by (time, place and person) complains ofconstant dull pain in Right Ankle Data & Action D - Oriented by 3, c/o constant dull pain in Rt. ankle A - Tylenol 2 tabs given p.o. A - Tylenol: brand name of a pain killer 2 tabs given by mouth

29. Response & Action R - States no relief Refers he(she) does not feel better A - Rt. foot elevated on 2 pillows A - Right foot elevated on 2 pillows

30. Data, Action, Response & Action D - Oriented by 3 c/o constant dull pain in Rt. ankle A - Tylenol 2 tabs given p.o. R - States no relief A - Rt. foot elevated on 2 pillows

31. Intercultural awareness. Death is a cultural as well as a biological event. It is important for health care professionals to be aware of the cultural and religious beliefs and customs of the dying patients and their relatives.

32. Read the following texts and answer the questions. • Who is this information for? • Patients • Healthcare professionals • Religious leaders • What is the writer´s intention? a) to describe the process of dying. b) to help people from different religions deal with grief. c) to explain how different religions view dying and death.

33. DEATH AND SOME RELIGIONS JUDAISM CHRISTIANITY Christians always use rites after death before the corpse is safely buried and the soul set on its journey to the other world. Watching by the dead (the wake) is usual. Then the procession sets out for the church. There is a cycle of prayers, mass and absolution. Catholics are now able to be cremated. By religion, someone should stay with the dying person so that the soul does not feel alone. Wound dressings and drains should be left in place. The body is prepared by the burial society.

34. Answers to the questions. • Who is this information for? • Patients • Healthcare professionals • Religious leaders • What is the writer´s intention? a) to describe the process of dying. b) to help people from different religions deal with grief. c) to explain how different religions view dying and death.

35. Read these other texts and answer the following questions. 1. In which of the two religions, is cremation not accepted yet? 2. In which of the two religions does the funeral process last longer?

36. DEATH AND SOME RELIGIONS ISLAM BUDDHISM According to their beliefs, consciousness separates from the body and begins a journey into another new life. Let the body rest in a peaceful state, and be taken home for 3 days for prayers, then they can be cremated or buried. When a Muslim dies, the corpse should not be touched directly unless gloves are worn. The face should be turned towards Mecca and buried as soon as possible, never cremated.

37. Answers to the questions. 1. In the Islamic religion. 2. In Buddhism, which lasts about three days.

38. Summary The lesson dealt with the language used for • nurses at work, • developing health-related matters, and intercultural issues in the nurses´ work.