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Red Balloon Project: Re-Imagining Undergraduate Education George Mehaffy, Vice President for Academic Leadership and Cha

Red Balloon Project: Re-Imagining Undergraduate Education George Mehaffy, Vice President for Academic Leadership and Change, AASCU SUNY Fredonia 2 March 2011. February 2, 2011 Groundhog Day.

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Red Balloon Project: Re-Imagining Undergraduate Education George Mehaffy, Vice President for Academic Leadership and Cha

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  1. Red Balloon Project: Re-Imagining Undergraduate Education George Mehaffy, Vice President for Academic Leadership and Change, AASCU SUNY Fredonia 2 March 2011

  2. February 2, 2011 Groundhog Day The trouble with weather forecasting is that it's right too often for us to ignore it and wrong too often for us to rely on it.  Patrick Young

  3. We are confronting a period of massive change and great uncertainty Our institutions are challenged as never before

  4. New occasions teach new duties, time makes ancient good uncouth, they must upward still and onward, who would keep abreast of truth. James Russell Lowe

  5. We must act, or be acted upon Only together can we respond effectively

  6. The Problem

  7. To prepare our students for life in the 21st century Was created in the 11th century Operates on a 19th century agrarian calendar Our University Model

  8. Our university model was designed for the elite. Now higher education must serve a very diverse mass market. 1. Our current model for funding public higher education is not sustainable 2. Our current model for delivering public higher education is not sustainable 3. Our current public higher education business models are not sustainable

  9. Our current model for funding and delivering public higher education is not sustainable • The way in which America finances public colleges and universities…is severely and irreparably broken. • Darryl G. Greer and Michael W. Klein, “Fixing the Broken Financing Model.” Inside Higher Ed, October 4, 2010.

  10. 2. Our university model, designed for the elite, has now been called upon to provide higher education to a mass market

  11. 177 million 310 million http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2010/ted_20100428.htm

  12. 3. Our current business models will not sustain our work Higher education is a set of cross-subsidies: graduate education subsidized by undergraduate; upper division subsidized by lower division Jane Wellman, Delta Projecthttp://www.deltacostproject.org/

  13. Sources: College Board, “Trends in College Pricing, 2008”; Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2009, www.bls.gov ; U.S. Census, Current Population Study-ASEC, 2008. From the Delta Project. Courtesy Jane Wellman

  14. E. Gordon GeeOhio State UniversityRobert H. Atwell LectureAmerican Council on Education Annual Meeting, February 2009. http://www.acenet.edu/media/mp3s/AM09_Gee.mp3 “…the choice for higher education during this critical juncture is “reinvention or extinction.”

  15. Funding for public highereducation will not return to previous levels. 3 Key Propositions • Increasing calls for greaternumbers of graduates • Technology changeseverything

  16. FUNDING National Governors Association (NGA): “…state budgets will not be balanced until the latter part of the decade.” “Health, criminal justice, and the K-12 schools will consume an increasingly larger share of the state’s resources.” “Many states have structural deficits…” http://www.cbpp.org/cms/?fa=view&id=711

  17. 44 states are reporting fiscal year 2012 shortfalls New York Times, January 23, 2011, p. 3.

  18. Greater Numbers of Graduates President Obama By 2020, America will once again have the highest proportion of college graduates in the world. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/remarks-of-president-barack-obama-address-to-joint-session-of-congress/ Lumina Foundation “Big Goal” By 2025, 60% of adult Americans will have high quality degrees and certificates. http://www.luminafoundation.org/goal_2025/

  19. NCES, BPS, undergraduates only Courtesy Jane Wellman

  20. Technology Changes Everything • Recent changes in technology: • Make it possible to communicate with more • people than ever before • Enable learning any time, any place, • any how • Facilitate personalization • Promote openness, which promotes sharing • Promote participation in content, • knowledge, and news production • Enable collaboration across the world • Brenda Gourley, EDUCAUSE Review, Vol. 45, • no. 1 (January/February 2010): 30-41.

  21. Think about the impact of technology: On journalism… On the music business… On the book publishing/selling business… The Long Tail. Chris Anderson (Hyperion, 2006)

  22. Content Is Now Everywhere Academic Earth academicearth.org Connexions cnx.org OpenCourseWare Consortium ocwconsortium.org iTunes U http://www.apple.com/education/itunes-u/ YouTube http://www.youtube.com/education

  23. The new era of TECHNOLOGY will challenge our historic models of: 1. Teaching and Learning 2. Institutional Organization and Structure 3. Our concept of expertise

  24. Teaching and Learning • Technology Changes Instructional Design • From instruction to discovery • From individual to • collaborative learning • From broadcast to interactive • learning • From teacher-centric to • student-centric • Don Tapscott. Grown Up Digital. McGraw-Hill, 2009.

  25. Institutional Organization and Structure • Technology is creating opportunities for the unbundling or disaggregation of educational activities and processes, within a course, within a program, within an institution, and beyond.

  26. The Concept of Expertise • Study in the journal Nature • comparing the accuracy of entries in two well-known on-line references: • Encyclopedia Britannica • Wikipedia • Found that error rates were about 3 per entry for Encyclopedia, 4 per entry for Wikipedia • http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v438/n7070/full/438900a.html

  27. Encyclopedia Britannica • Founded in 1768, on-line version started in 1994, the first internet encyclopedia. • English print edition is a 32 volume set, 64,000 articles, 4,300 contributors, latest print edition 2005. • The problem with a print edition • Article on Afghanistan is 12 pages long and has been updated in several places to reflect changes in 2002, but no mention of Hamid Karzai's election. • Article on George W. Bush ends with the November 2002 elections. • Article on Iraq ends in 2000 but users are referred to the Britannica Book of the Year for later developments.

  28. Wikipedia Edited by anyone, 7th most visited website in the world. 78 million readers in U.S., 365 million worldwide, each month. 250+ languages 3,514,326 articles in English, 14 million articles total. 22,711,389 pages Staff of 30, started 2001, not-for-profit organization Wikipedia’s Evolving Impact. Stuart West. TED2010

  29. Information is now everywhere, on hand-held devices, available at our fingertips, 24 hours a day. Access to information has changed our relationship to one another, to entertainment, to health care, to every other part of our lives. Why won’t it change our relationship to education?

  30. It already has…

  31. Herpetological Conservation and Biology Created by a group of herpetologists— Founded in 2006, online-only, open-access, peer-reviewed journal with a budget of about $100 a year. 2006 - 6,000 unique visitors 2010 - 42,288 from 160 countries http://chronicle.com/article/Hot-Type-Scholars-Create/126090/?sid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en

  32. Vitek Tracz: Faculty of 1,000 Created “the Facebook of Science” to change the nature of peer review. Transform papers from one-shot events owned by publishers into evolving discussions among those researchers, authors, and readers. http://chronicle.com/article/Facebook-of-Science-Seeks-to/126087/?sid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en

  33. Cloud Computing To help reduce the number of dropouts in freshman biology courses, professors at the University at Buffalo have turned to the power of collaboration and cloud computing to build an online teaching tool designed to explain concepts better than a textbook can. The tool, called Pop!World, provides a visual way to map evolution. http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/biology-professors-use-cloud-computing-to-reach-students/29330?sid=pm&utm_source=pm&utm_medium=en

  34. Professors Using Smart Phones - Apps • Taking attendance ($ 20,000) • Collecting Data • Reading Scholarly Articles • Recording Notes • Using Textbook Tools • Planning Lectures http://chronicle.com/article/College-20-6-Top-Smartphone/125764/?sid=pm&utm_source=pm&utm_medium=en

  35. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have found that “crowd-sourced” articles written piecemeal by dispersed writers stack up well against those drafted by one author. CrowdForge http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/carnegie-mellon-researchers-find-crowds-can-write-as-well-as-individuals/29440?sid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en

  36. Sophia • Identify the best teachers for any concept • Put their instruction for that concept online • Students all over the world can use these “learning packets”  free of charge • http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/social-teaching-company-gets-buy-in-from-capella-education/29466?sid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en

  37. Rio Salado College improved online-course completion rates from 50 percent to upward of 80 percent. Technology played a big role... • 24/7 student support • Detecting signals of classroom success • and failure • Library services available online • http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/beating-the-not-invented-here-mentality/28849?sid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en

  38. In this new Internet age, • what is our job? • Designers - learning environments? • Facilitators of learning? • Aggregators of learning credits • (super swirling)? • Assessors of learning outcomes? • Certifiers of degree completion?

  39. AASCU’s Red Balloon Project

  40. Defense • Advanced Research Projects • Agency • Red Balloon Contest • $ 40,000 • Winning Team: MIT • Post Doc, plus 4, plus 4,000 • Learned about the contest on Tuesday, announced the team strategy on Thursday, contest began on Saturday

  41. Where DARPA Put Their Balloons

  42. How long did it take to find 10 randomly placed 8 foot high bright red weather balloons, suspended 30-50 feet above the ground, somewhere in the United States?

  43. 8 hours 52 minutes

  44. The Red Balloon Contest Is Both: A Metaphor And An Analogy

  45. The Red Balloon Contest is a • Metaphor for the new ways that knowledge is now being: • Created • Aggregated • Disseminated

  46. The Red Balloon Contest Is an Analogy for the way that we might work together collaboratively to re-design undergraduate education

  47. Someone has to do something, and it’s just incredibly pathetic that it has to be us. Jerry Garcia

  48. Can We Create 21st Century Learning Environments On Our Campuses? Design Principles and Models 7 Principles Chickering and Gamson High Impact Practices Kuh

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