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Medical Specialists and Clinical Procedures

Medical Specialists and Clinical Procedures. Dr. Belal Hijji, RN, PhD October 18, 2010. Learning Outcomes. At the end of this lecture, students will be: Familiarised with common medical specialties and clinical procedures. Residency Programmes.

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Medical Specialists and Clinical Procedures

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  1. Medical Specialists and Clinical Procedures Dr. Belal Hijji, RN, PhD October 18, 2010

  2. Learning Outcomes At the end of this lecture, students will be: • Familiarised with common medical specialties and clinical procedures

  3. Residency Programmes • Anesthesiology: Administration of agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation • Dermatology: Diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders • Emergency medicine: Care of patients that requires sudden and immediate action • Family practice: Primary care of all members of the family on a continuing basis • Internal medicine: Diagnosis of disorders and treatment with drugs • Ophthalmology: Diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders • Pathology: Diagnosis of the cause and nature of disease

  4. Pediatrics: Diagnosis and treatment of children’s disorders • Psychiatry: Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of mind • Radiology: Diagnosing using x-ray studies including ultrasound and magnetic resonance studies (MRI) • Surgery: Treatment by manual (SURG- means hand) or operative methods.

  5. Clinical Procedures • Abdominocentesis: Surgical puncture of the membrane surrounding the abdomen (Peritoneum) to remove fluid from the abdominal cavity. • Allergy test: A small quantity of various suspected allergic substances is applied to skin and a reaction is noted. • Amniocentesis: Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the sac that surround the fetus. Fetal cells from the fluid can be examined for chromosomal analysis. • Arthrocentesis: Surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint • Aspiration: withdrawal of fluid by suction through a needle or tube

  6. Auscultation: Process of listening for sounds produced within the body. • Biopsy: Removal of a piece of tissue from the body for examination under a microscope. • Bone marrow biopsy: Removal of a small amount of bone marrow. • Bronchoscopy: visual examination of the bronchial passages through a flexible tube inserted into the airway. • Catheterisation: Introduction of a flexible tube into a vessel or cavity of the body to withdraw or instil fluids • Colonoscopy: Visual examination of the colon using a flexible tube inserted through the rectum and beyond

  7. Cystoscopy: Visual examination of the bladder through a thin tube or cystoscope. • Electroencepahography (EEG): Connection of electrodes (wires) to the scalp to record electricity coming from within the brain. • Endoscopy: Inspection of an organ or body cavity through a thin tube-like instrument (endoscope) inserted into the organ or cavity. • Laparoscopy: Examination of the abdominal cavity through an endoscope inserted into the abdomen through an incision. It is used to remove some organs like appendix, gallbladder, or ovary. • Lumbar puncture (LP): Introduction of a needle into a space surrounding the spinal cord to withdraw fluid for analysis.

  8. Nasogastric intubation: Insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach to withdraw fluid or to give nutrition. • Palpation: Examination by touch • Phlebotomy: Incision of a vein to remove samples of blood • Pulmonary function test: Measurement of the air taken into and exhaled from the lungs by means of an instrument called spirometer. • Thoracentesis: Insertion of a needle into the chest to remove fluid from the space surrounding the lungs (Pleural cavity).

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