1 / 44

Shanghai 2030

Shanghai 2030. SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030. Shanghai 2030 - Major Topics GM’s Futurama exhibit Economic History Shanghai Transportation Wireless Charging Ideas. Shanghai 2030 - GM’s Futurama exhibit. Shanghai 2030 – Leading to GM’s Futurama I Exhibition Historic Factors

vinson
Download Presentation

Shanghai 2030

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Shanghai 2030 SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  2. Shanghai 2030 - Major Topics • GM’s Futurama exhibit • Economic History • Shanghai Transportation • Wireless Charging • Ideas

  3. Shanghai 2030 - GM’s Futurama exhibit

  4. Shanghai 2030 – Leading to GM’s Futurama I Exhibition • Historic Factors • 1933-39 The United States begins recovering from Great Depression. • Mass production of automobiles has hit and the market has become saturated. • 1930’s Growing congestion due to the percentage of the population driving as well as the • number of paved roads. • 1935 Automotive form is now driven by consumer expectation. • 1939 Conflict in Europe and Asia has caused the beginning of WWII. Invitation to the 1940 World’s Fair

  5. Shanghai 2030 – Leading to GM’s Futurama I Exhibition Technological Factors 1920’s Asphalt paving techniques introduced. 1935 Hoover dam completed. 1936 First fully programmable computer intorduced. “Konrad Zuse – Z1 Computer” 1937 Demise of airships with the Hindenburg disaster. 1939 First jet aircraft “Heinkel He” produced in Germany. 1939 Long distance calling introduced, as well as operator less phone lines. 1939 Public television broadcasting begins with World’s Fair. . Model of America in 1960

  6. Shanghai 2030 – Leading to GM’s Futurama I Exhibition 1939 Worlds Fair “Major Exhibits” -General Motors Co. “Futurama Exhibition” -RCA. “Television” -AT&T. “Long distance calling” -Ford Motor Co. “Road of Tomorrow” -Bendix Aviation Co. “Displaying new aviation, marine, and automobile technology.” -Eastern Railroads. “Displayed new rail construction and engineering technology.” . General Motors pavilion 1939 World’s Fair Poster

  7. Shanghai 2030 –GM’s Futurama I Exhibition Futurama I Exhibition “Goals” -Lure fairgoers (potential car buyers) into an idealized fantasy world without traffic accidents and stop and go congestion. -The future promised “better days ahead.” -Visitors were promised that “abundant sunshine, fresh air, fine green parkways” would blend together with seven lane highways as well as high rise buildings. -Promise of greater mobility -Promised everyone a decent living in the future. Model of America in 1960 Model of America in 1960

  8. Shanghai 2030 –GM’s Futurama I Exhibition Futurama I Exhibition “Execution” -Visitors were seated on a seat with individual speakers, and were driven through the exhibit on a fixed path. -The exhibit was viewed as if flying over the country in an airplane. -As the passengers progressed through the exhibit, they viewed the future model of America. -Along the path were a series of dioramas, each one progressively growing larger as you move through the ride. -At the exit of the ride you are now inside a to scale version of the future, in 1960. . Model of America in 1960 Model of America in 1960

  9. Shanghai 2030 –GM’s Futurama I Exhibition Futurama I Exhibition “Model” -36,000 sq. ft model of America in 1960. -Contained approximately 500,000 individually designed houses, 1,000,000 trees, 50,000 scale automobiles, landscape, and new “super highways.” -Model was supposed to cover an area of 3,000 sq. miles of American prosperity. -Model showed how affluent America would look in the near future. . Model of America in 1960 Model of America in 1960

  10. Shanghai 2030 –GM’s Futurama I Exhibition Futurama I Exhibition “Audience” -Potential purchasers of new vehicles. -The American public. -Government agencies in charge of transportation. -Business owners. -Viewed by hundreds of thousands of visitors -Future drivers . Model of America in 1960

  11. Shanghai 2030 –GM’s Futurama I Exhibition Futurama I Exhibition “Impact” -Helped create the American obsession with the automobile. -For comer of the large scale highway projects. -For comer of multiple height highways. -Gave people a vision of the future to work towards. -Took peoples minds off of the looming war in Europe. -Link to video:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74cO9X4NMb4 . Model of America in 1960 Model of America in 1960

  12. Shanghai 2030 –GM’s Futurama II Exhibition Futurama II Exhibition -The city of the future would have no limits. -People would live on the moon and Antarctica. -Much broader vision of the future city. -Promised swimming pools, and luxury. -Computer driven automobiles, moving side walks, and atomic powered road paving machines. -The world would be united under one language and science. G.M. Pavilion 1964 Futurama II 1964

  13. Shanghai 2030 - Chinese Economic History Deda Chicken Processing Plant, Jilin province SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  14. Shanghai 2030 - Chinese Economic History • Since 1978, the the People’s Republic of China has been shifting from a centrally planned system towards a market based economy that is more open to free trade. • Chinese GDP has increased more than 1000% since 1978 • - Based on purchasing power parity (PPP), China was as the second-largest economy in the world after the US, although in per capita terms the country is still lower middle-income and 130 million Chinese fall below international poverty lines. (2006) • - In 2006 China had the largest current account surplus in the world - nearly $180 billion • - China's overall FDI inflows totaled $69.5 billion in 2006 SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  15. Shanghai 2030 - Chinese Economic History • Economic goals for the 11th Five Year Plan (2006-2010) • maintain an average yearly GDP growth rate at above 9% while cutting energy consumption per unit GDP production by 20% • maintain an urban unemployment rate below 4.5% and make 98% of local citizens enjoy social security benefits • keep the percentage of spending on R&D projects above 2.8% of GDP- increase the city's port trade to 550 billion US dollars, the containers handled to 24 million, and the number of passengers crossing local airports to above 80 million • - increase the Internet penetration to about 68% by 2010; SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  16. Shanghai 2030 - Chinese Economic History • Selected transportation infrastructure goals for the 11th Five Year Plan (2006-2010) • six railways for passenger transportation, including one between Beijing and Shanghai • fourteen expressways including one from Beijing to Hong Kong and Macao • transit systems for the transportation of coal and imported oil, gas and iron ore, and containers transport systems at 12 seaports including Shanghai • - channel dredging in the Yangtze and Pearl River valleys and acceleration of port construction along inland rivers. • - expansion of ten airports including those in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  17. Shanghai 2030 - Pudong New Area The Pudong New Area was established in 1990 on former farmland on the East banks of the Huangpu River. - 556 square kilometers with a population of over 2.6M - The average annual GDP growth rate has exceeded 20% since 1990 - Four business development zones include: Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone, Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Waigaoqiao Bonded Zone, and Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park Zone SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  18. Shanghai 2030 - Pudong New Area As a Special Economic Zone (SEZ), the Pudong has greater economic and tax flexibility than other areas of the PRC: - Special tax incentives for foreign investment - Greater independence on foreign trade, and primarily export-oriented - Measured separately in national accounting SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  19. Shanghai 2030 - Pudong Development Areas Zhangjiang (119.3 square kilometers) - primary industries include information technology, biotechnology and pharmaceuticals Lujiazui Financial and Trade Zone (43.4 square kilometers) - specializes in finance, commerce, exhibitions, entertainment and tourism Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone (97 square kilometers) - focuses on exports, shipping and international trade Jinqiao Export & Processing Zone (90 square kilometers) - primary industries include automobiles, microelectronics and semi-conductor equipment, mechanical and electronic integration equipment and biopharmaceuticals SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  20. Shanghai 2030 - Transportation

  21. Shanghai 2030 - Architecture Picture: Old City Shanghai

  22. Shanghai 2030 - Architecture

  23. Shanghai 2030 - Map

  24. Shanghai 2030 - Subway System

  25. Shanghai 2030 - Intro • China absorbed 40% of the entire world's production of cement and accounted 90% of the increase for demand of steal. (London Economist 2003) • China is building as many lane kilometers of highway each year as the entire rest of the world. Picture: Bao Steel Shanghai

  26. Shanghai 2030 - Problems with Megacities • Source: Union International Transports Publics (UITP) • Better Urban Mobility in Developing Countries • The Vicious Circle of Urban Transport Degradation • More and more people are living in urban areas • - Many cities are developing anarchically • - There is a lack of dedicated institutions to address urban mobility issues • - People have limited access to motorized transport • - Cities are under-investing in infrastructure • - Air in urban areas is increasingly polluted • - Too many people die or are injured in traffic accidents (huge problem in Shanghai) • - Growing congestion is a widespread problem in almost all cities (huge problem in Shanghai) • - Urban sprawl and usage of cars increases emissions of greenhouse gases • - Increase in travel also means increase in energy consumption • - Car infrastructure uses urban space inefficiently

  27. Shanghai 2030 - Shanghai Facts • Source: Ralph Gakenheimer Lecture (MIT, 2004) • Automobiles in growing economies in the developing world • Travel Demand Indicators in Mumbai and Shanghai

  28. Shanghai 2030 - Transportation Problems • Source: Ralph Gakenheimer Lecture (MIT, 2004) • Mixed Transportation Growing Congestion • Inefficient Infrastructure No Parking Space

  29. Shanghai 2030 - Urban Degradation • Source: International Association of Public Transport • Vicious Circle of Urban Degradation

  30. Shanghai 2030 - Congestion • Source: International Association of Public Transport • Congestion threatens economic viability and aggravates pollution

  31. Shanghai 2030 - Transport Mortality • Source: International Association of Public Transport • Transport mortality is higher in developing cities and the most vulnerable population are cyclists and pedestrians

  32. Shanghai 2030 - Infrastructure • Source: International Association of Public Transport • Car infrastructure uses urban space inefficiently

  33. Shanghai 2030 - Transportation Source: Ralph Gakenheimer Lecture (MIT, 2004) Challenge #1:CONGESTION (too many transportation modes on the same streets) What future for congestion? Depends more on speed on motorization than the level of motorization Average urban speeds are low - 9 km/h in Shanghai (6 mph) - 10 km/h in Bangkok, Manila, and Mexico - 17 km/h in Kuala Lumpur and Sao Paulo Average commute times in Manila 120min, Jakarta 82min, Rio de Janeiro 106min The challenge: - Enable automobile use in its most socially effective role - A role for car sharing in developing cities - Use of new electronics for traffic facilitations (driver advisory systems) - Limitation of cars in connection areas - congestion pricing? fees

  34. Shanghai 2030 - Transportation Source: Ralph Gakenheimer Lecture (MIT, 2004) Challenge #2:MANAGING PUBLIC TRANSIT AND INFORMAL TRANSIT Accounts for about 70% of trips in most developing cities Weakened by political and financial conditions and congestion Unauthorized transit has grown to a large portion of the market in many cities The challenges: - Create managerial strength and sources of financing of public transport - Design and Enact system integration for public transport - Adopt new modes for more rapid transit service (e.g. Bus Rapid Transit / Bogota)

  35. Shanghai 2030 - Transportation Source: Ralph Gakenheimer Lecture (MIT, 2004) Challenge #3:LAND USE AND URBAN TRANSPORT Explosive decentralization of urban activities toward metropolitan peripheries permits adjustment to more affluent lifestyles and new technologies The problems: social fragmentation, absorption of arable land, increased congestion, increased trip length, pollution, global warming emissions, fuel consumption The challenge: - Reduce excessive urban densities - Adjust the modern technologies without causing excessive decentralization - Development plans and standards that create clustering of demand adaptive to more efficient transportation

  36. Shanghai 2030 - Shanghai Facts • New Transportation Systems - Rapid Transit Bus (TransMilenio / Bogota) Picture: TransMilenio Bogota

  37. Shanghai 2030 - Shanghai Facts • New Transportation Systems - Rapid Transit Bus (TransMilenio Bogota)

  38. Shanghai 2030 - Wireless Charging

  39. Shanghai 2030 - Wireless Charging Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) enables battery charging without direct contact. - No friction wear between components - No cords or wires - Charging can be done under water or in wet conditions with no fear of short-circuit or electrical shock - Minimal electromagnetic waves SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  40. Shanghai 2030 - Wireless Charging in Transportation Charging coils can be placed underground at bus stops and at traffic lights, charging vehicle batteries while vehicle is above coils. Advantages of IPT in transportation infrastructure: - no carbon emissions or smog (from vehicles) - continuous charging without stopping to “plug-in” to electrical grid - no exposed wires or electrical rails 40 SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  41. Shanghai 2030 - Wireless Charging in Transportation Charging coils can be placed underground at bus stops and at traffic lights, charging vehicle batteries while vehicle is above coils. Challenges include: - establishing efficient coupling while a vehicle is in motion and over large air gaps - developing electric storage devices capable of high charging rates - establishing city infrastructure 41 SMART CITIES MIT Media Lab: Shanghai 2030

  42. Shanghai 2030 - Ideas Nissan Uno - Interior Motives Design Award 2007 Real-time maps titled 'Digital Derive' that visualize the volume & geographic source of cell phone usage in Graz Shanghai Motor Show 2006

  43. Shanghai 2030 - Ideas • Cellular Probe System Computes Shanghai Traffic Congestion • Nov 6, 2006, News Report • What is touted as the world's largest cellular probe system has been deployed in Shanghai by • TrafficCast International, TrafficCast China (Shanghai) and China Mobile. The anonymous mobile phone position and signaling data in China Mobile's GSM network are collected, analyzed and converted into travel time and speed information for major highways and surface streets in Shanghai. Currently, the system collects cellular data from 10 million China Mobile subscribers in Shanghai, and covers all roads within the Inner Ring Area, including 483 miles of major roads comprising 1,700 roadway segments.

  44. Shanghai 2030 - Ideas • Source: Dencity.konzeptrezept.de

More Related