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IV. ALPS-ADRIA SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 28 February - 5 March 2005, Portorož, Slovenia

IV. ALPS-ADRIA SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 28 February - 5 March 2005, Portorož, Slovenia. CORELATIONS BETWEEN MOISTURE AND ORGANIC MATTER CONSERVATION IN SOIL TILLAGE. Márta Birkás – Katalin Bencsik – Attila Stingli – Attila Percze Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary. INTRODUCTION. water.

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IV. ALPS-ADRIA SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 28 February - 5 March 2005, Portorož, Slovenia

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  1. IV. ALPS-ADRIA SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 28 February - 5 March 2005, Portorož, Slovenia CORELATIONS BETWEEN MOISTURE AND ORGANIC MATTER CONSERVATION IN SOIL TILLAGE Márta Birkás – Katalin Bencsik – Attila Stingli – Attila Percze Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary

  2. INTRODUCTION water CO2 Despite the negative effects on water and C, this practice has remainedattractiveto producers through the years

  3. INTRODUCTION Land use and tillage impacts on soil damages

  4. METHODS This study is based on data of • monitoring(1976-2001) 31,000 ha; 41 districts (including Hatvan) • long-term experimentsfor tillage impacts on soil quality • Gödöllő (1991-2002), sandy loam, brown forest soil (Chromic Luvisol): • 5 variants • Hatvan (2002-), loam soil (Calcic Chernozem): 6 variants • Soil state variants: settled, loosened shallowly, ploughed, loosened. • Fertilization • Crop sequence: Maize – W. wheat • Years: • 6 average (1991, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2002, 2004) • 6 dry (1992, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2003) • 3 rainy (1998, 1999, 2001) • Measuring: according to the accepted standards

  5. OBJECTIVES • to evaluate the long-term tillage effect on soil moisture and organic matter content (tendency) • to summarize the factors affecting water and organic matter conservation in any tillage system.

  6. RESULTS Soil moisture loss/conservationtendency Soil moisture content rata in average of the years (Gödöllő 1991-2002, Hatvan 2002-2004) rate in ploughed soil = 100%

  7. RESULTS Organic matter management Humus % tendency in the soil (0-40 cm) disturbed differently (Gödöllő 1996, Hatvan, 2003)

  8. RESULTS Land use impacts on humus content of soil (Hatvan, 1983, 2003)

  9. RESULTS Soil condition rankconsidering water and organic matter content Note: Loosened shallowly = mulching (in Hatvan)

  10. RESULTS CO2 emission tendency at different soil condition (Gödöllő 2002, Hatvan 2004) (Emission of ploughed soil = 100 %)

  11. RESULTS Soil tillage impacts on OM/C loss or storage

  12. CONCLUSIONS Soil tillage may influence water and organic matter dynamics through various mechanisms. There are factors to mitigate both water and organic matter loss: (1) Usewater, OM and soil structure conservation tillage, (2) Form the surface of deeply tilled soils, (3) Mulch and recycle stubble residues, (4) Use crops with high biomass, (5) Use cover crops (Hungarian green land program???), (6) Promote soil mellowing, (7) Reduce physical and chemical load of soils, (8) Prevent and alleviate soil harms (compaction and pulverization).

  13. Acknowledgements Experiments supported by NKFP-OM-3B/0057/2002, OTKA-34.274, OTKA 32.851, OTKA-46.670, OTKA-049.049 and sponsored by AGRIKON KAM, KVERNELAND Hungária, SZIE GAK Józsefmajor training farm, VÄDERSTAD, VERTIKUM, and Vetőmag 95. Questionfor future Will a tendency turn to the fact?

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