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acquired childhood aphasia

Definition . Children with acquired language disorders had begun to develop language normally but then lost all or part of their communicative abilities as a result of neurological damage.. Types of Brain Injury. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)Strokes and TumorsLandau-Kleffner Syndrome. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).

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acquired childhood aphasia

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    1. Acquired Childhood Aphasia Braylen D. Rogers

    3. Types of Brain Injury Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Strokes and Tumors Landau-Kleffner Syndrome

    4. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Every year children 14 years and younger sustain a TBI that result in 3,000 deaths 29,000 hospitalization 400,000 emergency department visits 4% of all children kindergarten through twelfth grade have experienced some type of head trauma

    5. Causes Different age groups= different causes Infants: falls or abuse Preschoolers: falls Young school-age: Sports (that’s me) and accidents involving them as pedestrians, bike or skateboard riders Adolescents sustain the most accidents, primarily as the result of motor vehicles

    6. Classification Based on scores of the Glasgow Coma Scale 13-15: mild brain injury 9-12: moderate brain injury 3-8: severe brain injury

    7. The Glasgow Coma Scale

    8. Strokes and Tumor Are most common causes for adult aphasia Only 0.5 per 100,000 children under 15 More than 1/3 of childhood strokes occur during the first two years of life

    9. Causes The common causes of stroke in children are: cardiac disease, vascular occlusion sickle cell disease, vascular malformation and hemorrhage.

    10. Landau-Kleffner Syndrome Least frequent cause of acquired language disorders A distinctive syndrome in which convulsive disorder, indicated by abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) tracings, occurs at about the same time as a breakdown in language

    11. Conditions It has a low incidence. Only 198 cases reported since 1992 Age of onset ranges from 1˝ to 13 years Language regression may be gradual or sudden Males are affected twice as often as females Changes in aphasia, seizures and show normal EEG tracings but continue to exhibit aphasia. Others show opposite pattern

    12. Language Development and Language Recovery The prevailing view has been that brain-injured children differ from adults in three ways: They have a lower risk of aphasia They present different language symptoms They recover faster and more fully than adults

    13. Recovery Toddlers and young children generally appear to recover best because: Their brains withstand injury better than those of infants They have established certain spoken language skills and sometimes written language skills prior to injury They still have enough plasticity for functional reorganization of the brain to occur

    14. Recovery continued After age 5, children’s patterns of recovery from TBI become increasingly like those of adults However, children who acquire aphasia secondary to convulsive disorder generally recover better when onset occurs at older age Type and location of brain injury may also affect a child’s recovery

    15. Language characteristics of kids with acquired aphasia The first three months to a year following the brain injury is referred to as a period of “spontaneous recovery”

    16. Acute Recovery Period Comprehension: A wide range of comprehension impairments are found among children with acute aphasia The severity of the comprehension disorders corresponds to the severity of the injury A study of 57 children and adolescents with mild to moderate-sever closed head injury found that more than 18% had poor auditory comprehension of syntactically complex sentences but only 2% had trouble understanding single words.

    17. Word Retrieval Difficulties with word retrieval are frequently observed in children with acquired aphasia 9% of children with mild-to-moderate were hampered in confrontation naming 18% had trouble retrieving words in specific category Few studies have documented lexical difficulties with left-sided vascular lesions Landau-Kleffner show word substitutions and word retrieval problems

    18. Academic Achievement Though many children with acquired aphasia can be considered as “fully recovered” there still can be effects on academics Even effect intelligence testing Next table shows possible effect

    19. Academic Difficulties for Kids with Severe Head Injury

    21. Other Academic Problems Limited self-awareness of communication problems, which leads to a reluctance or unwillingness to work on them Difficulty initiating conversation General self-evaluations (“it’s okay” or “it’s all wrong”) that do not lead to constructive responses

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