Amphibians Review #1

1. Amphibians Review #1

2. Membrane that blinks to keep amphibian eyes moist on land and closes to cover the eye when swimming under water. Nictitating membrane Deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the body enters the _________________ from the sinus venosus. Right atrium

3. These are located in the frog’s skin and help to keep it moist Mucous glands The multi-purpose cavity that receives waste from the digestive system, urinary bladder, and sperm and eggs from the reproductive system before exiting the body. cloaca

4. Animalia Frogs belong to the Kingdom : Phylum: Sub Phylum: Class: Order: Chordata Vertebrata Amphibia Anura

5. Amphibians Cold blooded organisms with moist, thin skin, webbed feet, a 3-chambered heart, that undergo metamorphosis from a larval to adult stage are called ____________________ Oxygenated blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the _________________ Left atrium

6. Respiratory organ found in the larval stage of amphibians gills Name the parts of the brain starting at the spinal cord and moving toward the nose. Medulla oblongata Cerebellum Optic lobes Cerebrum Olfactory lobes

7. mesentery Thin fan-like membrane that holds the digestive organs in place. The upper portion of the small intestine closest to the stomach is called the ___________________ duodenum

8. skin Cutaneous respiration involves exchanging gases through the ______________ Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called ____________________. arteries

9. Medulla oblongata cerebrum Match the brain part to its function: Controls involuntary body organs ___________________ Higher thinking & learning _______________ Processes info about vision & hearing _______________ balance & motor coordination ____________ Processes info about smell _______________ Optic lobes (tectum) cerebellum Olfactory lobes

10. lungs Pulmonary respiration uses this body organ. The eardrum in a frog is called the __________________ Tympanic membrane

11. Reproductive Name the body system for each organ: oviducts kidneys olfactory lobes lungs Skin Excretory Nervous Respiratory Integumentary/Respiratory

12. 3 Number of chambers in an amphibian heart Tail-less amphibians like frogs and toads belong to the order _______________ Anura “An = without uro = tail”

13. Thyroxin Hormone made by the thyroid gland that controls metamorphosis Digestive organ that produces bile for the small intestine. liver

14. The digestive organ where nutrients are absorbed from digested food. Small intestine Frogs use positive pressure breathing. They move air in and out by raising and lowering the _______________________ Roof of their mouth

15. cerebrum Area of the brain for higher thinking that is responsible for learning, memory, and reasoning Small bone that extends between the tympanic membrane and the inner ear Columella

16. liver Match the part with its function: Make bile __________________ store bile __________________ place where bile is used __________________ respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________ makes trypsin _________ Gall bladder Small intestine (duodenum) gills pancreas

17. Conus arteriosus A valve in the _________________ prevents mixing of the high oxygenand low oxygen carrying blood Blood leaving the heart travels through the pulmonary ______________ to the lungs. arteries

18. liver Match the part with its function: Processes nitrogen waste for the kidneys __________________ removes nitrogen waste from blood and makes urine __________________ removes worn out blood cells __________________ respiratory organs in adult frogs _______________ excretory organ in adult frogs _____________ kidneys spleen Skin & lungs kidneys

19. closed Type of circulatory system in a frog Closed Open stomach Acids in the _______________ helps to break down food.

20. kidneys Match the part with its function: Regulates ion/water concentrations in blood __________________ stores urine __________________ concentrates & collects digestive waste _____________ receives urine, feces, & sperm or eggs _____________ makes insulin and glucagon _________ urinary bladder Large intestine cloaca pancreas

21. Follow the path of blood in the frog circulatory system. Sinus venosus    Bodyorgans   RIGHTAtrium LEFTAtrium  Lungs       Conus arteriosus  Ventricle 

22. Lungs and skin Name two respiratory organs in adult frogs external Fertilization in frogs is _______________ External internal

23. ears Tell where each mouth opening leads to: Eustachian tubes internal nares glottis gullet External nares Respiratory (lungs) Digestive (esophagus)

24. fat bodies Food stored in the _______________ is used during hibernation and estivation. The teeth located on the roof of the frog’s mouth between the internal nares are called __________________ teeth. vomerine

25. Gall bladder Small sac located on the under the right lobe of the liver that stores bile. TRUE or FALSE Blood traveling to the lungs in the pulmonary arteries is HIGH in oxygen. FALSEIt’s going to the lungs to pick up oxygen.

26. Kidneys Main excretory organ in an ADULT frog Process by which frogs lie dormant through the winter. hibernation

27. Nictitating membrane Match the part with its function: Covers eye under water __________________ stores food for hibernation/estivation _______________ Coiled portion of small intestine ________________ between duodenum and large intestine Pumps blood _______________ eardrum _____________ Fat bodies ileum ventricle Tympanic membrane

28. Aorta Largest artery leaving the heart Tell one way frog circulation is different from a fish Frogs: Fish: 3 chamber heart 2 chamber heart 2 loops 1 loop

29. metamorphosis Gradual change in form which occurs during the life of an amphibian This organ makes, stores, and processes red blood cells spleen

30. Openings in the roof of the mouth that connect to the external nares (nostrils) Internal nares Ribbon-like structure located in the mesentery between the stomach and the upper intestine pancreas

31. Name the 2 parts of the frog circulatory system that carry BOTH oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Ventricle and Conus Arteriosus Process by which amphibians lie dormant through a hot, dry season. estivation

32. With amplexus, sperm and eggs are released at same time and in the same place so it increases chance of fertilization Explain how AMPLEXUS helps reproduction in frogs. deuterostomes Frogs are _____________________ that deuterostomes protostomes means their blastopore becomes their _____________ mouth anus anus

33. vertebrates Frogs are _________________. vertebrates invertebrates Thyroxin is made by the _________________. Thyroid gland

34. Kidneys & gills Excretory organs in a TADPOLE Tell one way adult frog circulation is like a fish BOTH: Closed circulation have conus arteriosus & sinus venosus ventricle pumps blood have arteries, veins, & capillaries

35. Breaks down FATS LIVER Breaks down PROTEINS PANCREAS Causes cells to release stored glucose PANCREAS Causes cells to store glucose PANCREAS THYROIDGLAND Controls metamorphosis

36. The medulla oblongata controls Higher thinking internal organs muscle coordination smell Internal organs The part of the systemic circulation in which blood circulates from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is called _________________ circulation. PULMONARY

37. Region of the frog brain which receives info from the eyes is the _______________ lobe Optic Number of loops in the circulatory system of amphibians 2 loops; one to lungs and back one to body systems and back

38. Pulmonary artery The blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs is the _______________ Hint: think about what circulation to the lungs is called and what blood vessels that leave the heart are called! Organ which produces eggs Ovary

39. Gullet Opening to the digestive system in the back of the throat The circulatory system in which blood flows from the heart to the body systems and back to the heart is the ________________ circulation. Systemic

40. Maxillary Teeth located along the upper jaw Blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs in the _______________ __________. Pulmonary veins

41. columella Match the function with the body part Bone between eardrum and inner ear _____________________ Controls higher thinking, learning, reasoning, etc. ______________________ Vessels that carry blood away from heart ________________ nostrils _________________ Teeth on roof of mouth _______________ Receives blood returning to heart from lungs ______________________ cerebrum arteries External nares vomerine Left atrium

42. Organ that produces sperm Testes Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca. Oviduct

43. LABEL THE PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM PULMONARY HEPATIC RENAL CORONARY SYSTEMIC

44. The portion of the brain closest to the spinal cord in a frog. Medulla oblongata Eardrum in a frog Tympanic membrane

45. Structure where eggs are stored before being laid is the ______________ Uterus Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca. Oviduct

46. These yellowish fingerlike structures store fat for hibernation and times with little food. Fat bodies

47. This reproductive structure in females makes eggs ovary

48. Match the function with the body part Controls motor coordination & balance _____________________ Opening to lungs ______________________ Controls body organs ________________ Eardrum _________________ Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________ Receives blood returning to heart from body ______________________ cerebellum glottis Medulla oblongata Tympanic membrane gills Sinus venosus

49. endocrine The thyroid gland belongs to the __________________ system. During periods of extreme cold amphibians undergo a dormant time called ________________. hibernation

50. These structures located near the kidneys make sperm testes