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Railway Safety Plan and Its Status in Korea

IRSC 2007, Goa, India. Railway Safety Plan and Its Status in Korea. Sanglog Kwak*, Jonbae Wang, Yunok Cho, Hyukjin Yoon Korea Railroad Research Institute National Railway Safety R&D Program Office. About KRRI : Korea Railroad Research Institute. About KRRI : Korea Railroad Research Institute.

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Railway Safety Plan and Its Status in Korea

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  1. IRSC 2007, Goa, India Railway Safety Plan and Its Status in Korea Sanglog Kwak*, Jonbae Wang, Yunok Cho, Hyukjin Yoon Korea Railroad Research Institute National Railway Safety R&D Program Office

  2. About KRRI :Korea Railroad Research Institute

  3. About KRRI :Korea Railroad Research Institute • Founded in 1996, financed by Korean government • 246 individuals works for railway R&D division and national project division • Key research area • Rolling stock, track & civil engineering, signaling & electrical engineering, railway policy & operation • National projects • High speed train development , upgrading conventional railway, design urban rail transit system, transportation technology, Trans-Korean railway construction • National safety R&D program from 2004 • Homepage : www.krri.re.kr

  4. Background : General information in Korea • 3.7 billion passenger moved 65.4 billion passenger-km • Railway take more than 25% of passenger-km • Passenger-km increase 2% every year • 10 TOC operate 99 lines(4,000km) • Korail operate 80 lines(3,380km) • 9 Metro TOC operate 16 lines(500km) • 1,050 station, 1,510 level crossing(26 accidents, 3 fatalities) • 60% of lines are electrified • 280 individuals work on safety management • 460 accidents, 190 fatalities (40% are attempted suicide) • Experience based safety management  Risk based safety management

  5. Background : Safety Status

  6. Background : Safety Status • Improving safety from 2004

  7. Background : Accident Cause • National rail : 253 accidents, Metro : 207 accidents

  8. Background : Environmental Change in Korea • Passenger’s concern on safety • Structural reform of railway industries • Separation of operator and infrastructure manager • Change of Health and Safety Act at Work (working hours, shift work) • Metro related accident increase • Increase number of attempted suicide and slip in the platform • Aging of population • KTX (Korea Train eXpress) operation from 2004 • Preparation of international Railway connection • TSR (Trans Siberian Railway) • TKR (connection of the North and South Korean Railway) • Electrification of conventional line • Increasing railway hazards but no railway safety plan by 2004

  9. Background : Application of Railway Safety Act • Railway Safety Act 2004 • Daegue subway train fire accident (191 fatalities) • Safety Planning (from 2006, annual) • National wide railway safety program • Construction of SMS & Safety Case approval (from 2006, biennial) • Risk Management (from 2008, biennial) • Safety inspection (from 2006 , biennial) • Safety technology R&D • Accident investigation • Etc.

  10. The 1st Railway Safety Plan • TFT from all railway safety related organizations in 2005 • Government, TOCs, research institute joins • Determine 77 safety measures, budget, schedule • Requirements for safe operation of the railway system • Environmental change for railway safety • Current problems and limitation on safety • In relation with other plan • Accident analysis & Risk analysis • Many iterative work among organization • The 1st Railway Safety Plan was released in 2006 • Establish annual safety plan from 2006 • Progress management from 2006

  11. Safety Plan in Korea • The 6th Transportation Safety Plan • Transportation Safety Act(1979) • Including all transportation modes  Road Traffic safety is major concern • Government and TOCs establish plan • Passenger & public safety • The 1st Railway Safety Plan(2005) • Railway Safety Act (2004) • All the railway safety related organization have to prepare • Need for approval of government • SMS, safety measure, schedule, results, budget • National safety target and safety index • Risk management included • Passenger, public, and staff safety • Covers all railway related accidents

  12. Safety management organizations • National organization • Government (MOCT): safety budget, safety policy, safety target, safety case policy, safety plan, safety standard • ARAIB : accident investigation, Part of MOCT • KOTSA : Competency & safety information management, safety case approval & safety inspection • KRRI : establishment of safety rules & standards (draft), guidelines, manuals, risk assessment, safety technology research, support expert to MOCT & ARAIB, KOTSA • Korea Rail Network Authority : infrastructure structure manager • Private organization • Korail : operate passenger & freight train, traffic control, track & station maintenance. (Korea National Rail from 2004) • Metro operating company : 7 metro funded by regional governments • Private TOCs

  13. Safety Measures & Budget in 2007 • The 1st Railway Safety Plan (2006-2010) • Safety measure in 6 field, 77 projects (6 billion USD ) • Reducing 40% of accidents and fatalities • Safety Plan in 2006 • Staff management 13 projects, 31mil. USD • Upgrading safety infrastructure : 13 projects. 392 mil. USD • Rolling stock safety management 16 projects, 558 mil. USD • Establishment of SMS : 11 projects, 1 mil. USD • Accident investigation and emergency response system : 14 projects, 7 mil. USD • R&D on Safety technology : 10 projects, 16mil. USD • Important measures are listed in the paper

  14. Safety Measures : Staff management • Train driver license regulation from 2006 • Management on competency, aptitude test, physical examination, experience on route, education • Daily examination of driver before on board • Sleeping time, alcohol / drug test • Testing tools and question sheet • Monitoring of high risk staff • Accident related personal, novice driver, etc. • Change of person’s habit or misunderstanding on work • Training program for safety critical work • Operation and development of training program • Evaluation of training program, incentive on staff for safety activity • Preparation of track work guideline • Working and planning process • Train warning system, installation of safe area on working place

  15. Safety Measures : Infrastructure safety • High risk 466 level crossing • Change into over bridge • Install obstruction detector • Platform • Screen Door installation • Safety fence & CCTV • Emergency train stop button in platform & communication System • Fire Safety • Emergency evacuation tunnel • Toxic gas ventilation system • Warning system, smoke detector, emergency light • Etc.

  16. Safety Measure : Rolling stock safety • Application of safety standard for collison, derailment, and fire • Interior material change : Non-toxic gas release in case of fire • Risk assessment for design approval • Discharging old rolling stock(> 25years) • Installation & Upgrade : signaling, comm. System • Upgrading rolling maintenance equipments • Etc.

  17. Safety Measure : Safety Management System • Regulation for Safety Case (2006), Risk Assessment (2008) • Regulation for Trespass, level crossing management • Regulation for R/S design approval and verification • SMS for dangerous freight transportation • SMS will be developed in relation with R&D results

  18. Safety Measure : Accident Investigation & crisis management • Establishment of ARAIB • Expertise in investigation • Cooperation system with other organizations • Design & construction of accident and safety information system • Publishing railway safety white paper • Construction of preliminary traffic control center for emergency response • Establishment of security and terror response system • Advertisement on emergency response

  19. Safety Measure : Safety technology R&D • System engineering for the interface control of research topics • System safety application( including risk assessment) • R&D on human factors, training system using simulator • Testing and evaluation technique for major accident (including testing infrastructure installation) • Design and construction of an safety information management system • Development of emergency action guideline for designed accident scenarios • Development of intelligent level crossing and the improvement of safety performance

  20. Transition to Risk Based Safety Management • Current national R&D program for railway safety • System safety & system engineering • Establishment of safety management system • Development of assessing & preventing techniques for major accidents • 13 programs are based on risk assessment • Results will be reflected in the next safety plan, regulations and rules

  21. Conclusions and future plan • Railway safety plan and its status are presented • 1st Railway safety plan became the basis of safety activities • Safety measures and current status in 6 fields are introduced • 20% of accidents reduced, 4% of passenger increase during 2years • Problems will be reflect in the next plan • Resistance on new regulation and standards • Lack of expertise on small TOC’s safety management organization. • Consistency among regulation, plans, and standard • Different schedule between activity and safety budget

  22. Thank you

  23. National R&D on railway safety • 1. System engineering and project management • 2. Hazard analysis and risk assessment for safety management • 3. Establishment of a management system for the human error and the assessment of aptitude • 4. Establishment of a training system using simulators for the human error management • 5. Establishment of safety standards and management system for infrastructure • 6. Establishment of safety standards and management system for rolling stocks • 7. Establishment of safety standards and management system for safety critical S/W • 8. Establishment of safety standards and management system for dangerous freight operation • 9. Development of emergency action guidelines for designed accident scenarios • 10.Design and construction of an safety management information system • 11. Development of test and evaluation techniques for the fire resistance of rolling stocks and infrastructures • 12. Development of test and evaluation techniques for collision and the improvement of safety performances • 13. Development of test and evaluation techniques for derailment and the improvement of safety performances • 14. Development of test and evaluation techniques for train control system and the improvement of safety performances • 15. Development of intelligent level crossing and the improvement of safety performances

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