India AM Report 2019 Preview

1. INDIA AM REPORT MAPPING THE GROWING INDIAN AM INDUSTRY Current Indian AM Scenario Global & ASEAN AM Reviews Insights from Industry Experts Future Potential of AM in India 2019 Edition

2. The India AM Report 2019 is based on our in-depth understanding of the Indian AM industry and comprehensive market research. This included primary research - detailed interviews with 35+ industry experts selected from the Additive Manufacturing supply chain and end consumers. ADITYA CHANDAVARKAR Co-Founder Indian 3D Printing Network This report is a seamless combination of technical data and commercial data to understand India’s current position in the AM market. SAMEET RAUT Consulting Partner Indian 3D Printing Network We are proud to present to you the India AM Report with a strong belief that this will go a long way in helping the Industry grow and spur new investments into it. We continue to remain strongly committed to our core cause and presence in this industry, and look forward to partnering it in its next phase of growth. DILIP RAGHAVAN Co-Founder Indian 3D Printing Network

3. Foreword About six months ago, I gave a keynote address at a user meet of a leading additive manufacturing OEM and the topic that I had chosen was ‘2D to 3D in India’, figuratively indicating the two-decade journey of 3D printing in India. While the mission Chandrayan captivated national attention, AM fraternity can cherish the fact the Indian space launches have started making end-use parts through AM for the past 2 years. First set of AM users in India established the AM systems around 1996-97 to explore their use in prototyping and product development. Pioneering technologies like FDM, stereolithography and metal sintering still lead the pack with innovative offerings; while other early entrants like Helisys-LOM and Cubital-Solid Ground Curing faded into oblivion. Survival of the fittest applies to all domains; AM being no exception. At this juncture when the impetus to AM applications both in plastics and metals is at its peak, it is always interesting to reflect on some pivotal changes that we have lived and worked through. Early generations of AM machines were largely used for making communication models, as the material choices were limited and process accuracy was below par. It should be to the credit of the Indian auto companies that the use of AM technologies remained upbeat. While many of them used AM for rapid prototyping; a few gained expertise in indirect method of generating multiple parts through rapid tooling. During early 2000s, development of intricate metal castings using ABS and SLA master patterns was championed by TVS, Bajaj, Tata Motors, etc., and the need for metal AM was addressed, albeit indirectly. While establishments like GTRE, DMRL and DRDL continued using AM parts for experimental stress analysis and assembly integration; a concurrent phenomenon occurred in Indian jewellery sector, which found an effective ally in SLA for making high quality patterns. Concurrently Indian AM service sector started emerging with entry of a few service bureaus and their role in sensitising the users on potentials of AM in product development needs a special mention. During this early period, the Rapid Prototyping Society of India, formed under the aegis of the Institution of Engineers (India), conducted a series of workshops and seminars for popularising AM both in strategic and engineering sectors. Memory of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam inaugurating one of the RPSI events is still vivid in memory. Several industry honchos like Dr. Pawan Goenka, Dr. Bharat Balasubramanian, Mr. Dilip Chhabria delivered stimulating keynotes in 2004 RPSI event. Since then, users from multitudinous sectors, disparate backgrounds and diverse interests have embraced AM in India. If innovative tooling solutions by tyre makers and light-weight inspection fixtures by auto majors dot Indian manufacturing landscape, it is a testimony to collaboration among OEMs and end users. An unmissable aspect of recent times is the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship among the millennial leading to numerous business models based on AM and design. Startups specialising in the supply of customised gifts, patient-specific surgical guides, architectural models, medical devices, educational aids and wearables have seamlessly integrated AM into their business models and supply-chains with innate features of design freedom and customisation. AM build process is only part of the overall eco system, implementing the full process supply chain is the key to the timely fulfilling of customers’ needs. Heartening feature is the success story of a few of the early entrants in rising to these expectations and blazing the trails for several others. Reflecting the similar trend, technology business incubation centres and entrepreneurship development centres have set up maker spaces with multiple 3D printers so that incubate companies can accelerate their product design and development pursuits.

4. Medical field presents immense uptake opportunities for AM. Orthodontists, maxillofacial and orthopaedic surgeons making use of AM models for surgical planning is gradually gaining acceptance despite the obvious lack of standard support mechanisms. Neoteric entrepreneurs are also exploring developing special purpose 3D printers based on binder jetting principles for tissue engineering. The tooling sector, while representing a massive horizon of AM opportunities, has not really leveraged AM to the hilt. Barring few instances wherein the Indian enterprises have leveraged AM for high-volume production, majority of the efforts are limited to one-off printing or substitution of conventionally manufactured parts. The approach should be to understand the principles of designing for AM and reengineer the design so as to realise functional advantages like part consolidation, light weighting and functionality improvement. The impact, even if a few thousands of spare parts get saved in digital warehouses to be delivered on demand through 3D printing, could be humongous. Challenge lies in identifying the right candidate parts for AM and arranging the digital data in such a way that all the manufacturing information is available besides CAD data. Atal Tinkering Labs, the mission of NITI Aayog for infusing design tinkering skills among the school students has contributed significantly in AM democratisation with a consequential phenomenon of desktop 3D printers entering thousands of school portals across the country. A spin-off benefit this increased awareness is the continued healthy growth of Indian AM startups that specialize in desktop 3D printers. While the evolution of AM technology into a disruptive force that it is today, is beyond doubt; the speed of adoption is much slower than we had expected, rather we had all hoped for. It is a people-centric challenge interwoven with the vagaries of technologies, dynamics of business models and perceptions. Inter-disciplinary and multi-organisational efforts are needed for getting the AM parts made of new generation materials certified for direct use. With country’s thrust on indigenous manufacturing and proclivity of younger generation towards digital processes, upcoming days look bright for AM fraternity. Dr. U. Chandrasekhar, FIE, C.Eng. Programme Director, Wipro 3D AddWize & (Former) Additional Director - GTRE DRDO

5. Legal Disclaimer Indian 3D Printing Network (I3DPn) is not responsible for any incorrect information supplied to us by the manufacturers or users. Quantitative market information is based primarily on interviews and therefore is subject to fluctuation. I3DPn research services are limited publications containing valuable market information provided to a select group of customers. Our customers acknowledge, when ordering or downloading, that I3DPn research services are for customers’ internal use and not for general publication or disclosure to third parties. Furthermore, no part may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the permission of the publisher. For any information or queries please write to: Indian 3D Printing Network 126A, Dhuruwadi, A.V.Nagwekar Marg, Prabhadevi, Mumbai - 400025 INDIA editor@catnewtech.com +91 22 24306319

6. Introduction To India AM Report The India AM Report was conceptualised to provide a credible reference point for the manufacturing industry in India and international companies, looking to invest in the Indian Additive Manufacturing landscape. This edition of this annual comprehensive report maps the growing Indian Additive manufacturing industry. The India AM Report 2019 is based on our in-depth understanding of the Indian AM industry and comprehensive market research. This included primary research - detailed interviews with 35+ industry experts selected from the Additive Manufacturing supply chain and end consumers. This was supported by intensive secondary research, which included referring to trade publications and literature, company details, statistics and academic publications. Market forecasts were developed from the primary and secondary research. This was combined with I3DPn’s existing insight and database of market information on Additive Manufacturing Industry produce a first of its kind report in India. This report takes you through the historical journey of AM in India and Globally. It also provides you the State of the AM Industry in India, ASEAN and Globally with current scenarios, industries adopting it, on ground numbers and future forecasts. For the uninitiated, the India AM Report also includes sections on Technology Review, Process Flow and Applications allowing them to come upto speed with this revolutionary technology. 1995 marked the first investment into AM by the Indian industry. Almost 25 years have passed since and Indian industry has made advances including: Acceptance by Jewellery and Automotive industries for mould making & prototyping respectively. Increased Metal AM installations entering diverse applications like Aerospace, Space, Defence and Tooling Medical AM and Bio-printing companies A thriving startup ecosystem addressing various needs including software, digital manufacturing and system development. Ongoing projects at Academic & Research Institutes and Educational Curriculum. Many others, which have been captured in this report. India is today only touching the tip of the Iceberg in adoption of this technology, however with the ingenuity of Indian industry and existing/upcoming government policies an exponential growth in this space is just around the corner. We have put in our best efforts to honestly represent the Indian AM industry through this report and we are sure that this will become one of the benchmarks in the industry and become an important tool for the industry to take informed business decisions. Aditya Chandavarkar Co-Founder Indian 3D Printing Network

7. INDIA’S ONLY DEDICATED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING EXPO 5th EDITION MUMBAI 11th-12th DECEMBER www.amtechexpo.in HALL 5, BEC GOREGAON ORGANISER #Go3DWithAMTech Contact - events@catnewtech.com

8. Contents AM Technology Review Introduction to Additive Manufacturing Landscape of AM Technologies Technology Deep Dive 1 - 14 2 3 5 AM Process Workflow 15 - 18 AM History Global Historical Perspective History of AM in India 19 - 29 20 23 State of Global AM Industry 30 - 31 Growth Opportunities for AM in ASEAN 32 - 36 Applications of AM 37 - 44 State of Indian AM Industry Historical Analysis of Industrial & Desktop AM Systems Historical Analysis of Polymer Materials Metal AM Scenario In India – Systems/Applications Industry Performance and Cost Breakup Indian AM Industry Market Size and Forecast 45 - 56 46 48 49 51 54 Application Cases in India 57 - 61 AM Research & Academia 62 - 65 Government Policies & Initiatives 66 - 68 Upcoming Technologies 69 - 73 Concluding Remarks 74 - 75 Appendix 1 : About Indian 3D Printing Network Appendix 2 : Contributors Appendix 3 : List of Photos & Infographics Bibliography

9. SHAPING YOUR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING BUSINESS Indian 3D Printing Network (I3DPn) is a neutral knowledge sharing platform, acting as one point of contact for the Additive Manufacturing industry in India, with an aim of engaging the AM community on a constant basis. Tradeshow, Seminars and Focused Roundtables Publishing and Media Platform Market Research and Intelligence AM Training & Consulting +91 22 2430 6319 events@catnewtech.com www.indian3dprintingnetwork.com @indian-3d-printing-network @AMTexpo

10. Contributors Mukesh Agarwala 3DPD Sridhar Balaram Intech DMLS Paresh Bheda Protosys Technologies Ketan Jajal Yathiraj Kasal GE Firoza Kothari Anatomiz3D Vijay Kumar Meena CSIR-CSIO Rohil Mehta EnvisionTEC Dr. Christ Paul RRCAT Guruprasad Rao Imaginarium Ankit Sahu Swapnil Sansare Divide By Zero Objectify Technologies Dheepa Srinivasan Intech DMLS Terry Wohlers Wohlers Associates

11. Tarun Chand 3D Matters Pte Ltd Dr. U Chandrasekhar Wipro 3D Nitin Chaudhari Shree Rapid Technologies Aditya Kumar Marcopolo Dr. Shiva Shankar Mahadevan Confident Dental Alok Medikepura Anil NBIL Maniraj Perumal Hero Motors Anand Prakasam EOS GmbH Ajay Purohit Jitendra Singh Accreate Additive Labs Abhinav Sighal Thyssenkrupp Maltesh Somashekarappa Supercraft3D

12. List Of Illustrations & Charts Illustrations Illustration 21 Article on Hip Implant developed by Protosys in 2000 Page 27 Illustration 1 Classical SLA with laser source located above resin vat Page 5 Illustration 22 3D Printed Automotive Components Page 38 Illustration 2 Reverse SLA with laser source located below the resin vat Page 5 Illustration 23 3D Printed Automotive Metal Components Page 38 Illustration 3 Typical representation of a DLP, CDLP or CLIP Printer Page 6 Illustration 24 3D Printed Aerospace Components Page 39 Illustration 4 SLA 3d printed parts Page 6 Illustration 25 3D Printed Mould and Final Jewellery Product Page 41 Illustration 5 Jewellery Patterns for Investment Casting Page 6 Illustration 26 Red Gold Powder For Michiel Holthinrichs’ 3D Printed Watches Page 41 Illustration 6 Innovative Midsole geometries for Adidas using CLIP technology Page 6 Illustration 27 3D Printed Building Model Page 42 Illustration 7 Line Diagram of FDM or FFF technology Page 7 Illustration 28 Conformal cooling channels follow the contours of a core or cavity insert Page 44 Illustration 8 Thermo Pyramid Page 7 Illustration 9 3D Printed Jigs & Fixtures Page 8 Illustration 29 Indian AM ecosystem with market value Page 54 Illustration 10 ULTEM™ 9085 resin environmental control duct used on a space launch vehicle Page 8 Illustration 30 Indian Healthcare And Dental AM ecosystem With Market Value Page 55 Illustration 31 Comparison of Original and Additively Manufactured Steering Bracket Page 58 Illustration 11 3D Powder Bed Fusion Technology Page 10 Illustration 12 3D Printed Drill Extraction Shoe Page 11 Illustration 32 Compressor Housing Hand Held Page 58 Illustration 13 3D Printed Spiral Bottle Page 11 Illustration 33 Fuel System Elbow Part Page 58 Illustration 14 The Objet Polyjet Process Page 13 Illustration 34 Anti Icing Assembly Page 58 Page 13 Illustration 15 3D Printed Liver Illustration 35 3D Printed Aerospace Components Page 59 Illustration 16 Polymer Printed Parts by 3Diligent Page 13 Illustration 36 Material Feeder Page 59 Illustration 17 Binder Jetting Process Page 14 Illustration 37 Foot Rest Page 59 Illustration 18 Optimized Piston Head Page 14 Illustration 38 Pre-operative Guide for Congenital Heart Disease Page 60 Illustration 19 Tool-free production of an impeller: 3D-printed sand core (left) and the final casting (right) Page 14 Illustration 39 Surgical Drilling Guides for Scoliosis Surgery Page 60 Illustration 40 Customised Cranial Implant Page 60 Illustration 20 3D Printed Parts Page 14

13. Illustration 41 Electron microscopy of Liver Spheroids Page 61 Page 46 Chart 6 Historical Analysis of Industrial AM Systems with Growth Rates Values, 2014-19 Illustration 42 Customised Ring Page 61 Illustration 43 3D Architectural Model for Theme Park Page 61 Chart 7 Historical Analysis of Polymer Materials for Industrial & Desktop AM Systems with Growth Rates Page 48 Page 61 Illustration 44 Concrete 3D Printed Structure Values, 2014-19P Page 64 Illustration 45 Photograph of Large Volume LAM-DED system at RRCAT Chart 8 Installed Base of PBF, DED and Other Metal AM Systems in India Percentage, 2019 Page 49 Illustration 46 Think 3D, Vizag Page 68 Illustration 47 Sample HP Part Page 71 Chart 9 Split of Major Applications of Metal AM in India Page 50 Illustration 48 3D Printed Carbon Fiber Parts Page 72 Percentage, 2019 Illustration 49 NanoDimension Dragonfly 2020 3D Printer Page 73 Chart 10 Page 51 Split of Applications of AM in India Illustration 50 3D Printer Circuit Page 73 Percentage, 2019 Chart 11 Split of Healthcare Specialities serviced by AM in India Page 52 Charts Percentage, 2019 Chart 1 Industrial AM systems sold by companies in major geographical region. Page 31 Chart 12 Page 53 Product Development Stages Split Utilising AM in India Percentage, 2019 Percentage, 2018 Chart 13 Page 53 Chart 2 Overview of AM Market in ASEAN Page 33 Cost Breakup of AM Process Workflow Percentage, 2019 Market Size, 2019 Chart 14 Page 55 Chart 3 Historical Analysis of Desktop AM Systems with Growth Rates Installations, 2014-19 Page 46 India Growth Forecast of Desktop AM Systems Values, 2019-23 Chart 15 Page 56 Chart 4 Historical Analysis of Industrial AM Systems with Growth Rates Installations, 2014-19 Page 46 India Growth Forecast of Industrial AM Systems Values, 2019-23 Chart 16 Page 56 Chart 5 Historical Analysis of Desktop AM Systems with Growth Rates Values, 2014-19 India Market Value Forecast Values, 2019-23

14. The future is instant models for dentistry. DR. SHIVA SHANKAR MAHADEVAN Director Confident Dental Lab The Indian AM industry will soon see Technological Disruption and Business Disruption which will drive further adoption of this technology PRAKASAM ANAND Country Manager EOS GmbH Pump Industry will start adapting AM faster for low volume production MANIRAJ PERUMAL DGM Hero Motocorp When we started Metal Additive Manufacturing research in 2003, the thought process was to develop a machine and process, because of our background in indigenous development of technology. In fact, we are now looking at some interesting R&D in the field of laser material processing. Today, it is exciting to note that our efforts are towards building Industry 4.0 solutions. DR. C P PAUL Head, Laser Additive Manufacturing Lab & Dean- Student Affairs, Homi Bhabha National Institute, RRCAT

15. Indian 3D Printing Network 126 A, Dhuruwadi, A.V. Nagwekar Marg, Prabhadevi, Mumbai 400025, Maharashtra, India. Tel : +91 22 2430 6319 E-mail : editor@catnewtech.com www.indian3dprintingnetwork.com 2019 Edition