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Teacher supply, preparation and retention: a national view

P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005. 2. Policy Challenges. Context and dataMarket characteristicsPolicy miscuesDisentangling Recruitment

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Teacher supply, preparation and retention: a national view

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    1. Teacher supply, preparation and retention: a national view BTSA 2005-2006 State Directors’ Conference – Sacramento Penelope M. Earley George Mason University

    2. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 2 Policy Challenges Context and data Market characteristics Policy miscues Disentangling Recruitment & Retention

    3. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 3 K-12 Students in 2003 46.6 million students in K-12 schools 60% White, 19% Hispanic, 16% Black, 4% Asian

    4. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 4 Teachers in 2005 89% White and 82% female 42% are over 50 28% of teachers with 30+ years experience are men

    5. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 5 Market Characteristics Sensitive to local population shifts Function of local and state needs and policy Supply increase in one place doesn’t relieve demand elsewhere 150 miles phenomenon

    6. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 6 Market Cont. Primarily white women Preparation programs differ more than in other fields Summer hiring decisions Segmented by field Magic pool

    7. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 7 New Hires = 17+% Transfers = 9% Returning Teachers = 4% Delayed Entrants = 2% Recent Graduates = 3%

    8. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 8 Who leaves? 50% within five years Teachers in hard to staff schools Special ed, mathematics, science

    9. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 9 Why? Working Conditions -State & Federal Mandates Salary Personal Reasons

    10. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 10 Policy Miscues Assuming retention policy is a recruitment tool Intuitive appeal of loan forgiveness and signing bonuses Lack of longitudinal data and evaluations

    11. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 11 Loans and Bonuses Over 300 loan forgiveness bills introduced in the US Congress between 1992 and 2005 Used in many states Why do shortages persist?

    12. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 12 Do They Work? Little evidence… Medicine South Carolina Study Massachusetts Study

    13. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 13 Missing Questions Did you plan to go into teaching before you knew about the financial incentive plan? Did recipients remain in teaching longer than those who did not participate in a financial incentive plan?

    14. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 14 Reframing Policy Recruitment = Labor Policy - Teaching is a job Retention = Investment Policy - Teaching is a profession

    15. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 15 Labor vs Investment Labor policy: quick response, nimble, targeted, short term Investment policy: measured response, targeted, long term

    16. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 16 Labor Policy Teacher Recruitment Tools Short term (days, weeks, months) Local flexibility Easily implemented Targeted (individual & school) Variety of options (individual and school needs)

    17. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 17 Investment Policy Preparation, Induction, Professional Development Long term (results not immediate) Connected Targeted (individual, school, district, state)

    18. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 18 Investment Returns Working conditions improved Teachers remain and continue to gain expertise Teachers’ commitment to the profession, the district, and the school increase

    19. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 19 Investment Resources Federal Options Katrina, Rita, & reconciliation Supreme Court nominees Birds Iraq

    20. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 20 $455,700,000

    21. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 21 Cost of Teacher Turnover Using a conservative Dept. of Labor model -- $4.8 Billion annually in the US $455.7 Million in California

    22. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 22 Investment Strategy 6 Points Solid evaluations and data Stabilize investment funds Use funds to build local capacity

    23. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 23 Strategy Strengthen Pre/K-16 partnerships Build conceptual links: preparation, induction, mentoring, professional development Add loans and the like to the investment portfolio

    24. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 24 Ahead Retirements 2005 – 2015 More women as a percent of teaching force Pulling back of federal role (and money) November 2005 elections Opportunity to reframe the policy debate

    25. P. Earley -- NES Policy Analysis Grant 2005 25

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