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The Hip Joint

The Hip Joint. Exercises and Injuries. Pelvis Abnormalities. To appreciate the abnormalities that may occur, picture a box around the pelvis. The two most common situations are: 1.the pelvis is tilted forward (anterior tilt); slightly rotate the box forward

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The Hip Joint

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  1. The Hip Joint Exercises and Injuries

  2. Pelvis Abnormalities • To appreciate the abnormalities that may occur, picture a box around the pelvis. • The two most common situations are: • 1.the pelvis is tilted forward (anterior tilt); slightly rotate the box forward • 2.one side of the pelvis is lower than the other (lateral tilt); slightly tip the box to one side. • Each of these abnormalities has its own specific range of problems and sometimes both can occur.

  3. How would weak hamstrings, and tight hip flexor muscles affect the lower back?

  4. Anterior Tilt

  5. Anterior Tilt

  6. Anterior Tilt • How can this excessive anterior tilt be corrected?

  7. Anterior Tilt

  8. Anterior Tilt

  9. Lateral Tilt • Which group of muscles would be stronger in the left leg with permanent left lateral tilt? • Name the muscles Left Lateral Tilt

  10. Lateral Tilt • Contracting what group of muscles will limit the amount of left anterior tilt while walking? • Name the muscles.

  11. Lateral Tilt

  12. Exercises for the Hip Joint • Good • ExRx • Qustionable • Bodybuilding

  13. Terminology • Compound • An exercise that involves two or more joint movements. • Isolated • An exercise that involves just one discernible joint movement.

  14. Terminology • Closed Chain • An exercise in which the end segment of the exercised limb is fixed, or the end is supporting the weight. Most compound exercises are closed chain movements. • Open Chain • An exercise in which the end segment of the exercised limb is not fixed, or the end is not supporting the weight. Most isolated exercise are open chain movements.

  15. Gluteus Maximus

  16. Gluteus Maximus – Squats

  17. Gluteus Maximus – Dead Lift

  18. Gluteus Maximus – Lunge

  19. Gluteus Maximus – Step Up

  20. Gluteus Maximus – Leg Press

  21. Hip Abductors/Adductors

  22. Hip Abductors – Cable

  23. Hip Abductors – Seated

  24. Hip Abductors – Lever

  25. Hip Adductors – Seated

  26. Hip Adductors – Lever

  27. Hip Flexors

  28. Hip Flexors – Leg Raise

  29. Hip Flexors – Lever

  30. Stretching • Opposite action of the muscle • For example, to stretch a hip extensor muscle, perform hip flexion.

  31. Gluteus Maximus - Stretching

  32. Abductors - Stretching

  33. Abductors (IT Band) - Stretching

  34. Hip Flexors - Stretching

  35. HIP INJURIES

  36. GROIN INJURIES

  37. Pathology • Twisting, running, jumping • Muscles most often involved: • Adductor longus • Iliopsoas • Gracilis • Sartorius

  38. HIP POINTER • A hip pointer is a contusion to the iliac crest, the surrounding soft tissue structures, or the greater trochanter of the femur. • Typically, the injury is caused by a direct blow or fall. • Hip pointer injuries occur most commonly in contact sports (eg, football, hockey), but they can also occur in noncontact sports (eg, volleyball) as a result of a fall onto the hip or side. • Pain and tenderness in this region can limit an athlete's participation in sports.

  39. Hip Pointer

  40. HIP DISLOCATION

  41. Dislocation • Any traumatic hip dislocation requires immediate treatment, ideally within six hours or less. • This is because a traumatic hip dislocation interrupts the normal blood circulation to the top of the femur, depriving the bone of its vital oxygen supply. • Unless the dislocated hip is reduced (replaced in its socket) promptly, and normal circulation is restored within the hip joint, there can be permanent damage to the head of the femur. This permanent damage is called avascular necrosis.

  42. Dislocation • January 13, 1991, Bo Jackson partially dislocated his hip, tearing the blood vessels to the neck and head of the femur. • X-rays revealed a small fracture to the posterior of the hip socket. • Four weeks later, scans of the joint showed the beginning of vascular necrosis, in which the bone cells die because of deficient blood supply, and chondrolysis, in which cartilage degenerates. • Eventually Jackson would require a total hip replacement which relieves him of pain and allows him full range of motion.

  43. HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY

  44. Causes 1. Osteoarthritis is perhaps the most common cause for hip replacement surgery. 2. Avascular necrosis is another cause of degeneration of the hip joint.

  45. Causes 3. Abnormalities of hip joint function resulting from fractures of the hip and some types of hip conditions that appear in childhood can also lead to degeneration many years after an injury.

  46. Surgery

  47. Parts • Acetabular component – metal shell with plastic inner socket • Femoral component – metal stem with a metal or ceramic head

  48. Types • Cemented – epoxy cement holds metal to bone

  49. Types • Uncemented – mesh allows bone to grow into the prothesis

  50. Operation

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