Installation of Incinerator Sangster International Airport

1. Installation of IncineratorSangster International Airport Environmental Impact Assessment Presented by Eleanor Jones Environmental Solutions Ltd July 6, 2004

2. THE PROJECT – CONTEXT AND RATIONALE • Purpose built incinerator • East of terminal building& 200 feet south of runway • Covers area of about 650 ft² - compacted marl surface • Requirement of IFC/World Bank/MBJ • Improve Solid Waste Management • Health Implications – international and domestic waste • Control rummaging - Scavengers from outside compound, Bird Hazard

5. The Waste Stream • 2001 Survey • 1680 kg/day – int’l waste • 0.181kg/passenger/day • Combustible fraction – 83%

6. TYPE OF WASTE INTERNATIONAL WASTE % Paper 34.4 Plastic 24.7 Vegetable matter 24.2 Glass 9.0 Metal 7.2 Unclassified 0.5

9. The EIA Approach • Project description • Receiving Environment • Legislative & regulatory Context • Potential Impacts • Mitigation Measures • Analysis of alternatives • Outline Monitoring Plan • Outline Emergency Response Plan

10. PROJECT DESCRIPTION • Scanship Environmental AS and consists of a multichamber incinerator that uses a semi-pyrolitic two stage cumbustion • Main components of the incinerator system consists of a garbage shredder, silo feeding conveyor screw, garbage silo, incinerator, flue gas fan and emission stack

11. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT- PHYSICAL • Short duration torrential downpours characteristic of Montego Bay • Wind direction - diurnal variation • Daytime - from the northeastern sector • Night from southeast

18. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT- BIOLOGICAL • Highly altered ecology – site & situation of airport environment • Site adjacent to highly degraded, isolated wetland – remnant of old coastal vegetation • Robust bird life in wetlands and ponds • Airport site adjacent to Montego Bay Marine Park

19. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT- SOCIAL • Airport environment – visitor population and airport staff. • Communities on northern fringe – Whitehouse, Sandals , • Southern extent – Flankers, mixed commercial establishments, north coast main road

21. TERMS OF REFERENCE – KEY ISSUES • Site preparation and Construction phase • site clearance (burnt garbage) • material sourcing and storage, • dust control, • construction site management, • synergy with on-going expansion work

22. …Key Issues - Operation Phase • Waste collection, sorting,transport, loading • Ash handling and disposal • HazMat • Air dispersion modeling – ambient air quality and public health in the airshed • Occupational Health and Safety issues • Focus on Sox, Nox, particulates(TSP,PM10), PAPS – dioxins and furans • Environmental Monitoring Plan • Emergency Response Plan

23. APPROACH TO STUDY • Multidisciplinary team • Charette style investigation and analysis • Review of existing documentation • Field investigations & analysis • Air dispersion modeling • Public presentation

24. LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS • Local and International • NEPA – Draft air Regs • Public Health • Airport Operations • Waste handling • NSWMA – Ash handling and Landfill guidelines

25. AIR QUALITY SCREENING MODEL • NEPA requirements – Screening • Initial assessment of emission levels and range of dispersion • Compliance with local a/q standards • If compliant – no further modeling • If non-compliant – recommendations for a/q control device(s) • If major disparity – then detailed dispersion modeling

26. SCREENING MODEL • ScreenView Software • Basic Inputs • Emission stack configuration,i.e. height, internal diameter for respective incinerator • Emission characteristics,i.e. flue gas flow rate, temperature • Emission rates of pollutants (USEPA emission factors)

27. Input-Output Flow Chart

28. Parameters Emission Rates, g/s Emission Rates mg/m3 Emission Standards mg/m3 Particulate Matter 0.217 152.5 200 Carbon Monoxide 0.019 13.3 100 Sulphur Dioxide 0.204 143.6 300 Findings

29. Other Parameters – Ambient Air Quality • Nox • HCL • Arsenic • Cadmium • Chromium • Mercury • Nickel • CDD/CDF

30. …Findings • All parameters in compliance with AAQS and PAPs • EXCEPT • Furans • Dioxins REQUIRES Air Pollution Control (APC) Device NAAQG (2x10-8) µg/m3

31. Pollutant Predicted Ambient Impact, ug/m3 (Annual) Uncontrolled 2.35 x 10-6 CDD/CDF (Fabric Filter only) 1.88 x 10-7 CDD/CDF (Dry Sorbent Injection/Fabric Filter) 1.17 x 10-8 Results with APC Installed NAAQG (2x10-8) µg/m3

32. POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION • Air Quality • Solid Waste Management • Public Health and Safety

33. AIRSHED MAP

34. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Dust Emissions from transport & storage of construction materials Covering trucks & material stockpiles Use of dust masks by workers OPERATION PHASE Stack emissions - SOX, NOX PAPs and particulates Model indicates these parameters within acceptable limits. Air pollution control devices - Furans and dioxins comply with the national standards. Scheduled Maintenance & operation IMPACTS & MITIGATION AIRQUALITY ISSUES MITIGATION MEASURES

35. Construction Debris Worker generated waste Separation & storage Removal by certified contractors HazMat handling Training re worker disposal of packaging etc. Chemical toilets & proper disposal IMPACTS AND MITIGATION WASTE MANAGEMENT

36. Operation Collection, transport, sorting, loading of waste to incinerator Ash generation, removal and disposal Scavenging Procedures established NSWMA guidelines – Containerize ash Separate special /medical waste-get NSWMA and Min Health approval for this component Security to guard against scavenging ...WASTE MANAGEMENT

37. ALTERNATIVES • No Action • Not an option • Alternative Incinerator • AAJ selection after due diligence – purpose built to meet specs • Alternative Sites • Disposal Method - • Health guidelines incineration of international waste. • Landfill exposure • Burial on site – impractical

39. MONITORING PLAN • Ensure compliance with relevant legislation, implementation of the mitigation measures and long-term minimization of negative environmental impacts. • Programme of stack emission testing including medium term monitoring provisions. • Comprehensive Waste Management Plan- various aspects of the incinerator operations. •  Include Emergency Response Plan- specific procedures for dealing with natural and man-made emergencies.