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Nepal ICT Policy Challenges and Opportunity

Workshop on ICT Policy in Developing Countries University of Manchester . Nepal ICT Policy Challenges and Opportunity . Ranjan Baral Dipu Murti Bhurtyal Forum for Information Technology (FIT) Nepal 25 th March 2010. Overview. Background Policy Action Plan Key Indicators

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Nepal ICT Policy Challenges and Opportunity

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  1. Workshop on ICT Policy in Developing Countries University of Manchester Nepal ICT Policy Challenges and Opportunity Ranjan Baral Dipu Murti Bhurtyal Forum for Information Technology (FIT) Nepal 25th March 2010

  2. Overview • Background • Policy Action Plan • Key Indicators • Policy Action Plan vs. Results • ICT in Development Context • Challenges • Outcomes • Evaluation • Recommendation

  3. Background • IT policy 2000 • Place Nepal on global IT map • Make IT accessible to general public, creation of knowledge based society/industries • Telecommunication Policy 2004 • To create favourable environment to make the telecommunication service reliable and accessible • eGovernment Master Plan 2005 • Electronic Transaction act 2008 • ADB supported ICT Development Project

  4. Policy Action Plan

  5. Indicators Teledensity : 27.15 Fixed Line : 2.98 Mobile: 23.22 Limited Mobility : 0.95 Internet Subscriber1,34,014* Internet User 1,34,014 *4 Adult Literacy 56.5 Source: Nepal Telecommunication Authority, UN eGov Survey Source :United Nations E-Government Development Knowledge Base 

  6. Policy Action Plan vs. Result

  7. ICT in Development Context The Onion Ring Model Source: Heeks(2005)

  8. Putting Key Challenges into Onion Ring Model Political Instability Infrastructure Human capacity Content Attitude & Culture

  9. Challenge Tree

  10. ICT & Export-led Growth • Opportunity or over-ambition? • Nepal & India comparison • a

  11. Few Good Initiatives: • Language Technology progress (MPP) • Nepali Unicode, Dictionary • NLP & Speech recognition for Nepali language • Localisation of Operating Systems • Localised Information Systems • Above progress propels the Content Development movement, for telecentres and excluded ethnic and minority groups. • Aids in e-Government & many sectors

  12. ICTs in Nepal in Development Perspective • Place of ICT in Tenth five-year National Plan 2002-2007 and three-year interim plan. • Integrating ICT in primary contributing sectors to GDP. • E.g. Tourism, SMEs, Agriculture

  13. Recommendations • Political leaders and top bureaucrats not aware on dynamics and element of knowledge based society. Training on eGovernment, eServices and Knowledge economy. • Target beneficiaries should be involved at the policy formulation stage ( policy always undisclosed material before announced) • Communication between beneficiary and policy implementers is important for monitoring successes. • Policy itself should clearly define the proper independent monitoring ( Important for both implementation and corruption control). • Reduce Time lag between the policy formulation and actual implementation. • ICT less attractive sector within government (unless there is an opportunity of procurement of hardware/services) . Special incentive for ICT workforce within government.

  14. Recommendations... • Key ICT post based on political appointments. Frequent changes in government results in change of leadership. Key post holders always apprehensive about their job. • Ensuring proper responsibility delegation and accountability. People keen to delegate risk. • Most eGov and ICT4D project hardware driven. More emphasis should be given on Process and Service improvements thru the use of ICT. • Focus should be on Quality of Service in Telecom sector. Capacity Building of regulatory body.

  15. Bibliography: • Butt, D. (2005) Internet Governance: Asia-Pacific Perspectives, UNDP-APDIP, Bangkok. • Heeks, R. (2005). Foundations of ICTs in Development: The Onion-Ring Model. DIG eDevelopment Briefings, No.4/2005. Manchester: Institute for Development Policy and Management. Accessed Online Feb 28, 2010 from http://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/idpm/publications/wp/di/short/DIGBriefing4Onion.doc • Heeks, R. (1999) Software strategies in developing countries, IDPM, University of Manchester, Manchester. • ITPF (2002) Policy Recommendation on Electronic Transaction and Digital Signature Act (draft), IT Professional Forum, Kathmandu, Nepal • MoEST (2006) eGovernance Master Plan, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, Kathmandu • MoEST. (2000) Information Technology Policy 2000, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, Kathmandu. • Regmi, S. (2006) ICT, SMEs and Business Development in the Nepalese Context, IT Professional Forum, Kathmandu, ITPF • World Bank (2006) Information and Communication for Development, Trends and Policies, World Bank, Washington, D.C.

  16. Thank You!!!

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