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Comparison – Windows 2000 Professional

Preparing Your Network for Microsoft Windows XP Professional Roll Out David Williams Dixon Support Professional Professional Platform Support Microsoft Corporation Comparison – Windows 2000 Professional Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Professional vs. Windows XP Professional

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Comparison – Windows 2000 Professional

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  1. Preparing Your Network for Microsoft Windows XP Professional Roll OutDavid Williams DixonSupport ProfessionalProfessional Platform SupportMicrosoft Corporation

  2. Comparison – Windows 2000 Professional • Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Professional vs. Windows XP Professional • Windows 2000 Pro minimum requirements are similar to Windows 98

  3. Comparison – Windows XP Professional

  4. Comparison – Windows XP Professional (2) • Different upgrade options from Windows 2000 • Can upgrade to Windows XP only from: • Microsoft Windows NT® 4.0 Workstation • Windows 98/98se/ME • Windows 2000 Professional • Windows XP Home Edition

  5. Upgrading – Recommended Steps • BIOS updates • Can usually be found on the motherboard’s manufacturer’s Web site • Use hardware recommended on the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) • http://www.microsoft.com/hcl/

  6. Application Compatibility • Identify applications your organization uses • Four options to address: • Reinstall after upgrade • Install compatible versions of the applications • Use migration dynamic link libraries • Run the AppCompat tool

  7. Application Compatibility (2) • Description of the AppCompat tool in Windows XP • http://support.microsoft.com/directory/article.asp?ID=KB;EN-US;Q294895 • Application Compatibility Toolkit • http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/nhp/Default.asp?contentid=28000911 • Compatibility Updates available on WindowsUpdate.com • Compatible programs can be found on the Windows Catalog site • http://www.microsoft.com/windows/catalog/

  8. Deployment Options • Bootable CD-ROM • Unattended install • Sysprep • Remote Installation Services (RIS) • Systems Management Server (SMS)

  9. Deployment Options (2)

  10. Deployment Options – Bootable CD • Advantages of a bootable CD • Client doesn’t require network connectivity • Definitely faster than installing over a network • Disadvantages of a bootable CD • Custom images may not fit on CD • Requires a manual installation at each computer

  11. Deployment Options – Unattended • Advantages of unattended • Scripts can save time and money by eliminating the need for administrators to interact with each computer during installation • Automates deployment on numerous machines at once • Disadvantages of unattended • Client computer must be configured with El-Torito No Emulation CD-ROM • Requires creation of a boot floppy to connect to network • Winnt.sif must be available on the floppy disk

  12. Deployment Options – Sysprep • Create an image of Windows XP Professional for deployment • Reference and destination computers must: • Have compatible HALS • Have identical ACPI support • Have drivers available for Plug and Play devices • Deploying MS Windows 2000 Professional and MS Office 2000 Using Sysprep • http://www.microsoft.com/technet/treeview/default.asp?url=/TechNet/prodtechnol/windows2000pro/deploy/depopt/sysprep.asp

  13. Deployment Options – Sysprep (2) • Advantages of Sysprep • Reduces deployment time because both the operating system and other applications can be installed at once • Creates standardized desktops • Minimizes the wait time for Plug and Play • Disadvantages of Sysprep • Cannot be used for upgrades • Original operating system and all data will be wiped off hard drive

  14. Deployment Options – RIS • Remote Installation Services • Allows for a clean install of Windows XP Pro • Simultaneously deploys on multiple clients • Has automated or user required input • Can customize and control end-user input • Can control options with Group Policies • There is no physical media distribution

  15. Deployment Options – RIS (2) • BINL – Boot Information Negotiation Layer • PXE – Preboot Execution Enviroment • Cannot upgrade with RIS • Requires Active Directory™ for client validation

  16. Deployment Options – SMS • Systems Management Server • Automates the upgrading of the operating system on client computers • Manages thousands of client computers with the SMS integrated tools

  17. Deployment Options – SMS (2) • Advantages of Systems Management Server • Upgrades without user intervention • Sets deployment policies • Automatic load balancing between distribution points allows for concurrent upgrades • Centralizes control of upgrades • Disadvantages of Systems Management Server • SMS should already be used on your network before deployment • Can only upgrade Windows-based clients

  18. Name Resolution • DNS – Domain Name Service • WINS – Windows Internet Naming Service • NetBIOS – legacy name to IP resolution • LMHOST – static file used for name resolution typically on older networks, or for remote name resolution

  19. DNS • DNS Server – enables name resolution across a network by answering queries and update requests • DNS client – resolves and caches DNS names; required for locating resources using DNS names

  20. DNS (2) • Active Directory integration • More available name resolution • More reliable name resolution • Secure dynamic update – When a client updates the DNS database, that client becomes the exclusive owner for that record. This prevents any other client or malicious attacker from modifying the records with that name.

  21. DNS (3) • Troubleshooting DNS • NSLookup – use to perform DNS queries and examine the contents of zone files • IPConfig – view DNS client settings, display and flush the resolver cache, force dynamic update client to register its DNS records • Event Viewer – Logs errors with the Windows 2000 operating system, and logs events in DNS service • DNS server errors logged in DNS Server Event Viewer • DNS client errors logged in the system log

  22. DNS (4) • Troubleshooting DNS • DNS log – turn on all logging options on your DNS server in the DNS MMC

  23. DNS (5) • Q291382 – “Frequently Asked Questions About Windows 2000 DNS” • Q298448 – “Windows 2000 DNS and Active Directory Information and Technical Resources” • Q200525 – “Using NSlookup.exe”

  24. WINS • Enables NetBIOS name resolution • WINS server – handles name registration or release requests from WINS clients; responds to name queries from WINS clients • WINS client – queries the WINS server for remote name resolution

  25. Troubleshooting WINS • Check for appropriate records • 1Ch – represents a group entry that contains a list of domain controllers • 1B – contains the address of the primary domain controller or PDC emulator • Use Nbtstat – RR to force release and renew of all NetBIOS services associated with the WINS client

  26. NetBIOS • NetBT – TCP/IP NetBIOS Helper Service • Enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP in the Advanced TCP/IP Settings of your Network Connection in Windows XP

  27. Browsing • Computer browser – maintains a list of computers on your network • Domain master browser – by default, the primary domain controller for a domain is the domain master browser • Collects and maintains the master browse list of available servers for its domain • Distributes and synchronizes the master browse list for master browsers on other subnets that belong to its domain

  28. Browsing (2) • Master browser – collects a list of available network servers in its subnet • Replicates with the domain master browser • Distributes to backup browsers on its subnet • Backup browser – receives a copy of the browse list from the master browser and distributes to other computers upon request

  29. Browsing Troubleshooting • Browstat – used to troubleshoot browsing issues • Example: • “browstat getpdc 1 mydomain” would return the name of the pdc • “browstat status” returns the names of the master browser and the backup browsers • “browstat elect 1 mydomain” to force elections • Q188305 – “Troubleshooting the Microsoft Computer Browser Service” • http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/Articles/q188/3/05.asp

  30. LMHOST • LMHOSTS files were create to assist with remote NetBIOS name resolution • #PRE – added after an entry to cause that entry to be preloaded • #DOM – associates the entry with the domain • #INCLUDE – specifies a centralized LMHOSTS file

  31. LMHOST (2) • Q180094 – “How to Write an LMHOSTS File for Domain Validation and Other Name Resolution Issues” • Create a text file named LMHOSTS and place it in %SystemRoot%\System32\Drivers\Etc • Add the following entries: 10.0.0.1 PDCName #PRE #DOM:Domain-name 10.0.0.1 "Domain-name \0x1b" #PRE

  32. DHCP • DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol • DHCP client – registers and updates IP address and DNS names • DHCP server – allocates IP addresses and allows the configuration of network settings such as DNS, WINS, subnet mask, and default gateway

  33. DHCP (2) • Scope setup – ensure that the scope matches the number of hosts • Scope options – used when specific options apply to only one scope • Server options – used when specific options apply to all scopes

  34. DHCP (3) • Recommended scope options • 3 – router or default gateway • 6 – DNS server • 15 – domain name • 44 – WINS server • 46 – WINS node type

  35. DHCP (4) • Troubleshooting

  36. Joining the Domain • Finding the domain controller • Verify that the correct domain or workgroup is specified • Check for the correct TCP/IP options on the client machine • Ping the domain controller by name or FQDN • Ping by IP address

  37. Joining the Domain (2) • Firewalls must allow specific port traffic across WAN links for joining domain and domain trusts • RPC TCP/135 LDAP TCP/UDP 389 LDAP SSL TCP 636 LDAP GC 3268 LDAP GC SSL 3269 DNS TCP/UDP 53 Kerberos TCP/UDP 88 SMB TCP 445 • Firewalls must allow traffic for domains, and trusts across WAN links

  38. Product Activation • Q302806 – “Description of Microsoft Product Activation” • http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/Articles/q302/8/06.asp • WPA – uses port 80 and 443 • Test your browser for open ports with • http://www.microsoft.com:80 or • https://www.microsoft.com:443

  39. More Information • Get training on Windows XP Professional deployment • http://www.microsoft.com/traincert/offers/2520.asp • White Papers • Deploying Windows XP Part I: Planning • http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/pro/techinfo/deployment/planning/default.asp • Deploying Windows XP Part II: Implementing • http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/pro/techinfo/deployment/implementing/default.asp

  40. More Information (2) • Windows Resource Kits – Web Resources • http://www.microsoft.com/windows/reskits/webresources/ • Windows XP Technical Article Index • http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/pro/techinfo/articleindex.asp

  41. More Information for Service Providers • Windows XP White Papers • http://www.microsoft.com/serviceproviders/whitepapers/winxp.asp • Windows XP Deployment Guides • http://www.microsoft.com/serviceproviders/deployment/winxp.asp • Windows 2000 Deployment Guides • http://www.microsoft.com/serviceproviders/deployment/win2k.asp

  42. Thank you for joining us for Today’s Microsoft Support WebCast For information on all upcoming Support WebCasts and access to the archived content (streaming media, Power Point slides, and transcripts), please visit: http://support.microsoft.com/WebCasts We sincerely appreciate your feedback. Please send any comments or suggestions regarding the Support WebCasts to feedback@microsoft.com. Include Support WebCasts in the subject line

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