Ethics & Robots West and East

1. Ethics & Robots West and East ラファエル・カプーロ http://www.capurro.de/home-jp.html Steinbeis Transfer Institut – Information Ethics (STI-IE) http://sti-ie.de Cybernics University of Tsukuba, Japan http://www.cybernics.tsukuba.ac.jp/index.html September 30, 2009 last update: August 13, 2009

2. Receptionist R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

3. The Tokyo University of Science: Saya R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

4. MechaDroyd Typ C3Business Design, Japan R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

5. Eating R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

6. My Spoon – Secomhttp://www.secom.co.jp/english/myspoon/index.html R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

7. My Spoon – Secom R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

8. Cleaning R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

9. Fuji Heavy Industries/Sumitomo R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

10. Readingby Mark A. Hicks, illustrator R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

11. IPS R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

12. IPS Waseda University R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

13. Entertainmenthttp://www.thepartypups.co/ R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

14. Sony: Aibo R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

15. Football R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

16. RoboCup R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

17. War R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

18. Robotex (Palo Alto, California)by Terry Izumi R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

19. Health carehttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1045100/A-elderly-receiving-basic-NHS-care-campaigners-laws-ageism.html R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

20. Care robot R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

21. Lovehttp://jankcl.wordpress.com/2007/08/12/lovecom-18/ R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

22. EMA (Eternal Maiden Actualization)http://www.fun-on.com/technology_robot_girlfriend.php R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

23. Human-Robot Interaction •  "Robots that look human tend to be a big hit with young children and the elderly," Hiroshi Kobayashi, Tokyo University of Science professor and Saya's developer, said yesterday. "Children even start crying when they are scolded." R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

24. Human-Robot Interaction •  "Simply turning our grandparents over to teams of robots abrogates our society's responsibility to each other, and encourages a loss of touch with reality for this already mentally and physically challenged population," Kobayashi said. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

25. Human-Robot Interaction • Noel Sharkey, robotics expert and professor at the University of Sheffield, believes robots can serve as an educational aid in inspiring interest in science, but they can't replace humans. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

26. Human-Robot Interaction http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/12/content_10995694.htm Kobayashi says Saya is just meant to help people and warns against getting hopes up too high for its possibilities. "The robot has no intelligence. It has no ability to learn. It has no identity," he said. "It is just a tool.„ R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

27. HR-Interaction in Japanhttp://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKT27506220080408 • TOKYO (Reuters) - Robots could fill the jobs of 3.5 million people in grayingJapan by 2025, a thinktank says, helping to avert worker shortages as the country's population shrinks. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

28. HR-Interaction in Japan • Japan faces a 16 percent slide in the size of its workforce by 2030 while the number of elderly will mushroom, the government estimates, raising worries about who will do the work in a country unused to, and unwilling to contemplate, large-scale immigration. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

29. HR-Interaction in Japan • The thinktank, the Machine Industry Memorial Foundation, says robots could help fill the gaps, ranging from microsized capsules that detect lesions to high-tech vacuum cleaners. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

30. HR-Interaction in Japan • Rather than each robot replacing one person, the foundation said in a report that robots could make time for people to focus on more important things.“ R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

31. HR-Interaction in Japan • What kind of „more important things“? This is an ethical question. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

32. HR-Interaction in Japan „Japan could save 2.1 trillion yen ($21 billion) of elderly insurance payments in 2025 by using robots that monitor the health of older people, so they don't have to rely on human nursing care, the foundation said in its report. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

33. HR-Interaction in Japan • What are the consequences for relying on robot nursing? This is an ethical question. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

34. HR-Interaction in Japan • Caregivers would save more than an hour a day if robots helped look after children, older people and did some housework, it added. Robotic duties could include reading books out loud or helping bathe the elderly.“ R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

35. HR-Interaction in Japan • How will children and elderly react to robots taking „care“ of them? This is an ethical question. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

36. HR-Interaction in Japan "Seniors are pushing back their retirement until they are 65 years old, day care centers are being built so that more women can work during the day, and there is a move to increase the quota of foreign laborers. But none of these can beat the shrinking workforce," said Takao Kobayashi, who worked on the study. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

37. HR-Interaction in Japan "Robots are important because they could help in some ways to alleviate such shortage of the labor force." R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

38. HR-Interaction in Japan • How far will they alleviate such shortage of the labor force? And with what consequences? This is an ethical question. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

39. HR-Interaction in Japan Kobayashi said changes was still needed for robots to make a big impact on the workforce. "There's the expensive price tag, the functions of the robots still need to improve, and then there are the mindsets of people," he said. "People need to have the will to use the robots." R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

40. HR-Interaction in Japan The „mindsets of people“: This is THE ethical question! R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

41. Why Ethics of Robots? • Ethics is thinking about human rules of good/bad behavior: • Towards each other • Towards non-human living beings • Towards the environment • Towards artificial products • Towards other societies or nations • Towards the gods R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

42. Why Ethics of Robots? • Robots behave according to rules we program • We are responsible for their behavior • But as they are „autonomous“ they can „decide“ what to do or not in a specific situation • This is the human/robot moral dilemma R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

43. Ethics of Robots: West and East Rougly speaking: • Europe: Deontology (Autonomy, Human Dignity, Privacy, Anthropocentrism): Scepticism with regard to robots • USA (and anglo-saxon tradition): Utilitarian Ethics: will robots make „us“ more happy? • Eastern Tradition (Buddhism): Robots as one more partner in the global interaction of things R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

44. Ethics & Robots: West and East • Morality and Ethics: • Ethics as critical reflection (or problematization) of morality • Ethics is the science of morals as robotics is the science of robots R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

45. Ethics & Robots: West and East • Different ontic or concrete historical moral traditions, for instance • in Japan: Seken (trad. Japanese morality), Shakai (imported Western morality) and Ikai (old animistic tradition) • In the „Far West“: Ethics of the Good (Plato, Aristotle), Christian Ethics, Utilitarian Ethics, Deontological Ethics (Kant) R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

46. Ethics & Robots: West and East • Ontological dimension: Being or (Buddhist) Nothingness as the space of open possibilities that allow us to critizise ontic moralities • Always related to basic moods (like sadness, happiness, astonishment, …) through which the uniqueness of the world and human existence is experienced (differently in different cultures) R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

47. Asimo‘s evolutionhttp://www.rob.cs.tu-bs.de/teaching/courses/seminar/Laufen_Mensch_vs_Roboter/ R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

48. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

49. ありがとうございました。 R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon

50. R. Capurro: Cybernics Salon