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Solar Decathlon

Solar Decathlon University of Colorado wins using TRNSYS Acknowledgements This presentation is based on the following information: Solar Decathlon Website University of Colorado – Boulder website Detailed Simulation report, kindly communicated by Mike Wassmer Presentation Overview

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Solar Decathlon

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  1. Solar Decathlon University of Colorado wins using TRNSYS

  2. Acknowledgements • This presentation is based on the following information: • Solar Decathlon Website • University of Colorado – Boulder website • Detailed Simulation report, kindly communicated by Mike Wassmer

  3. Presentation Overview • The Solar Decathlon • University of Colorado project • BASE+ • Reduced environmental impact • Systems • TRNSYS Simulations • Simulation approach • Energy performance • Other simulation tools

  4. What Is The Solar Decathlon? • Competition to design, build and operate the most effective and efficient solar-powered house • The 3 phases are evaluated! • Self-sufficient (PV system + batteries) • Open to Students from US universities • Some funding from DOE but mostly sponsors • Houses are operated on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. • First assembled in each university • Must be easy to move • No basement

  5. Design and Livability Innovation & aesthetics Presentation & Simulation report Graphics & Communication Web site, newsletters, live tours The Comfort Zone Consumer appeal of HVAC system Performance of HVAC system (T, RH, Energy) Refrigeration Hot Water Shower/Laundry/Dishes Cons. appeal/Performance Energy Balance In/Out Batteries Lighting Innovation, Integration Performance Home Business Office space / equipment Getting Around Extra energy for transportation (elec. car) The 10 contests

  6. The BASE+ Design • Adaptability through a modular approach • Basic Module • constructed from systematized wall, floor, and ceiling components called Structural Insulated Panels (SIP) • Solar Decathlon: 2 Basic modules (bed/bath and office/living areas) • Spec Module • Architectural customization • Solar Decathlon: Kitchen/Entry, high glazing fraction • Tech Pod • Utility module, metal frame

  7. The BASE+ Design • What does it look like?

  8. Building • More an every-day American home than a perfectly designed experimental solar house • Roof is not at the perfect angle for solar cells17.5° and 25° • Not the 70’s “conventional” passive design • Environment-friendly building • Materials • Low embodied energy, sustainably harvested, recycled, recyclable, non-toxic, local suppliers • E.g. fast-growing aspen wood, sheep wool, recycled plastic • Construction • Recycling, reducing waste

  9. Glazing • SouthWall Superglass Quad-TC • Double glazing + 2 suspended films • Krypton-filled • “weightless cavity construction”Same weight as double-pane window • U-Value = 0.57 W/m²/K • Visible transmittance: 52% • SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient): 41% • Glazing area • 21 m², 50% in South façade

  10. Solar Thermal System (DHW only) • Thermal collectors • Evacuated Tubes placed on a flat surface (TechPod roof). Absorber is tilted • 4.4 m², 300 l storage tank • Electrical auxiliary heater 6kW

  11. PV System • AstroPower mono-crystalline Si • 60 m², 7.2 kWc • Electrical System (48V DC) • Maximum Power Point Tracker • Lead-Acid batteries • 4 parallel strings of 8 batteries • 67.2 kWh total storage capacity • Estimated cost: $400 / month • 30 years mortgage, 7% interest

  12. HVAC System • All-electric • Heat-pump • 7kWth • 5kW resistance for peak heating • Ventilation system • Energy Recovery • Temperature • Humidity

  13. TRNSYS Simulation study • 3 independent simulations • Solar Thermal system • Usual SDHW system simulation • Average Draw = 135 l/day • PV System • Batteries were removed (perfect storage) • Space conditioning + Building • Type 56 for building (1 zone) • Different hypotheses on gains (home - home office)

  14. Solar Thermal System Simulation • Parametric studies • Collector area • Location (CO, DC) • Storage tank location • Collector slope

  15. PV System Simulation • Parametric studies • Location (CO, DC) • PV Array Azimuth • PV Array slope

  16. Space Conditioning Simulation

  17. Building model • Type 56 with some simplifications • Tech Pod not modeled • Windows approximated by existing model in US library • Very low infiltration (0.05 ACH) • Simplified shading simulation (lumped windows) • Internal gains: default values for Solar decathlon • Setpoints: • Heating 20.6°C • Auxiliary electrical resistances 21.4°C • Cooling 24.7°C • ERV • Constant effectiveness • Schedule: always ON for home office

  18. Space conditioning results

  19. Other simulations • Early parametric studies • Energy-10 • SIP thickness • Glazing options • Electric lighting design • AGI32 • Solar Shading strategy • Ecotect 5 • Daylighting • Radiance

  20. More information • Solar Decathlon website: http://www.eere.energy.gov/solar_decathlon/ • University of Colorado – Boulder Solar Decathlon Team website http://solar.colorado.edu/

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