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Thinking Critically With Psychological Science. Psychologists use the science of behavior and mental processes to better understand why people think, feel and act as they do.. After watching their favorite team lose a game, Emma and her friends commented to each other about how they had always known the loss was inevitable. Psychologists call this: .
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1. Myers PSYCHOLOGY (9th Edition in Modules) Module 2
Thinking Critically with Psychological Science
3. After watching their favorite team lose a game, Emma and her friends commented to each other about how they had always known the loss was inevitable. Psychologists call this: A. overconfidence.
B. the false consensus effect.
C. the hindsight bias.
D. an illusory correlation.
4. Thinking Critically With Psychological Science Hindsight Bias
we tend to believe, after learning an outcome, that we would have foreseen it
the “I-knew-it-all-along” phenomenon “Anything seems commonplace, once explained.” Dr. Watson to Sherlock Holmes.
Two phenomena – hindsight bias and judgmental overconfidence – illustrate why we cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
“Anything seems commonplace, once explained.” Dr. Watson to Sherlock Holmes.
Two phenomena – hindsight bias and judgmental overconfidence – illustrate why we cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
5. Overconfidence Sometimes we think we know more than we actually know. OBJECTIVE 2| Describe how overconfidence contaminates our everyday judgments.OBJECTIVE 2| Describe how overconfidence contaminates our everyday judgments.
6. Critical Thinking Critical thinking does not accept arguments and conclusions blindly.
It examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence and assesses conclusions. Randi “if I step behind a wall barely taller than I am, you could determine my location from the aura visible above my head” no aura seer agreed to take this simple test.Randi “if I step behind a wall barely taller than I am, you could determine my location from the aura visible above my head” no aura seer agreed to take this simple test.
7. Thinking Critically With Psychological Science Critical Thinking
thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions
examines assumptions
discerns hidden values
evaluates evidence
assesses conclusions
8. The Scientific Method Theory
an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes and predicts observations. Expresses a general idea.
Hypothesis
a testable prediction – a specific statement that we can test.
often implied by a theory