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Reaction of Alkali Metals with Water

Reaction of Alkali Metals with Water . Observations. Li. Na. K. Appear. Shiny / Lustre. Hardness. Soft. Softer. Softest. Behaviour. floats/surface, melts, bubbles/moves/fizz. Flame. Splint. Pop. Nothing. Litmus. Blue/base. 3 p + 4 n 0. 11 p + 12 n 0. 19 p + 20 n 0. 2. 1.

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Reaction of Alkali Metals with Water

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  1. Reaction of Alkali Metals with Water

  2. Observations Li Na K Appear Shiny / Lustre Hardness Soft Softer Softest Behaviour floats/surface, melts, bubbles/moves/fizz Flame Splint Pop Nothing Litmus Blue/base

  3. 3p+ 4n0 11p+ 12n0 19p+ 20n0 2 1 2 8 1 2 8 8 1 Answers to Questions 1-4 • K was most reactive, Li was least. • Li Na K • The outer electron. Because positive and negative charges attract, but this attraction decreases with distance (like magnets). • K was most reactive because it’s outer electron is further away and thus easier to remove. Li is least reactive because its outer electron is closer and harder to remove.

  4. Answers to Questions 5-7 • Rb, Cs, or Fr is more reactive There is not one that is less reactive • Litmus tested for hydroxide A flaming splint tested for hydrogen gas • The K beaker did not react because the hydrogen was already used up

  5. Misconceptions • Electrons are attracted to protons with an electrostatic force, not magnetism or gravity. • K is not more reactive than Li because it has more electrons, it is because it’s outer electron is further from the nucleus. • CO2 is not a product when a metal burns or when H2 burns, only when the original substance contains C. In this case H2 was burning and producing H2O. Excess N2 and no H2 (or O2) can explain the splint going out.

  6. Observations Li Na K Appear Shiny / Lustre (1) Hardness Soft Softer Softest (1) Behaviour floats/surface, melts, bubbles/moves/fizz (3) Flame (1) Splint Pop (1) Nothing (1) Litmus Blue/base (1) Mark: /9

  7. 3p+ 4n0 11p+ 12n0 19p+ 20n0 2 1 2 8 1 2 8 8 1 Answers to Questions 1-4 • K was most reactive, Li was least (1) • Li Na K (1) (1) (1) • The outer electron (1). Because positive and negative charges attract, but this attraction decreases with distance (like magnets). • K was most reactive because it’s outer electron is further away and thus easier to remove. Li is least reactive because its outer electron is closer and harder to remove.(1) /6

  8. Answers to Questions 5-7 • Rb, Cs, or Fr is more reactive (1) There is not one that is less reactive (1) • Litmus tested for hydroxide (1) A flaming splint tested for hydrogen gas (1) • The K beaker did not react because the hydrogen was already used up (1) This slide: /5 Total: /20 For more lessons, visit www.chalkbored.com

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