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Immunogenicity overview of therapeutic biologics
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What is Immunogenicity? The propensity of the therapeutic biologics to generate immune responses Wanted immunogenicity Unwanted immunogenicity
Background of Immunogenicity-APC Antigen presentation T cell epitopes Phagosome Antigen + APC Endosome/lysosome <34 AA peptides Golgi apparatus Endoplasmic reticulum Secrete vesicles MHC II Affinity of peptides and MHC MHC II CD4+T DC-T cell assay Surface of APC Peptide-MHC-II complex
Importance of Immunogenicity in Therapeutic Biologics Development
Importance of Immunogenicity in Therapeutic Biologics Development
Impact of Immunogenicity • Effects on bio-availability EX. 1: first generation therapeutic mAbs • Effect on Safety and Efficacy EX. 2: terminate the development • Effect on PK including potential cross reactivity to endogenous proteins Inhibition of the function of endogenous protein Injection site reactions Systemic reactions mild or life threatening Formation of ADA (HAMA, HACA, HAHA) Formation of neutralizing antibodies Formation of immune complexes Formation of anti-idiotypic antibodies
Immunogenicity Assessment • Strategy-SIAT ®
Immunogenicity Assessment • Strategy - SIAT ® ADA Assay x x x Detect with labeled (e.g. biotinylated drug) Add serum containing Anti-drug antibodies Immoblize drug
Immunogenicity Assessment Strategy - SIAT ® De-immunization Service Locate T cell epitopes 3D model of Fvdomain (of the antibody) Multiple sequence alignmets(of human and murine) Tcell epitopes Compatibility with the 3D structure Replace T cell epitopes Affinity with HLA allotype
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