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Simplify a circuit before applying KCL and/or KVL:. . . . . . . 7 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Equivalent Resistances. R1 = R2 = 3 kWR3 = 6 kW. R4 = R5 = 5 kWR6 = 10 kW. I. R1. R2. R4. R5. R3. R6. Example: Find I.
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1. Circuit w/ Dependent Source Example
3. The Wheatstone Bridge Circuit used to precisely measure resistances in the range from 1 W to 1 MW, with ±0.1% accuracy
R1 and R2 are resistors with known values
R3 is a variable resistor (typically 1 to 11,000W)
Rx is the resistor whose value is to be measured
4. Finding the value of Rx Adjust R3 until there is no current in the detector
Then,
5. Identifying Series and Parallel Combinations
6. Resistive Circuits: Summary Equivalent resistance of k resistors in series:
Req = S Ri = R1 + R2 + ••• + Rk
Equivalent resistance of k resistors in parallel:
Voltage divided between 2 series resistors:
Current divided between 2 parallel resistors:
7. Circuit Analysis Methods …
8. Choose a reference node (“ground”)
Look for the one with the most connections!
Define unknown node voltages
those which are not fixed by voltage sources
Write KCL at each unknown node, expressing current in terms of the node voltages (using the I-V relationships of branch elements)
Special cases: floating voltage sources
Solve the set of independent equations
N equations for N unknown node voltages Node-Voltage Circuit Analysis Method
9. Nodal Analysis: Example #1
11. Nodal Analysis: Example #2
13. Nodal Analysis w/ “Floating Voltage Source”
14. Nodal Analysis: Example #3