Most Often Full Time Gigs

1. Most Often Full Time Gigs

2. Crime Scene Investigator Pam O’Neill

3. Crime Scene Investigator • Process the crime scene by: • Locating items of evidence that pertain to the crime • Documenting the scene (photographs, sketches, and detailed notes) • Collecting evidence for further analysis

4. Education • College degree in general studies, criminal justice, or forensics • Courses in basic computer training, drafting, and photography recommended • Different levels of certification • Level I -- Crime Scene Technician • Level II -- Crime Scene Analyst • Level III -- Senior Crime Scene Analyst.

5. Responsibilities • Processes all evidence at the scene and distributes for proper analysis

6. Criminalistics

7. A Criminalist Job Description • Analyze, compare, identify & interpret physical evidence • Identify evidence & link: • Suspect • Victim • crime scene • …through the physical evidence

8. Education • Bachelor’s in chemistry, biology, physics, molecular biology or a related science • Can be general or get into many specialties like: • Hair & fibers • DNA • Glass • Fingerprints

9. Forensic Laboratory Director Drake Kelley

10. Forensic Laboratory Director • Job Description: • Plan and direct the work of others working in the lab as well as instructing them in their duties • Also must be effective in dealing with governmental officials and the general public in order to establish and maintain effective working relationships

11. Forensic Laboratory Director • Knowledge and Education Required: • Must have at least a bachelor’s degree in a physical/natural science. • Most directors intern for little or no pay to gain their experience • Chemistry, physics, and mechanics • Criminal court procedures and practices • State, federal, and local criminal laws • Budget management and leadership experience

12. Forensic Laboratory Director • Examples of work: • Plan, organize, and direct the crime lab • Develop and administer a budget for the lab • Assure compliance with operating standards in the lab • Source: State of MN Job Class Specifications

13. Forensic Toxicology Amie Barber

14. What is Forensic Toxicology?? • In simplest terms, Forensic Toxicology looks at everything pertaining to any toxins or poisons that may have legal significance. • Three main areas: Postmortem Drug Testing, Workplace Drug Testing, & Investigation of Contraband Materials. • Toxicologists use blood, urine, gastric contents, bile & liver, & hair as specimens for testing.

15. I need an Education! • Forensic Toxicologists need many of the things found vital within any Forensic field: • a bachelor's degree — SCIENCE, chemistry, biology, math, English composition • good speaking skills - take public speaking, join the drama club,  the soccer team, or the debate team • good note-taking skill • the ability to write an understandable scientific reports • intellectual curiosity

16. Crime Scene • The evidence from the crime scene would be anything from blood, in which a blood test can be performed, to hair, where a forensic toxicologist can tell a whole persons’ lies, or truths. • Pretty much any bodily fluids can be used in order to determine whether justice is being served or not.

17. Forensic Pathologist Chris Lyle

18. Forensic Pathologist • WHAT DO THEY DO? • A PATHOLOGIST IS USED TO INVESTIGATE THE DEATHS OF PEOPLE WHO DIE SUDDENLY OR UNEXPECTEDLY OR AS A RESULT OF INJURY, THEY ALSO EXAMINE CRIME SCENES, PERFORM AUTOPSIES, AND MUCH MORE • THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF PATHOLOGISTS – • ANATOMIC PATHOLOGISTS: PERFORM AUTOPSIES AND EXAMINE TISSUES THROUGH MICROSCOPES • CLINICAL PATHOLOGISTS: MANAGE LABORATORIES WHERE BODY FLUIDS ARE TESTED, MANY PATHOLOGIST WORK IN HOSPITALS.

19. Education Needed • MEDICAL SCHOOL: 1ST REQUIREMENT ….4 YEARS • $25,000 TUITION / YEAR • POSTGRADUATE TRAINING IN PATHOLOGY: AT LEAST 4 MORE YEARS OF POSTMEDICAL SCHOOL TRAINING SALARY OF $20,000 PER YEAR OF TRAINING • ADDITIONAL FORENSIC PATHOLOGY TRAINING: • ONE MORE YEAR OF TRAINING IS REQUIRED AFTER COMPLETION OF POST-GRAD TRAINING….. SALARY OF $50,000 PER YEAR • UPON COMPLETION OF TRAINING PATHOLOGIST MUST PASS A 2 TO 3 DAY EXAMINATION TO BECOME CERTIFIED. • (ROUGHLY 500 FORENSIC PATHOLOGISTS PRACTICE IN THE USA)

20. Example • IN DEALING WITH A SUPSECTED CHILD ABUSE CASE…. • A DISSECTION OF THE VICTIIM’S NECK WOULD BE PERFORMED TO SHOW INJURY TO MUSCLES, LIGAMENTS, AND SPINAL CORD. ALSO INCISIONS WOULD BE MADE TO DEMONSTRATE BRUISES THAT DO NOT SHOW UP EXTERNALLY.

21. Full time…Part time???

22. Forensic Document Examiner Jessica Cabellaro

23. Forensic Document Examiners • To examine documents and related materials to discover what was used to create the document, and most importantly, what could have been used to alter it.

24. Forensic Document Examiners • Education: Bachelor’s Degree in a Science • No degree program available in the US; Usually part of criminal justice or forensic science degree programs • 2 Year apprenticeship is often required under a member of the American Board of Forensic Document Examiners

25. Forensic Document Examiners • Some cases handled by Forensic Document Examiners involve the study of pens, papers, handwriting analysis and other materials used to create documents in order to answer questions involving authenticity. • Think Catch Me If You Can

26. Forensic Computer Science & Digital Evidence Examination Danny Ellison

27. Forensic Computer Science Digital Evidence Examination • What a forensic computer scientist does is recover evidence used for a crime that has been erased or deleted from the suspects computer. • That information is stored somewhere when it is deleted it just isn’t erased permanently. • It is stored in the archives of the computer and this forensic department deals with this.

28. Education • Start with attending the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC). • Train and gain the valuable skills in order to pass the certification program for The International Association of Computer Investigation Specialists (IACIS). • This association is by far the largest association for computer investigation specialists and the one the government uses to gather the individuals to collect the digital evidence and then analyze the information collected.

29. Evidence from a crime • A typical scenario would play out something like this example: • A man who is writing love emails to a woman who in turn he is having an affair with. • His wife finds out about the emails and confronts the man with the evidence. • The man so embarrassed about getting caught decides to write the woman he is having an affair with that he plans on killing her by making it look like a suicide. He does this by cutting the brake lines on her car so she can’t stop and dies. • The man not wanting to be a suspect deletes all of his emails and tells the woman to stop writing for awhile. While he has deleted the email a forensic computer scientist can recover these emails and then prove the motive and the case.

30. Forensic Engineering Meghann Carreiro

31. Forensic Engineering • A quick description of the career: • A Forensic Engineer is responsible for answering the following three questions: • What happened? • Why did it happen? • How could it have been prevented? • They ultimately reconstruct the crime scene like a puzzle applying engineering principles. • After an accident, a Forensic Engineer would examine all broken parts and construct a list of probable failure mechanisms to be investigated. They will also conduct interviews to determine a sequence of events. • Following this, their drawings, specifications, and operational procedures are reviewed and then the final step is to use analytical and testing tools to confirm their findings.

32. Education Needed: • A Forensic Engineer must have mastered the basic technical skills of engineering in addition to being very knowledgeable in the codes and industry standards relating to construction, manufacturing and selling products. • Along with the Engineering degree, they also usually specialize in electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, materials engineering and traffic engineering. • An ideal Forensic Engineer candidate will have: • A good honors degree in a scientific or engineering discipline • Post-graduate experience in a technical role involving on-site experience • A willingness to relocate • The ability to communicate clearly both orally and in writing Meghann Carreiro

33. Example • After a automobile accident a Forensic Engineer would examine all broken parts of the cars involved and also examine all available evidence, including eyewitness accounts. • Then, they will try to piece together a sequence of events and generate a time line leading to the accident. • Should they need to defend their findings in court as an expert witness, then they would also proceed to do so. • * The work is much like that of a crime scene examiner but with fewer bodies and better hours and generally much higher pay. Meghann Carreiro

34. Most Often Part Time Gigs

35. Forensic Nursing Grant Jordan

36. What is Forensic Nursing? • By definition, Forensic Nursing is the application of forensic science combined with the biological and psychological education of the registered nurse in the scientific investigation evidence collection and preservation, analysis, prevention, and treatment of trauma and death-related medical issues.

37. Education needed • Some nursing jobs may be acquired after short training courses, in order to achieve greater responsibility further training, on the job experience as well as advance degrees in nursing or forensic science are needed.

38. What does a forensic nurse do? • There are several different jobs with in the realm or forensic nursing depending on the subspecialty of the nurse. However, in summary a forensic nursecollects evidence. initiates chain of custody as well as begins the process of documentation. • Other jobs of forensic nurse specialist: • Forensic nurse photographer prepares photographs for use in the courtroom. • A forensic psychiatric nurse deals with individuals who have court ordered psychiatric evaluations. They asses evaluate and plan treatment for these individuals. • Forensic nurse reconstructionist specialize in recreating crime scenes and accidents based on the mechanism of injury

39. Forensic Anthropologist Dem bones Scott Wilkie

40. Career Description • 3 focuses of career 1) Identifying victim or providing a biological profile – age, sex, stature, individual features… 2) Reconstructing postmortem features based on condition of remains/recovery context 3) Providing data regarding death event including evidence of trauma

41. Other Parts of Career • Forensic anthropologists are sometimes consultants to medical examiners, coroners, and law enforcement officials • They also are frequently asked to testify in court

42. Education • Governing body is the American Board of Forensic Anthropology (ABFA) • To join the board: • PHD in physical anthropology • Minimum 3 years of postdoctorate practice in forensics • Pass a rigorous written and practice exam • Only 60-70 in USA

43. Evidence • Recover bones from a crime scene • Once recovered, process these bones • Examine the skull to obtain a dental record and a facial re-creation • Collect evidence about the person’s racial/cultural background to create a biological profile

44. Forensic Taphonomy Zach Hasenyager

45. What is it? • Study of the history of a body after death • Affects estimates of time since death, ID of the body, and ability to determine cause and manner of death • Examines the decomposition of a body after death from individual, cultural, and environmental factors. Forensic Taphonomy

46. Education Needed Forensic Taphonomy is very broad Archaeology/Biology/Earth Sciences are all useful Forensic Taphonomy

47. Types of Evidence Taphonomic Evidence -Individual factors -Age, sex, body weight, properties of bones, cause of death -Cultural factors -Burial Practices -Allterations due to unusual circumstances -War -Environmental factors -Temperature-Higher temps. Means more decomposition -Moisture Content -pH levels -Properties in the soil Forensic Taphonomy

48. Forensic Entomology Maria Andrews

49. Forensic Entomology • Entomology: the study of insects. • Forensic Entomology: the study of insects associated with a dead body. • After 72 hours, entomological evidence is the most accurate, and often the only way to determine the time since death. • Can be used to determine if body has been moved after death, whether it was disturbed, the presence of position of wound sites, and whether the victim used drugs or was poisoned. • Do NOT work fulltime in a crime lab, but mostly in research and teaching (most are research scientists)

50. Education Needed • B.Sc. In biology, zoology, or entomology • Followed by an M.Sc. and Ph.D. in entomology, preferably in forensic entomology, insect ecology, and taxonomy. • Five years in case work are required following the Ph.D. • Most active forensic entomologists are university professors, and conduct ongoing research.