Concerned about tourism? Try these websites – tourismconcern.uk/ conserveonline/workspaces/tncecotourismprogram/publica

1. Concerned about tourism? Try these websites – www.tourismconcern.org.uk/ http://conserveonline.org/workspaces/tncecotourismprogram/publications http://www.sustainabletourism.net/ “I researched some other websites that investigate the impacts of tourism and sustainable tourism. Someone using my website would want links to these.” Pupil X 4 3 Find out more on this website- Summary – Kenya and tourism Glossary – useful words 1 “I selected four places across Kenya that give a good variety of destinations for tourists. The issues in each place are also different.” Pupil ‘quote’ 2 “I wanted the front page to be a map, but also wanted people to be able to get to other sections easily” Click on a location’s number for information about tourism there

2. Home Location – Masai Mara National Park – South West Kenya Tourist attractions – Tourist attractions of the Masai Mara mainly involve something to do with the animals, especially the ‘Big Five’ (lions, leopards, rhinos, elephants and buffalo). Most tourists go on a safari around the park for the day. Some pay to live with the Masai tribe for a week and experience the wildlife in a completely different way, whilst experiencing their culture. Map of Area- Positive impacts of tourism on the area- The main positive impact of tourism in the Masai Mara is that tourists bring in money, which has several different effects. International tourists buy souvenirs, food etc. that supports the local economy and helps local people make a living. Also, because of this money coming in the government want to preserve the park and the animals to protect the money that is generated from the tourism. So tourism helps conservation because the wildlife is valuable to local people and the Kenyan government. Images – Negative Impacts of tourism on the area- Whilst on safari tourists can create a lot of damage by disturbing the wildlife. With nearly 200,000 visitors a year, vehicle pollution and erosion can be a problem. Another problem is created when tourists take pictures of the Masai without their permission, which invades their privacy and possibly annoys them. Few tourists stay with the tribe, so the Masai earn very little money from tourism. “I decided to give each location a set of scores to help the reader decide which place they might visit” How can the negative impacts of tourism on the area be managed? – To cut down on negative impacts the government could enforce the safari vehicles to stick to a trail, so as not to disturb as many animals and to make the area that’s polluted smaller. This would leave large areas just for wildlife reserves. We can as tourists stay in the area, perhaps with the Masai, or at least ask people for their permission before we take any pictures of them. The government could make tourists aware of their impact through a campaign and by forcing tourists to use approved guides and trails. Popularity? 10 Reliance on tourism? 7 Changed due to tourism? 3 Ecotourism potential? 10 (Scores - 10 = yes, very, 1 = no, not at all)

3. Home Location – Mombasa – South Coast of Kenya Tourist attractions – sunny tropical beaches with a warm sea. With temperatures that reaches up to 28oC it is one of the hottest places along the coast. There are many hotels to choose from and enough to suit most tourist needs. One of the main reasons tourists come here are the beautiful coral reefs. Mombasa has 680,000 visitors a year and gives them everything they need and want on holiday. Map of Area- Positive Impacts of tourism on the area - many jobs in Mombasa are there only because of the tourist market, so more people are able to earn a living because of tourism. Tourist income is then spent on improving services and education so tourism is helping places like Mombasa to become more developed with a better life for its people. Images – Negative Impacts of tourism on the area- Some tourists dive carelessly or illegally and destroy the coral reef. Also tourists can disregard the Kenyan peoples’ beliefs by unknowingly dressing in a certain way that offends them. For Kenyans who make a living from tourism, their jobs may be seasonal and depend on the numbers of people visiting. For other people, the prices of things can go up because tourists buy so many goods. Big companies own the large hotels so the money can ‘leak’ out from the country and go abroad. How can the negative impacts of tourism on the area be managed? – The Kenyan government could run a campaign for tourists to educate them about the culture and beliefs. The city could put up signs of things not to wear or do. They could have a local tourist tax so that even people visiting on cruise ships or in big hotels contribute money towards schools and hospitals for the people of Mombasa. Popularity? 7 Reliance on tourism? 8 Changed due to tourism? 9 Ecotourism potential? 5 (Scores - 10 = yes, very, 1 = no, not at all)

4. Home Location – Mt. Kenya – Central Kenya (North of Nairobi) Tourist attractions – Mt Kenya is the highest mountain in Kenya, standing at 5199 metres. With 11 endemic species this is a place for nature lovers. There are opportunities to clime to the summit of the mountain and for an experienced trekker this takes 3 to 5 days. Map of Area- Mt. Kenya Positive Impacts of tourism on the area- The money that is used to pay for the trek (hiring the tour guides, etc.) can be spent on preserving the trail and wildlife on the mountain. Transport links have been improved to get tourists there which helps getting to other rural places as well. Negative Impacts of tourism on the area- Tourism can damage the wildlife by disturbing animals and birds or though walkers dropping litter. Walkers also cause footpath erosion. The amount of pollution is increased as more people come by car to the mountain due to the improved roads. Not all climbers hire local guides at good rates, as people want to save money. The guides are kept away from their families for a long time as they spend so much time on the mountain. Images – How can the negative impacts of tourism on the area be managed? – The negative effects could be reduced by encouraging trekkers to meet up outside the area and travel together to reduce their impact. A well-paid guide should be needed to enter the area. The guides would then be able to stop tourists littering or disturbing animals whilst on the way to the top. Eco-tourism (tourism that considers the environmental impact) could be encouraged instead of mass tourism by mass advertising at Nature Reserves rather than a football match. Popularity? 9 Reliance on tourism? 1 Changed due to tourism? 1 Ecotourism potential? 9 (Scores - 10 = yes, very, 1 = no, not at all)

5. Home Location – Lake Turkana - North Kenya Tourist attractions – The main attraction of Lake Turkana is the wide range of wildlife including fish, birds, reptiles and mammals. Lake Turkana is different to most different lakes, being a desert lake, but it has no connection to any sea, river or other lake. Map of Area- Lake Turkana Positive Impacts of tourism on the area- Lake Turkana will brings in wildlife lovers that spend money and support and the people that work there. As it is situated in a more desolate area the government will want to improve the road connections to the Lake which will not only help the people travelling there. Images – Negative Impacts of tourism on the area- People will pollute in order to get to the Lake as it is most likely they will be staying further away e.g. in Nairobi. Whilst there they may disturb the animals and get closer to them than they should which could be unhealthy for the animals. How can the negative impacts of tourism on the area be managed? – The government and local people could manage the negative effects by making Lake Turkana an exclusive resort for wildlife lovers. They could create a small eco-resort and charge high prices. They could enforce the tourists to not disturb the birds and animals by building viewing platforms and if tourists wanted to get close they would have to go with someone who works at the park. The numbers would be kept very small. Popularity? 5 Reliance on tourism? 4 Changed due to tourism? 3 Ecotourism potential? 8 (Scores - 10 = yes, very, 1 = no, not at all)

6. Home • Top ten key words linked to tourism in Kenya- • Eco-Tourism – A eco-friendly way of going on holiday • Leakage – Money that has ‘leaked’ out of the country through a company owned abroad • Mass Tourism – Where everyone goes on holiday their not just a target audience • Pollution – How the planet is ‘destroyed’ because of humans • Preserve – To try and keep something as it is • Sustainable – Something that can keep on going without outside resources • Impact – Something that makes a change to something else • Facilities – Something that people need and use • Knock-on effect – An effect that makes something else happen • Amenities – Things that you need to survive (electricity and water etc.) The main conflicts of tourism in Kenya are how tourists sometimes takes priority over locals. An example of this is how prices in Mombasa inflate due to tourists who have a lot more money than the locals. Another example is the Masai Mara, where the tribes people get little money from tourism but have to protect themselves from the wildlife. Because of things like this, the locals may become angry. Tourism can help Kenya become more developed and reach the highest possible standard. If too many people visit the same places (e.g. the ones on this website) the quality of living and the environment goes down. So Kenya needs to be able to attract people, but manage the numbers to keep standards up. It needs to make the tourist resorts sustainable, so to do this they need to manage the amount of people and come up with a long term plan. I think Kenya can develop from tourism, but I think that they have to control the amount of people coming in otherwise the local people won’t be able to afford to live. I think they should still have tourism as it can be a good source of money to develop the country. I think that the should still use agriculture and exporting (diversifying the economy) to bring in money as tourism can’t support a whole country. “I decided to include some glossary words so that someone using this website would learn more about tourism and its impacts”