Bloodborne Pathogens

1. Bloodborne Pathogens An overview of OSHA regulations and UNI procedures University of Northern Iowa EH&S Training Program Wellness Resource Lab

2. Web Based Training was Created for UNI Employees with the Intent to: • Expand awareness of existing environmental, health and safety policies/procedures • Provide information to assist in evaluating and improving each work environment • Assist in determining the need for more advanced training

3. Is that blood on the floor? I must tell someone!

4. Topics Covered • Transmission of Potentially Infectious Materials • Common Bloodborne Diseases • Personal Protective Equipment • Controlling Potentially Infectious Materials • Labeling Potentially Infectious Materials • Exposure Control Plan

5. Who needs this training? • Any employee or student who may be occupationally exposed to blood and other potentially infectious materials at the University of Northern Iowa

6. Definition Bloodborne Pathogens are classified as anything that contains human blood, blood products, or blood components

7. TRANSMISSION OF POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS HUMAN BODY FLUIDS

8. Saliva in dental procedures Semen and vaginal secretions Cerebrospinal, synovial, pleural, pericardial, peritoneal, and amniotic fluids Body fluids visibly contaminated with blood HIV-containing cell or tissue cultures and HIV or HBV-containing culture mediums or other solutions Potentially Infectious Human Body Fluids Include:

9. Modes of Transmission for Bloodborne Pathogens • Any form of broken skin, which includes: • Abrasions • Blisters • Burns • Cuts • Eyes, nose, mouth • Punctures from sharp objects

10. Transmission Bloodborne Pathogens are not passed through the air like cold and flu germs. They are most commonly transmitted by: • Accidental puncture of skin by sharp contaminated objects • Contact of broken skin • Contact of mucous membrane and body fluids

11. COMMONBLOODBORNE DISEASES

12. Universal Precautions The single most important measure to prevent transmission of HBV and HIV is to treat all human blood and other potentially infectious materials AS IF THEY ARE infected with HBV and HIV.

13. Bloodborne Diseases: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome • Over 1 million Americans have AIDS • The individual’s immune system is depleted • If infected, he or she may not have symptoms for years • There is no cure or vaccination but there are treatment options available to prolong an individual’s life

14. Bloodborne Diseases: Hepatitis B • The most common is a serious liver infection • Over 12 million people in the U.S. are infected • Up to 100,000 new people will be infected each year • If infected, one may or may not have symptoms • Symptoms may feel like the flu • Effects can be acute or chronic • Can be treated if detected early • Vaccination is available

15. Bloodborne Diseases: Hepatitis C • Over 3.9 million Americans have been infected. • There are approximately 25,000 new cases per year. • Chronic infection usually results in chronic liver disease. With about 5,000 deaths per year. • Infected individuals usually show no symptoms. • It is treatable if detected early. • There is no vaccination available.

16. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

17. #1 Method of Control Personal protective equipment must be used throughout the duration of bloodborne pathogen exposure It is essential to have a barrier between you and the potentially infectious material.

18. Equipment includes: latex, rubber or vinyl gloves gowns laboratory coats face shields or masks eye protection Personal Protective Equipment Protective barriers are intended to prevent blood or other potentially infectious materials from passing through to worker’s clothing, skin, or mucous membranes.

19. Inspect for defects before use Remove gloves and wash hands if gloves have become contaminated Do not snap gloves when removing them Grasp gloves at the wrist and pull off, inside out Discard in biohazard waste container Always wash hands after removing gloves Never reuse disposable gloves When Using Protective Gloves

20. Disposal of Personal Protective Equipment • Remove all personal protective equipment immediately after contamination or leaving the work area • Place all personal protective equipment in an appropriately designated area or container for storing, washing, decontaminating, or discarding • Replace disposable, gloves as soon as possible when contaminated or if torn, punctured, or barrier function is compromised • Do not reuse disposable gloves

21. CONTROLLING POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS MATERIALS

22. Methods of Control Engineering Controls: • Discard contaminated items like needles, broken glass, scalpels, or other sharp items, in puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers, color-coded red or labeled, according to the standard • Use puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers, color-coded red or labeled to store contaminated reusable sharps until they are properly reprocessed • Store and process reusable contaminated equipment that ensures safe handling • Use puncture-resistant, leak-proof containers to collect, handle, process, store, transport, or ship blood specimens and potentially infectious materials. Label these specimens if shipped outside the facility

23. Methods of Control(cont.) Workplace Controls: • As soon as gloves are removed, wash hands to prevent any contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials. • If exposure to the eye has occurred, use an eye wash immediately. • Unless required to do so by specific medical procedures or the employer, do not bend, recap, or remove contaminated needles.

24. Methods of Control(cont.) Workplace Controls: • Do not eat, drink, smoke, apply cosmetics, or handle contact lenses in areas of potential bloodborne pathogen exposure • Do not store food or drink in refrigerators or on shelves where blood or potentially infectious materials are present • Disinfect area as soon as work is complete • Use plastic instead of glass when available

25. LABELING POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS MATERIALS

26. Labels and Marking Systems Every discarded bloodborne pathogen must be placed in a container with either of these labels attached.

27. Labels and Marking Systems • Universal Biohazard labels should be on all containers that are holding biohazard materials. • Doors or areas where biohazard material is stored should also be labeled. • Red bags may also be used to indicate the storage of biohazard materials.

28. EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN

29. Clean up of blood spills will be done by custodians only.

30. Decontamination Anything that comes in contact with blood or other biohazard materials must be disinfected before reuse or discarded appropriately

31. UNI Exposure Control Plan • Documentation • Accurate records must be kept of each department’s written exposure control plan at UNI • Employee training must also be recorded • Review • Each plan must be reviewed and updated annually to address university changes • Information • Go tohttp://www.vpaf.uni.edu/ehso/programs/bloodborne2009.pdf to view the UNI Physical Plant’s Exposure Control Plan

32. Reporting of Exposure Incidents Employee informs supervisor Departmental exposure control plan in effect Incident occurs Supervisor collects all necessary information for reports Supervisor provides copy of the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard to employee before he/she goes to the hospital Documentation of the incident using a “post exposure incident confidential record” is recorded For example, a Physical Plant employee will contact his/her direct supervisor who will then contact the Safety Manager who will make arrangements to get the employee to Sartori Hospital.

33. Post-Exposure Evaluation and Follow-up • Documentation of the route of exposure and circumstances related to the incident • Identification of the potential source individual and status • Results of testing the source individual will be made available to the exposed employee • Employee will be offered the option of having their blood collected for testing. Blood will be kept on hand for 90 days then disposed of properly • Employee will be offered post exposure prophylaxis in accordance with current U.S. Public Health Services recommendations • Employee will be provided appropriate counseling

34. Training Requirements • Initial Training • Anyone who may be introduced to an area where occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens may occur at UNI • Annual Refresher Training • Required every 12 months to refresh the details of bloodborne pathogen exposure procedures at UNI

35. Additional Training or Information Contact: The Environmental Health and Safety Office at 273-7269 The Wellness Resource Lab at 273-6119 Or Email: Joan Thompson joan.thompson@uni.edu Wendel Reece wendel.reece@uni.edu