A1) Real time electricity display

1. A1) Real time electricity display Real time electricity display How does it work? • Tells you how much electricity you are using in real time in watts and £. • Can tell you cumulative electricity costs and graph use over time • Uses a clip on the meter cable to measure electricity use – in future will be remotely linked to your smart meter. How do I get one? • Get in touch with your energy supplier – some provide them free with certain tariffs • Buy one online • In due course, they may be provided in England, Wales and Scotland (and possibly in N Ireland) by suppliers as part of smart metering. 1

2. A1) Real time electricity display How much will it cost? From zero to £100 at the moment, typically £30 if purchased May be provided free as part of smart metering roll-out (likely to start in around 2012) Could save you up to 5 per cent off your bill by reducing waste What do I need? You need to put a transmitter on your electricity meter cable And plug in your display You can also connect it to your PC for more analysis of your electricity use 2

3. A2) Heating controls Heating controls How does it work? • A thermostat switches off the boiler when the room is warm enough • Radiator controls allow you to change heating requirements for each room • A programmer can set when the heating is on or off How do I get one? • From a plumber • From a DIY store 3

4. A2) Heating controls How much will it cost? From £100 - £200, depending on what controls are already installed Could save up to 5% of your heating bill by better control of heating and boiler efficiency What do I need? You need a plumber to install thermostatic radiator controls You need an electrician or qualified plumber to install programmable boiler controls 4

5. A3) Smart meters Smart meters How does it work? • In future, gas and electricity meters will “talk” to your energy supplier, so they can provide: • entirely accurate bills • real-time feedback when combined with a display unit • tailored energy advice and products to households; • tariffs that vary according to the time of day. How do I get one? • Smart meters will be rolled out in England, Wales and Scotland (and possibly N Ireland) to all consumers by the end of 2020, starting in a couple of years time. • One small energy supplier already offers smart meters with services such as on-line analysis. 5

6. A3) Smart meters How much will it cost? Will be provided free as part of the national smart metering roll-out (likely to start around 2012). Could save you between 1 and 4 per cent off your bill by enabling you to reduce waste, and give you other services What do I need? Smart meters will simply replace the existing meters in your home or outside meter cupboard, and be installed by your supplier Other services, such as improved bills, targeted advice and new tariffs will be developed by suppliers and offered to customers 6

7. A4) Cavity wall insulation Cavity Wall Insulation How does it work? • In most houses built after the 1920s, the external walls are made of two layers with a small air gap or 'cavity' between them which means a considerable amount of heat is lost outside • Filling the gap with an insulating material hugely decreases the amount of heat which escapes through the walls and helps prevent condensation. How do I get it installed? • Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust or your energy supplier to find a registered installer • They survey your house, agree a quote and do the work

8. A4) Cavity wall insulation How much will it cost? Between £200 and £500 £160 per year and 400kg CO2, if you have gas central heating – save up to twice this much if your central heating is electric What do I need? You need to have a house that has a cavity wall, these are properties typically built between 1930 and 1990. It is installed for you in around 2 to 3 hours and once it is installed, you don’t need to do anything except reap the benefits!

9. A5) Solid wall insulation, external External Insulation How does it work? • A decorative weather-proof insulating treatment is added to the outside of your wall. • The insulation needs to be between 50 and 100mm thick • Helps stop heat being lost from your home and helps prevent condensation How do I get it installed? • Get in touch with your energy supply company or the Energy Saving Trust to find a registered installer • They survey your house, agree a quote and do the work

10. A5) Solid wall insulation, external How much will it cost? Around £5,600. More depending on your home. Less if you are already having work done to your house. Save around £500 per year on energy bills and over 2 tonnes of CO2 per year What do I need? The desire to save money and CO2 emissions is all you need, as well as the finances to install it. If you are doing external renovations or repairs it can be a perfect time to insulate the outside walls especially as it should save you money in the long term.

11. A6) Solid wall insulation, internal Internal Insulation How does it work? • Insulation/plaster board laminates are fitted directly to the inside of your wall. The thicker the board the better the insulation. They reduce the amount of heat that would otherwise pass through your walls and outside • The boards usually consist of plasterboard backed with insulating material with a total thickness of 90mm How do I get it installed? • Get in touch with your energy supply company or the Energy Saving Trust to find a registered installer • They survey your house, agree a quote and do the work

12. A6) Solid wall insulation, internal What do I need? The desire to save money and the finances to get it installed.Willingness to deal with the disruption as it involves relocation of power sockets and light switches. Your insulated room will get slightly smaller, but only external walls are done. How much will it cost? Around £3,500 (more depending on your home) You could save around £470 on energy bills and over 2 tonnes of CO2 per year

13. A7) Underfloor insulation Underfloor Insulation How does it work? • Timber floors can be insulated by lifting the floorboards and laying mineral wool insulation supported by netting between the joists. • You can also use a tube sealant, such as silicon to fill gaps between floorboards and skirting boards to stop draughts How do I get it installed? • This can be an affordable DIY project and you can get all the materials and advice you need from your local DIY store • Alternatively you can contact your energy supplier for contact details of a suitable installer

14. A7) Underfloor insulation What do I need? You need to be able to access your under-floor area, typically by lifting up your floorboards. This can be a DIY project therefore you need to go to your local DIY store to purchase the materials and get advice Or you can pay a professional installer How much will it cost? Around £20 to seal gaps and around £90 to insulate the floorboards if you do it yourself. Professional installation will cost more. Save around £75 on energy bills and 200 kg of CO2 per year if you seal gaps and insulate your floor

15. A8) Loft insulation Loft Insulation How does it work? • It acts as a blanket, trapping heat rising from the house below. You should also consider lagging your pipes at the same time for optimum efficiency • Some properties already have some loft insulation but you could increase this level to the optimal 300mm to further reduce your energy bills. How do I get one? • This can be an affordable DIY project and you can get all the materials and advice you need from your local DIY store • Alternatively you can contact your energy supplier for contact details of a suitable installer

16. A8) Loft insulation What do I need? This can be a DIY project or you can pay a professional installer who will do everything for you!You loose storage space unless you elevate the rafters which is more hassle In both instances you will need to empty your loft of its contents before the installation can be laid. How much will it cost? Around £500. Save from £80-£150 on energy bills and 80+kg of CO2 per year. The cost and savings for top up insulation would be lower.

17. A9) Double glazing Double Glazing How does it work? • It traps air between two panes of glass creating an insulating barrier that reduces heat loss, noise and condensation How do I get one? • Contact your energy supplier or the Energy Saving Trust and they can recommend a approved installer • They come and survey your house, agree a quote then complete the work

18. A9) Double glazing How much will it cost? Greatly depends on the size of your house, and how many windows you wish to fit double glazed panes into – but expect to pay several thousand pounds for it. (You can choose to only double glaze certain windows) Save up to £140 on energy bills and 720kg of CO2 per year What do I need? You will need to live in a property where you hold the freehold and can make changes to its external appearance. Always look for the Energy Saving Recommended logo when choosing your windows as they are the most energy efficient

19. A10) Renewable heat system replaces your current boiler Biomass Boiler How does it work? • Burns fuel like wood pellets, logs or chips • Load by hand or with automatic hopper (for larger, more expensive systems) • You heat the water and rooms of your house without using gas and with minimum electricity How do I get one? • Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust (England and Wales), Action Renewables (N Ireland) or a local installer of renewable heating systems • They survey your house, agree a quote and do the work • Some installers remove your old boiler

20. A10) Renewable heat system replaces your current boiler How much will it cost? From £5,000 – £14,000 Could save you around £460 per year on energy bills, and 6 tonnes of CO2 per year Fuel costs depend on how close you are to a supplier and the fuel you use i.e. chips or pellets What do I need? Space for fuel storage You’ll need a non-living space such as a cellar, garage or storage room for the boiler Vent which meets specifications Buy fuel regularly

21. A11) Ground source heat pump Ground Source Heat Pump How does it work? • Uses the energy locked in the earth of your garden to heat your home and hot water • Uses a loop in the ground and a heat pump. In the same way that your fridge uses refrigerant to extract heat from the inside, it extracts heat from the ground, and transfers it to your home How do I get one? • Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust (England and Wales), Action Renewables (N Ireland) or a local installer of renewable heating systems • They survey your house, agree a quote and do the work • Some installers remove your old boiler

22. A11) Ground source heat pump What do I need? Space outside for the ground loop and ground that is suitable to dig a trench or a borehole. Vertical loops below the ground use less space but are more expensive Pumps can be combined with radiators, and work even better with under floor heating or oversize radiators. How much will it cost? From £6,000 – £12,000 You could save from zero to £300 for a gas heated home and up to £1000 for an electric heated home - more with under floor heating. Saves 2 to 7.5 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year

23. A12) Air source heat pump Air Source Heat Pump How does it work? • Absorbs heat from the outside to heat buildings. • It works in the same way as the ground source heat pump but extracts heat from the air outside and heats your home and hot water. • 2 types; air-to-air to heat rooms & air-to-water to heat water How do I get one? • Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust (England and Wales), Action Renewables (N Ireland) or a local installer of renewable heating systems • The installer will survey your house, agree a quote and do the work • They may remove your old boiler

24. A12) Air source heat pump What do I need? Space on an external wall outside your house to fit the evaporator coil. Pumps can be combined with radiators, and work even better with under floor heating or oversize radiators. How much will it cost? From £7,000 – £10,000 Could save from £300 to £850 a year on heating bills and 800kg to 6 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year

25. A13)Micro CHP Micro CHP How does it work? • Generates electricity as well as some heating for homes, in one single process using an engine. • It is fossil fuel based. Most are fuelled on gas, but some can use a range of other fuels including kerosene How do I get one? • This is an emerging technology and it may, therefore, be difficult to source initially • Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust (England and Wales), Action Renewables (N Ireland) or a local installer of renewable heating systems

26. A13) Micro CHP What do I need? Large and steady demand is needed, 12 hours a day, 7 days a week, to make it cost effective Must have intention of keeping it long term as can not always be re-located How much will it cost? From £2,500 – £3,500 The technology is still being trialed. Initial research suggests that it could save you between £150-£215 per year on energy bills, and up to 1.5 tonnes of CO2 per year

27. A14) Solar panels to produce heat Solar panels for hot water How does it work? • Uses heat from the sun to work alongside your conventional water heater • Solar panels are fitted to your roof and collect heat from the sun’s radiation which is then used by a heat transfer system to heat water which is stored in your hot water cylinder How do I get one? • You do not need planning permission in England and Wales but it is still required for N Ireland. • Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust (England and Wales), Action Renewables (N Ireland) or a local installer of renewable heating systems

28. A14) Solar panels to produce heat What do I need? 3-4 square metres of southeast to southwest facing roof receiving direct sunlight Shower that runs from the hot water supply – not electric A compatible water heating system How much will it cost? From £3,000 – £5,000 Could save you around £60 per year on energy bills, and about 300 kg of CO2 per year Can provide you with 60% of your hot water needs

29. A15) Solar panels to produce electricity Solar panels for electricity How does it work? • Uses energy from the sun to create electricity through panels on your roof • Requires direct sunlight to generate electricity but can still generate some power on a cloudy day. • Uses cells made of layers of semi conducting material such as silicon to turn sunlight into electricity How do I get one? • You do not need planning permission in England and Wales but it is still required for N Ireland. • Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust (England and Wales), Action Renewables (N Ireland) or a local installer of renewable heating systems

30. A15) Solar panels to produce electricity How much will it cost? From £9,000 – £15,000 Could save you around £250 per year on energy bills, and 1 tonne of CO2 per year You can sell surplus electricity back to the grid What do I need? A roof or wall that faces within 90 degrees of south that is not overshadowed by large trees or buildings A strong roof to support the panels as they are heavy

31. A16) Small wind turbine Wind turbine How does it work? • Uses the wind's force to rotate aerodynamic blades that turn a rotor which creates electricity • There are 2 types of turbines: free standing mast mounted turbines and roof mounted turbines • Most areas do not have sufficient wind to make them effective. Mast mounted that are taller than surroundings buildings are best How do I get one? • You will need to have a professional assessment done to find out if the wind speed is sufficient and you will need to speak to your local council about planning issues before installing one • Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust (England and Wales) or Action Renewables (N Ireland) for details of a suitable professional for installation

32. A16) Small wind turbine What do I need? A suitable place to put the turbine which ideally is a smooth top hill with a flat, clear exposure. The area needs to be free from excessive turbulence and obstructions such as large trees and buildings An area that generates sufficient wind speed to ensure you receive enough electricity How much will it cost? Anything from £1,500 – £19,000 Not enough data to know how much CO2 and money you can save. Roof mounted turbines are generally thought to be poor investments. Free standing are better

33. B1) Wind farm Wind turbine How does it work? • Uses the wind's force to rotate aerodynamic blades that turn a rotor which creates electricity • Works in the same way as a small wind turbine but is much larger and more effective. It can be used to generate electricity for hundreds or thousands of homes How do I get one? These provide power for a number of buildings in the community. Speak to your Local Council and start discussions with your neighbours

34. B1) Wind farm How much will it cost? Costs vary depending on the size of the system. At present most wind farms supply the grid directly, not the households near them. Some developers offer preferential shares to the local community or donate one off sums, sometimes it's a set % of income from the wind farm. What is needed?Most suitable for industrial parks, schools etc. Ideally needs a smooth top hill with a flat, clear exposure. The area needs to be free from obstructions such as large trees and buildings An area that generates sufficient wind speed to ensure you receive enough electricity

35. B2) Small Scale Hydro Small Scale Hydro How does it work? • The energy contained within water (either potential or kinetic) is used to turn a turbine which generates electricity. • There are a range of sizes and designs from systems, from those used in streams to community wide systems that can provide substantial amounts of electricity. • Two board categories exist: Those that require a dam to operate, and those that do not (run of river) How do I get one? Get in touch with the Energy Saving Trust (England and Wales) or Action Renewables (N Ireland) As rivers are protected in the UK, a environmental assessment will need to be conducted on any potential site.

36. B2) Small Scale Hydro What do I need? Water – either a stream, river or large pond, lake or reservoir The site should be as close to where the electricity is needed as possible An Environmental assessment How much will it cost? The costs vary depending on the size of the system Ranging from approx. £20 - 25,000 for a domestic scheme Maintenance costs are ongoing but normally low Hydro plants can last for decades.

37. B3) Community biomass boiler Community biomass boiler How does it work? Suitable for community scale e.g. single estate, block of flats, village school, church etc. A system operator will connect you to the network and you will receive heat into your central heating system - e.g. your radiators - through a heat exchanger. Uses organic matter (e.g. wood chip) as fuel to power the stoves and boilers. The heat would be distributed via a heat pipe / heat network How do I get one? Speak to your Local Council and start discussions with your neighbours

38. B3) Community biomass boiler How much will it cost? You should expect free connection and pay the operator according to the heat you use. It will cost about the same each year as buying gas and will save around 3 tonnes of CO2 per year What is needed?A high-density area where the capital cost of a heat network is justified, best achieved by also linking to businesses, schools etc You will need a normal central heating system with radiators etc. The heat exchanger will take up less space than your boiler and hot water tank.

39. B4) Industrial sized heat pump Industrial Sized Heat Pump How does it work? Suitable for community scale e.g. single estate, block of flats, village school, church etc. A system operator will connect you to the network and you will receive heat into your central heating system through a heat exchanger. The source of heat is a large heat pump How do I get one? Speak to your Local Council and start discussions with your neighbours

40. B4) Industrial sized heat pump What is needed? A high-density area where the capital cost of a heat network is justified, best achieved by also linking to businesses, schools etc You will need a normal central heating system with radiators and space to put the ground loops The heat exchanger will take up less space than your boiler and hot water tank. How much will it cost? You should expect free connection and pay the operator according to the metered amount of heat you use. You should expect to pay the same or less than you pay for gas, and will save around 1/2 tonne of CO2 per year

41. B5) District heating with CHP plant fuelled with either biomass or waste How does it work? • The surplus heat is collected tapped from biomass or waste-fuelled CHP plant. • A network of pipes (laid in streets like gas pipes by a network operator) carries hot water at 90°-110°C to provide heat to homes, businesses and public sector buildings. • You connect to the network though a heat exchanger that replaces your boiler. • You will contract with the system operator who will provide the heat exchanger and meter and connects it to your existing central heating system and takes away your old boiler.

42. B5) District heating with CHP plant fuelled with either biomass or waste How much will it cost? You should expect free connection and pay the operator according to the metered amount of heat you use. You should expect to pay the same or less than you pay for gas and it will save around 3.5 tonnes of CO2 per year What is needed? A high-density area where the capital cost of a heat network is justified, best achieved by also linking to businesses, schools etc You will need a normal central heating system with radiators etc. The heat exchanger will take up less space than your boiler and hot water tank.