Thomas Fleiner Class No. 11 Common Law Civil Law

1. Belgrade Law Faculty Master Course on Comparative Constitutional Review Prof. Lidija Basta Fleiner Prof. Thomas Fleiner November 23 to December 12 2009 Thomas Fleiner Class No. 11 Common Law Civil Law

2. The Basic differences of the two • systems: • The power of the Court, • Remedies and Access to justice and • different function of the positive law • Civil law: • The one who has right should win the case • Common Law: • The one who wins the case has right

3. Common Law • Different Perception of the state authority • of the stat and of the • Sovereignty of the constitution • Limited State, Function as Moderator • State as provider of Justice • Different perception of administration • Civil Law • Constitution empowers does not only limit • Basic idea of hierarchy, truth etc. • Different perception of procedure • Different perception of access to justice

4. Constitutionalism Common Law: John Locke To limit the power of The government Civil Law: Thomas Hobbes: Absolute Power of the Leviathan: Constitution: Empower government And Limit government

5. Constituting a State or Constituting a government Legitimacy of the state / or Government Rule of Law versus Rule of the Laws (legis- Lature) Federalism: Limit federal power Accommodate Diversity

6. Basic Differences • Hierarchy of Norms • Napoleonic Public Law Concept • Notion of Authority • Due process / Natural Justice • Prerogative writs • Habeas Corpus • Mandamus • Writ of Certiorari • Injunction • The continental legal system: • legislature • Administration • Administrative Tribunals • Administrative Acts • European Court on Human Rights

7. Comparing constitutions of thedifferent Legal Systems: Function of the Constitution with regard to Powers of the separate branches Function of the Judiciary Function of the legislature Function of the executive Nation Concept and legitimacy