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Civil/Military Users: Whose Airspace is it Anyway?

AAT. AAT. Civil/Military Users: Whose Airspace is it Anyway?. Kim O’Neil Advanced Aviation Technology Ltd. AAT. Objectives. To Set the Scene Key Issues to be addressed: Safety Military Requirements Institutional Issues The future of Air Traffic Management

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Civil/Military Users: Whose Airspace is it Anyway?

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  1. AAT AAT Civil/Military Users:Whose Airspace is it Anyway? Kim O’Neil Advanced Aviation Technology Ltd.

  2. AAT Objectives • To Set the Scene • Key Issues to be addressed: • Safety • Military Requirements • Institutional Issues • The future of Air Traffic Management • Civil/Military Operations and Cooperation

  3. AAT Introduction • Conference Addresses Many Issues: • Wide coverage • In Depth • Relevant • Current • Your Active Participation Encouraged

  4. AAT Origins of ATC

  5. AAT Origins of ATC • Origins in WW II • Driven by Defence Need to Control Airspace • Enormous Growth in Civil Aviation • Major Global Business • Need to Manage Safety of Airspace • Decline in Military Budgets • Changing Tactical Requirements

  6. AAT Origins of ATC • Traditional Civil/Military Relationships: • Major Changes, but • Change Lags behind Need • Still too many “Sacred Cows”? • Hot Issues NEED vigorous debate • Longstanding relationships/protocols • Obstruct Constructive Debate

  7. AAT Change • Privatisation/Corporatisation • Civil ATC Losing Governmental ‘Authority’ • Just another commercial service? • New Roles for “Airspace Policy”? • Undreamt Areas: • Global ATC providers? • Not Located in Country where services provided?

  8. AAT Civil/Military Interests • Civil/Military Cooperation Based on: • Airspace Use and Safety • Sharing Resources/Services • Compatibility/Interoperability • Reducing/Sharing Costs • Mutual Interest….? • Or Mutually Self Assured Destruction?

  9. AAT Civil/Military Cooperation • Military Origins of ATC: • Initially funded • Technological development • Military still big investors • Civil Aviation an Ungrateful Child? • Why so little common ground?

  10. AAT Civil/Military Cooperation • Changes in Civil Aviation: • New Technology • New Techniques • New Requirements • Impact on Military Costs • May be No Direct Benefits • Costs may be Very Big

  11. AAT Civil/Military Technology • CNS/ATM: • Datalink (VDL 2/3/4?) • MLS (or GNSS?) • Mode S (or ADS-B?) • Cost/Benefits: • Not Accepted by Civil Airlines • Military Benefits but Few Civil Benefits • Implementation: • Not Enforceable by Civil ATC

  12. AAT Civil/Military Interface • Airspace Users: • Civil Airlines • Military • Civil ATC ‘authorities’: • Arbitrator between Airspace Users? • Or Obstacle?

  13. AAT Civil/Military Interface • Role of Civil ATC ‘Arbritration’: • Gloriously Unsuccessful • Unproductive • Expensive • Time for a New Approach? • Direct Liaison between Airspace Users • Airlines and Military

  14. AAT Civil/Military Interface • Civil/Military ATC Needs can Conflict: • Military require Primary Radar • Secondary only Required for Civil En-route • Result: Reductions in Primary Radars • Also Rejection of Mode S • Tactical Benefits of MLS to Military • Minimal Benefits over ILS for Civil Aviation

  15. AAT Civil Perceptions?

  16. AAT Air Traffic Management • Civil and Military Controllers: • Sit side-by-side in ATC Centres • Facilitate Management of Civil/Military Traffic • Adjacent Airspace and Crossing Traffic • Tactical Need to occupy Civil Airspace: • Political Consent of States Required • Limited Cooperation over National Boundaries • Still a ‘Local’ Arrangement……….

  17. AAT Air Traffic Management • Civil/Military Airspace Sharing: • Restricted by Civil ATM • Civil ATM Procedures too Limited (ASAS?) • ATC not ATM • Crowded Empty Skies??? • Limitations of ATC intervention • Free Flight: • The Ultimate Answer?

  18. AAT Flexible Use of Airspace • Flexible Use of Airspace? “Airspace should no longer be designated as either military or civil, but should be considered as one continuum and used flexibly on a day-to-day basis….. Any necessary airspace segregation should be only of a temporary nature” • Pie in the Sky?

  19. AAT Flexible Use of Airspace • Too Grand an Objective? • Benefits Overstated? • Two-way Process? OR • Civil Monster Consuming Military Airspace? • Or Poor Management of Civil Airspace? • What are the Real Benefits….? • What are the Obstacles?

  20. AAT Flexible Use of Airspace • How “Flexible” is it? • Civil Airspace Released for Military Use? • Not if it disrupts Airline schedules? • Are Civil Users willing to share? • All Airspace Flexible? Two-way?

  21. AAT Airspace • Who is Responsible for: • Airspace Concepts? • Airspace ‘Policy’? • Airspace Design? • If Airspace is just a Resource…… • Issues are more about Commercial Realities • Safety, Capacity, Efficiency, Sharing - of course • Competition for a Scarce Resource…...

  22. AAT Airspace Politics • Whose Airspace is it? • Need Clearer Political Direction • Recognise Commercial Imperitives • Based on Far-reaching Concepts • Free of Petty Considerations • Embracing new Techniques/Technology • Cost/Effective • Complete with Business Case Too

  23. AAT AAT The End! Open Eyes. Open Mind.

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