The American Revolution

1. The American Revolution

2. Main Menu Vocabulary: Chapter 5 British Leaders Boston Tea Party Vocabulary: Chapter 6 Patriot Leaders Boston Massacre Battles Declaration of Independence Causes Protest Methods

3. Chapter 5 Vocabulary: Cause to the American Revolution Click to go back to main menu 1. The French and Indian War 2. Albany Plan of Union 3. Treaty of Paris, 1763 4. Pontiac’s War 5. Proclamation Act of 1763 6. Stamp Act 7. Boycott 8. Repeal 9. Townshend Acts 10. Writ of assistance 11. Boston Massacre 12. Committee of correspondence 13. Tea Act 14. Boston Tea Party 15. Intolerable Act 16. First Continental Congress 17. Militia 18. Minuteman 19. Battles of Lexington and Concord

4. French and Indian War The French and Indian War was a war that was took place from 1754 to 1763 between England and France, both aided by Native American Allies, that led to the end of French power in North America.

5. Albany Plan of Union The Albany Plan of Union was a proposal by Benjamin Franklin to create one government for the 13 colonies and provided for the common defense against the French. Benjamin Franklin’s Cartoon. Created cartoon to convince colonists to accept his Albany Plan of Union.

6. Treaty of Paris, 1763 The Treaty of Paris of 1763 was an agreement between Britain and France that ended the French and Indian War, and it marked the end of French power in North America.

7. Treaty of Paris,1763 Treaty that ended the French and Indian War. The treaty ended French power in North America and made Great Britain the most powerful European country in the New World.

8. Pontiac's War Pontiac’s War was a 1763 conflict between Native Americans and the British over settlement of Indian lands in the Great Lakes area and eventually led to the Proclamation Act of 1763. Indian Territory

9. Proclamation Act of 1763 The Proclamation Act of 1763 was a law forbidding English colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. Halt! Appalachian Mountains

10. Stamp Act The Stamp Act was a 1765 law that placed new duties on legal documents, and taxed newspapers, almanacs, playing cards and dice.

11. Repeal Repeal means to cancel. After colonists boycotted certain goods taxed by the British government, parliament would repeal the tax.

12. Townshend Acts The Townshend Acts were laws passed in 1767 that taxed goods such as glass, paint, and lead.

13. Writ of Assistance Writ of Assistance was a legal document that allowed British customs officials to inspect a ship’s cargo without giving a reason.

14. Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre was a 1770 conflict between colonists and British troops in which five colonists were killed. Paul Revere’s engraving of the Boston Massacre.

15. Committee of Correspondence Committee of Correspondence was a letter writing campaign that became a major tool of protest in the colonies.

16. Boycott A boycott is a refusal to buy goods or service. This was a popular protest method used by the colonists against British taxes.

17. Tea Act The Tea Act was a 1773 law that let the British East India Company bypass tea merchants and sell tea directly to colonists.

18. Boston Tea Party The Boston Tea Party was a 1773 protest in which colonists dressed as Indians and dumped British tea into Boston harbor.

19. Intolerable Acts • The Intolerable Acts were a series of laws passed in 1774 to punish colonist in Boston for the Boston Tea Party. • To punish the colonists, King George III closed the port of Boston until the tea that was destroyed was repaid for. • The colonists could not have anymore town meetings. • And a new Quartering act was introduced.

20. First Continental Congress • The First Continental Congress was a meeting in Philadelphia of delegates from the 12 colonies in 1774. • In this meeting, delegates debated on what to do about the Intolerable Acts. • They decided to boycott British products and to start militias throughout the colonies.

21. Militia A militia is an army of citizens who serve as soldiers during an emergency.

22. Minuteman A Minuteman was a colonial militia volunteer who was prepared to fight at a minute’s notice.

23. Battles of Lexington and Concord The Battles of Lexington and Concord were conflicts between Massachusetts colonists and British soldiers that started the Revolutionary War in 1775.

24. Chapter 6 Vocabulary: The Revolutionary War Click to go back to main menu 12. Preamble 13. Natural rights 14. Battle of Long Island 15. Battle of Trenton 16. Battle of Saratoga 17. Ally 18. Valley Forge 19. Battle of Cowpens 20. guerrilla 21. Siege 22. Battle of Yorktown 23. Treaty of Paris 24. ratify • Olive Branch Petition • Green Mountain Boys • Continental Army • Patriot • Loyalist • Battle of Bunker Hill • Blockade • Mercenary • Common Sense • Traitor • Declaration of Independence

25. Olive Branch Petition The Olive Branch Petition was a peace petition sent to King George by colonial delegates after the battles of Lexington and Concord declaring their loyalty to the king asking him to repeal the Intolerable Acts. The olive branch is symbol of peace.

26. Green Mountain Boys Ethan Allen The Green Mountain Boys were Vermont colonial militia led by Ethan Allen, which made a surprise attack on Fort Ticonderoga, giving Americans control of the key route.

27. Continental Army The Continental Army was the patriot army established by the Second Continental Congress to fight the British.

28. Patroit A Patriot was a colonist who favored war against Great Britain.

29. Loyalist A loyalist was a colonist who remained loyal to Britain.

30. Battle of Bunker Hill Battle of Bunker was the first major battle of the Revolution in 1775. Battle of Bunker Hill

31. Blockade • A blockade is the shutting off of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out. • Great Britain used their navy to blockade the colonies so they could not get supplies from foreign countries.

32. Mercenary • A mercenary is a soldier who fights for money and is often from a foreign country. • The British hired mercenaries form Germany called Hessians to fight the patriots.

33. Common Sense Common Sense was an essay published in 1776 by Thomas Paine that urged the colonies to declare independence.

34. Traitor • A traitor is a person who betrays his or her country. • Benedict Arnold (pictured below) betrayed the Continental Army when he planned to give the British West Point. • The plan was discovered and he fled to join the British. Benedict Arnold

35. Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is a 1776 document stating that the 13 English colonies were a free and independent nation.

36. Preamble A preamble is introduction to a declaration, constitution or other official document.

37. Natural Rights Natural Rights are rights that belong to people from birth.

38. Battle of Long Island The Battle of Long Island was a 1776 battle in New York in which more than 1,400 Americans were killed, wounded or captured. Battle of Long Island

39. Battle of Trenton The Battle of Trenton was a 1776 battle in New Jersey in which George Washington’s troops captured a Hessian encampment in a surprise attack. Delaware River Washington crossing the Delaware River Battle of Trenton

40. Battle of Saratoga • The Battle of Saratoga was the first major American victory in the Revolution, which ended the British threat in New England in 1777. • Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen led soldiers to an American victory. • The Battle convinced France to support the patriots. Battle of Saratoga

41. Ally An ally is a nation, or person, who works with another for a common purpose. France became our ally after the Battle of Saratoga.

42. Valley Forge Valley Forge was the Pennsylvania site of Washington’s Continental Army encampment during the winter of 1777-1778. Valley Forge

43. Battle of Cowpens The Battle of Cowpens was a 1781 battle in South Carolina, where Americans won an important victory over the British. Battle of Cowpens

44. Guerrilla • Guerrilla is a term used for a soldier who uses hit and run tactics against the enemy. • Guerrilla warfare is the use of hit and run tactics.

45. Siege A siege is a military blockade or bombardment of an enemy town or position in order to force it to surrender.

46. Battle of Yorktown The Battle of Yorktown was the final battle in the Revolution. This battle in 1781 forced the British to surrender. Battle of Yorktown

47. Treaty of Paris, 1783 Peace treaty between Great Britain and the United States that recognized the United States as an independent country.

48. Ratify Ratify means to approve of something.

49. Causes Click to go back to main menu

50. Taxation Without Representation • After the French and Indian War, King George III decided to reduce the debt of Great Britain from the war by taxing the colonists. • The colonists did not like this because they had no say on the taxes that were imposed on them by parliament. They called this taxation without representation.