Project Management

1. Project Management Samuel BASSETTO, W37-07 samuel.bassetto@inpg.fr Thanks to Khaled HADJI HAMOU

2. BIGprojects, smallprojects • Examples? • Facility planning • Personnal insurance management method implementation • Change of work • Redesign a building • New product development • Commercial introduction of a new product • Research partnership development for an European Project

3. Outline • Introduction & concepts • Concurrent to your project: • General project structure • Detailed project structure • Focus on Project’s planning • Focus on Project’s Quality • Risks management during the project • Cost analysis • The project follow-up • Bonus Slides

4. Historic Milestones • Pyramids… • Vauban (measure of construction times) … • 1900 : Taylor/Fayol/Ford • 1915 : Gantt • 1950 : PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technic) • 1989 : Project management methods

5. Normative corporations • AFITEP • Association Francophone de Management de Projet. • IPMA • International Project Management Association • PMI • Project Management Institute • Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)

6. Nowadays context • Why a management based on projects ? • End date • Easy overview • Due date & delivrables => goal achievement (not insured but facilitated)

7. Project : a definition • 1st definition • The project is a response at challenging constraints (innovation, deadlines, cost…) that enterprises are facing in their global competition • The project structures a precise idea, and require human skills and means for its unique concretization, limited in the time [Berry 96]

8. Project : some definitions • PMBOK Definition • Efforts employed on a defined period for a service or product creation • AFITEP Definition • Important realization, with an end, time limited, with a precise goal, requiring various ressources

9. Project some definitions • Notions extracted from these definitions • The notion of goal • The notion of time • The notion of organization • The notion of ressources • The notion of structure (?)

10. Project : the ASQIMC definition • Finally : • A way of workingwhich • Structures progressively an object driven by • Quantitatives goals it • Identified clearly requirements and involves • Multiples skills which are under • Constraints

11. Typologies of projects (A) (B) Characteristics ? Examples ? (C) (D) Entrerprise Project

12. The project management • AFITEP Definition • The project management includes the Plannification, Organization, Progression Follow up and the master of all aspects of project in a continuous process for goals achievement. • PMI definition • Knowledge application, skills, tools and methods employed by activities for achieving successfully goals of each projects.

13. Management • Project  « dash board » • Global overview • Project organization • Project status • Finance indicators • Main milestones • Delivrables • Risks

14. The project managment roots • W : Who ? • W : What • W : Where ? • W : When ? • H : How ? • H : How many ? • W : WHY ? W5H2

15. Project management • Answer questions: • Origins of the project :  WHY ? • MANDATORY for troops motivation • Factor of success : WHAT ? • Identify what is inside the project  WHO? • Who leads the project  WHAT, WHO, WHEN, HOW ? • Structure and plannify and guide the project

16. Project Management • Functional management • Institution management Tools and technics Human Factors

17. Managing the project… Dreamed state Final State Ideal Path Followed path Initial State

18. In order to avoid Dreamed stated Designed path Followed path Initial state Final state

19. Project structure… & follow up Failing to plan is planning to fail

20. Outline • Introduction & concepts • Concurrent to your project: • General project structure • Detailed project structure • Focus on project’s planning • Focus on project’s quality • Risks management during the project • Cost analysis • The project follow-up • Bonus Slides

21. Steering comity – 5’ review per project & session One review per project Strenghts and weakness, blocking point Final eval Presentation 20’ + 10’ questions & product presentation Prof ranking Peer ranking Project steering comity / final eval

22. Outline • Introduction & concepts • Concurrent to your project: • General project structure • Detailed project structure • Focus on project’s planning • Focus on project’s quality • Risks management during the project • Cost analysis • The project follow-up • Bonus Slides

23. Several structures: Temporal structure : phases Industrial projects Information system projects Operational structure : activities Businesses involved Suppliers Organisational structure Project leader (project manager ?), project director, sponsor(s), project team Project structure

24. Why a temporal structure • Underline critical activities • Better focus on qualifications during each phase • Measure and insure quality of each phase • Better project overview • Step by step plannification & follow up

25. Each phase has to … • Have precise inputs • Have a final end • Have explicit and acceptable goals • Identify available ressources • Must be plannified separately

26. Example of a project phase • 1- Enterprise discussion about research opportunities (R&D Project) • 2- Draft contract • 3- R phase (more exploratory) • 4- D Phase (more centered on indutrial development) • 5- Thesis write & presentation

27. « Product Project »decomposition Gestion de projet, Ed WEKA

28. Project phase and uncertainty Thesis ≠ Building a wall ! In one side: well defined activities and phases In the other side: not structured activities, prospective project.

29. Project phasing • Several approaches • Cascading management • In V • In spiral

30. Cascade cycle Requirement book Requirement engineering System design Building blocs Modules integration System validation Payment

31. V Cycle Requirement book Payment System requirement engineering System validation System design Module intergration Building blocs

32. Initial risk analysis Initial requirements Requirements revision Risk analysis revision Initial prototype prototype Requirment book Tests Final system Customer satisfaction Spiral Cycle Requirement and plannnification Risk analyhsis Customer evaluation Development

33. Project organization ? Contracting Owner Maîtrise d’ouvrage (fr) Project Management Maîtrise d’œuvre (fr) partenaire Supplier 1 Supplier2 Sub Contractor 0 Supplier 2-1 Supplier 0-2 Supplier 0-1 fournisseur

34. Contracting Owner • High level requirements & needs definitions • Finance • Choose the project manager • Agreement on strategic choices and milestone validation • Strategic choices

35. Project Management • Requirement Engineering & General design • Action plan Management • Work management & coordination • Cost control & evolutions • Review with Contracting owner

36. Several actors (repetition S3) • Contracting ower • Customer • Project Manager • Project direction • Project Manager / leader • Project Team • Suppliers • Project Board • Board Contracting Owner & PM • Project Leader

37. Outline • Introduction & concepts • Concurrent to your project: • General project structure • Detailed project structure • Focus on project’s planning • Focus on project’s quality • Risks management during the project • Cost analysis • The project follow-up • Bonus Slides

38. Project and organizations • Functional organization • Orgnization by Processus (ISO/ QS…) • Matricial organization • Functions X processus • Function X Project • Processus X Project • Project Based organization The project is a tool for change management: a « cubic » organization: Function x Processus x Project

39. Project structure • Why is it necessary to structure ? • Problems of complex project • During the project design • Identify the purpose of the project • Identify its development • Prepare an adapted organization • During the project operations • Establish and follow the project plan (cost –quality- deadlines)

40. Goals • Project structure : • Is a shared referential • Allows an analytical analysis of the project (prevision & realization) • Introduces a shared integrated codification @ the enterprise ERP

41. Structure project answers…the breakdown structures • What ?  product: PBS • What to do ?  action: WBS • Who is responsible of what ?  responsability: OBS • Who do ? With What  ressource: RBS • What is the cost ?  cost: CBS

42. OBS Project organization

43. Several actors • Contracting ower • Customer • Project Manager • Project direction • Project Manager / leader • Project Team • Suppliers • Project Board • Board Contracting Owner & PM • Project Leader

44. Organization Direction Steering Comity 100u Month/BiMonth. Project Steering Comity 10u Week/Month Project Management u Day/Week Continuous/ Day Technical Team Cont. Project Team

45. A member is • A key person ! • Role • Skills and abilities

46. The project member: an key operating link Project Manager To adapt to project methods Interface with others group members Project Member Cost Constraints Delay constraints Quality constraints

47. Role of project member Participate at project meeting Animate project methods by using them Share information with other project members & collaborate Project member Achieve its budget objective Follows his/her planning Be focused on quality concerns

48. Abilities of project member:HR profile • To know how to effect a constraint task (cost, quality, delay) => need to cope with pression and stress • Able to evolve in a coordinated environment • Keen to Team Working

49. Project Manager • An interface actor • Role • Ability and skills • Constraints

50. The project manager is a interface actor Project Team Customer Quality Structure Project Manager Functional Board Board of direction Chief executive staff Other Teams Services