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Role of Hunting in Wildlife Management

Mountain goat 15. Bighorn sheep 32. Cougar 188. Game Bird Harvests in ... Hunters spent $23 Billion in direct expenses. Ripple effect of $73 Billion. Generated $3.1 ...

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Role of Hunting in Wildlife Management

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  1. Role of Hunting in Wildlife Management Dr. Kenneth J. Raedeke Affiliate Professor University of Washington

  2. Traditional Roles of Hunting • Harvest resources (meat, hides, etc.) • Manage wildlife populations • Reduce problem species • Provide recreational opportunities • Economic return to society

  3. North American Wildlife Management Model • Wildlife as a public trust resource • Elimination of markets for game • Allocation of wildlife by law • Kill only for legitimate purpose • Wildlife is an international resource • Science-based wildlife policy • Democracy of hunting

  4. Current Big Game Harvests in Washington State (2008) • Deer 35,040 • Elk 6,826 • Moose 74 • Black bear 2,115 • Mountain goat 15 • Bighorn sheep 32 • Cougar 188

  5. Game Bird Harvests in Washington State (2008) • Wild turkey 5,035 • Pheasants 20,000 • Band-tailed pigeons 434 • Doves 68,735 • Ducks 410,000 • Geese 74,045 • Grouse & Quail 251,472

  6. Economic Value of Hunting(1996 Data) • 14 Million hunters in USA • Hunters spent $23 Billion in direct expenses • Ripple effect of $73 Billion • Generated $3.1 Billion in state and federal taxes • Created 704,600 jobs nationwide • Resulting in household income of $416 Billion • 1% of USA workforce

  7. Washington State Statistics(2006 data) • Hunters 182,000 • Days of hunting 2,126,000 • Total expenditures $313,134,000 • Average $$ per hunter $1,688 • Average $$ per Wildlife Viewer $563

  8. Pittman-Robertson Funding • Hunter initiated tax on firearms and ammunition of 10% in 1930 • Generated $2 billion • Currently $150 million per year • Funds used for wildlife management by states

  9. Wildlife Harvest Models • Annual surplus model • Large mammals • Bird populations • Maximum Sustained Yield (MSY) • Large mammals (control situations) • Population control model • For pest or eruptive populations

  10. Annual Surplus Model • Hunting takes the annual surplus production that can not be supported by the habitat • Based on concept of compensatory mortality • That is, hunting mortality replaces other forms of mortality and is not additive

  11. Maximum Sustained Yield Model • Produces the highest harvest from a population • Reduces population to half of carrying capacity of habitat • Based on logistic growth model • Used for deer/elk damage problems on private commodity lands

  12. Maximum Sustained Yield

  13. Control of Wildlife Populations • Snow geese in western USA and Canada • White tailed deer in mid-west and eastern USA • Deer and elk on private commodity lands

  14. Why do I hunt? • Family tradition in rural America • Challenge of the chase • Get out doors and appreciate nature • Spend time with friends and family • Obtain interesting meat and artifacts • Support wildlife conservation • License fees ( $500 per year) • Tax on sporting goods • Travel to exotic lands

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