1 / 48

Anatomical Terms

Anatomical Terms defined

LauraWaldron
Download Presentation

Anatomical Terms

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Anatomical Terminology Ch 1

  2. Anatomical Scale

  3. Scale of Anatomy • Microscopic anatomy • Gross anatomy

  4. Microscopic Anatomy • Study of structures visible only with the aid of magnification • Structures less than 1mm • Study limited by technology • Two main categories • Cytology • Histology

  5. Cytology • Studies the internal structure of individual cells • Cyto= “cell” ology= “study of” • “unit of Life” • 50-100 trillion cells in the body

  6. Histology • Study of structure & organization of groups of cells aka tissues • Tissue= groups of organized specialized cells that perform similar functions

  7. Gross Anatomy • Aka macroscopic anatomy • Study of structures visible without a microscope • Three main types • Surface anatomy • Regional anatomy • Systemic anatomy

  8. Surface Anatomy • Study of the body using superficial anatomical markings

  9. Regional Anatomy • Study structure of specific body regions • Incorporates superficial and internal features • Emphasizes relationships between structures • Ex. Upper extremity

  10. Systemic Anatomy • Study structure of major body systems • 11 body systems

  11. Integumentary System

  12. Skeletal System

  13. Muscular System

  14. Nervous System

  15. Endocrine System

  16. Cardiovascular System

  17. Respiratory System

  18. Digestive System

  19. Urinary System

  20. Reproductive System

  21. Reproductive System

  22. Lymphatic System

  23. Physiology • Study of the function of anatomical structures • Physical & chemical properties • Cell physiology • Special physiology • System physiology • Pathological physiology

  24. Anatomical Terminology • Why is it important? • How are things named? • Anatomical structures- landmarks • Specialized directional terms • Location • Proper nouns

  25. Anatomical Terminology • Standard anatomical position • Body regions • Body orientation & direction • Body planes & sections • Body cavities

  26. Standard Anatomical Position • Standard body position • Aka “anatomy neutral” • Body standing erect • Head & toes point forward • Arms hanging at sides • Palms face forward

  27. Body Positions • Supine • Lying down in the anatomical position with face up • Prone • Lying down in the anatomical position with face down What’s wrong with this picture?

  28. Principle Anatomical Regions Martini Table 1-1

  29. Posterior Regions

  30. Body Orientation & Direction Martini table 1-2

  31. Superficial vs Deep

  32. Body Planes & Sections • Section= imaginary cut along specific lines (planes) through the body • Body Plane= 3 anatomical planes that lie at right angles • Sagittal • Frontal • Transverse • Oblique

  33. Section

  34. Section

  35. Sagittal Plane • Longitudinal section into left & right halves • Midsagittal down the midline

  36. Midline Midsagittal Plane

  37. Frontal Plane • Longitudinal section into anterior (front) & posterior (back) halves • Aka coronal

  38. Transverse Plane • Horizontal plane divides body into superior (top) & inferior (bottom) halves • Cross sections

  39. Body Cavities • Spaces in body that house organs • Protective • Allow change in size without damaging surrounding tissue • Two main categories • Dorsal body cavities • Ventral body cavities

  40. Dorsal Body Cavities • Cranial cavity- • made by bones of skull • Spinal cavity- • surrounds spinal cord

  41. Ventral Body Cavities • Spaces- cavities • Viscera- organs • Serous membrane- thin layer of tissue lines body cavities & viscera • 3 main body cavities • Thoracic • Abdominal • Pelvic

  42. Thoracic Cavity • Bound by chest wall & diaphragm • 3 main internal chambers (subdivisions) • 2 pleural cavities • House lungs • Mediastinum • Houses trachea, esophagus, blood vessels • 1 Pericardial cavity • Houses heart

  43. Abdominopelvic Cavity • Abdominal cavity • Aka Peritoneal cavity • Inferior surface of the diaphragm to superior margin of pelvis • Pelvic cavity • Enclosed by bones of pelvis

More Related