Chapter 1 Overview The Foundation for Your Future

1. Chapter 1 Overview The Foundation for Your Future © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

2. Overview • Users and professionals • Computer literate and computer competent • Information systems • Hardware • Software © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

3. Overview (continued) • Computer systems • Computer development • Connectivity • Interactivity • Digital convergence © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

4. Users • Be ready for the job market • Use computers for work and personal tasks © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

5. Differentiation • Computer Professionals • expertise and/or a minimum of a two-year technical degree • industry uses many names • programmer, engineer, systems analyst • network and database administrators © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

6. Computer Literate vs. Competent • Computer literacy • understanding what a computer is and what it can do • Computer competency • using skills to meet information needs and improve productivity © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

7. Competency • Skill mastery covered: • terms • functions • uses © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

8. Computer Information Systems • Hardware • Software • Data and information • People • Procedures • Communications © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

9. Information and Knowledge • Information • data organized into useful information • Knowledge • application of reasoned analysis of information © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

10. People • Most important component of computer system • Follow procedures • using documentation, reference guides, and user guides • guides are primarily available as electronic help files and Internet help desks © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

11. Digital and Analog Systems • Digital based on electronic circuitry • 1s and 0s, or on and off • each 1 or 0 is called a bit; or binary digit • Computers use digital data representation © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

12. Analog Systems • Analog • continuously variable values, along a range, such as temperature and pressure values • traditional analog recording devices are humidity recorders, mercury thermometers, and pressure gauges • standard telephone lines transmit analog signals © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

13. Computer Hardware • 5 categories • input • processing and memory • output • storage • communications © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

14. Keyboard Mouse Scanner Microphone Input © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

15. Processing and Memory • Motherboard • CPU • Memory • many types of RAM © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

16. Output Hardware • Hardcopy output • graphics • letters • Softcopy output • monitor • audio • music from MP3 for example © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

17. Secondary Storage Hardware • Permanent or nonvolatile • magnetic disks: disk cartridges, hard drives, floppy disks • optical storage (optical disks) • tape © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

18. Communications Hardware • Facilitate networks • modems • hubs and other components of a network © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

19. Computer Software • System software • communication with hardware • resource management • facilitates communication among application programs © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

20. Computer Software • Applications software • benefits or assists the user © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

21. Types of Computers • Supercomputers • Mainframe computers • Workstations • Microcomputers © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

22. Types of Computers (continued) • Microcontrollers • embedded or dedicated computers: from calculators to automobiles • Server • network • Web © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

23. Information Explosion • Increased processing power • More information more quickly • More paper in the computer era than before it! © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

24. Data Overload? • Information does not produce knowledge • knowledge implies synthesis of that information • therefore, knowledge must be useful: complete, accurate, relevant, and timely (CART) © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

25. Connectivity • Connecting devices for communication • voice, data, multimedia • foundation for information age • E-mail • send and receive messages over a local area network or a large network, including the Internet © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

26. Connectivity (continued) • Databases • for research and job prospects • Telecommuting • Working at home or on the road • Communicating with the office through phone, fax, and/or computer • On-line shopping and E-commerce © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

27. Digital Convergence • Merger of devices, media, and services • computers • communications • consumer electronics • entertainment • mass media © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

28. Technological Convergence • Communications • same information gained in potentially multiple ways • satellite • films • recordings • radio • telephones • television © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000