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Digital Television

Digital Television. It’s Coming February 17, 2009. Do you know where your programs are? . Digital Television. What Is It? A Totally New Television System. Digital Television. What was wrong with the old Analog system?. Digital Television. What was wrong with the old Analog system?

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Digital Television

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  1. Digital Television • It’s Coming February 17, 2009. Do you know where your programs are?

  2. Digital Television What Is It? • A Totally New Television System

  3. Digital Television What was wrong with the old Analog system?

  4. Digital Television What was wrong with the old Analog system? • 1930’s Technology

  5. Digital Television What was wrong with the old Analog system? • 1930’s Technology • Black & White

  6. Digital Television What was wrong with the old Analog system? • 1930’s Technology • Black & White • Monophonic Sound

  7. Digital Television What was wrong with the old Analog system? • 1930’s Technology • Black & White • Monophonic Sound • Maximum Screen Size: 19 inches

  8. Digital Television What was wrong with the old Analog system? • 1930’s Technology • Black & White • Monophonic Sound • Maximum Screen Size: 19 inches • Kluged Retrofits: Still not close to photographic and larger-than-life quality of movies.

  9. Digital Television Why Now? Actually it started in the 1980s

  10. Digital Television Why Now? Actually it started in the 1980s. • Japanese Developed Analogue High Definition TV & Began Marketing it in the US.

  11. Digital Television Why Now? Actually it started in the 1980s. • Japanese Developed Analogue High Definition TV & Began Marketing it in the US. • Congress Feared Further Technology & Patent Drain

  12. Digital Television Why Now? Actually it started in the 1980s. • Congress asked American companies to develop a more/better American System • Offered no government funding but instead enticed with opportunities for patent royalties. • Would conduct “fly-off” of all submitted systems. • 4 teams of companies entered the competition.

  13. Digital Television Why Now? Then Why Did It Take So Long To Develop? • Broadcasters insisted on being included; i.e. the high definition system would have to fit within current licensed stations (6 MHz Bandwidth/Channel). • The Japanese system had required higher bandwidth cable and satellite distribution.

  14. Digital Television Why Now? Then Why Did It Take So Long To Develop? • Broadcasters insisted on being included; i.e. the high definition system would have to fit within current licensed stations (6 MHz Bandwidth/Channel). • The Japanese system had required higher bandwidth cable and satellite distribution. • FCC conducted not one, but three flyoffs over 10 years and found no system satisfactory.

  15. Digital Television Why Now? Then Why Did It Take So Long To Develop? • Broadcasters insisted on being included; i.e. the high definition system would have to fit within current licensed stations (6 MHz Bandwidth/Channel). • The Japanese system had required higher bandwidth cable and satellite distribution. • FCC conducted not one, but three flyoffs over 10 years and found no system satisfactory. • During the third flyoff, one team proposed a digital system which showed promise.

  16. Digital Television Why Now? Then Why Did It Take So Long To Develop? • The four competing teams of companies and research institutions were about to drop out of the development: over 10 years of IR&D with no return in sight.

  17. Digital Television Why Now? Then Why Did It Take So Long To Develop? • The four competing teams of companies and research institutions were about to drop out of the development: over 10 years of IR&D with no return in sight. • The FCC suggested that the four teams agree to share patent royalties and combine efforts to use the best of all proposed systems.

  18. Digital Television Why Now? Then Why Did It Take So Long To Develop? • The four competing teams of companies and research institutions were about to drop out of the development: over 10 years of IR&D with no return in sight. • The FCC suggested that the four teams agree to share patent royalties and combine efforts to use the best of all proposed systems • This Grand Alliance completed development of the current “ATSC” system in the mid 1990s and the FCC adopted it in 1997.

  19. Digital Television What Is Better About Our New “ATSC” Television System?

  20. Digital Television What Is Better About Our New “ATSC” Television System? • Needs Fewer Channels

  21. Digital Television What Is Better About Our New “ATSC” Television System? • Needs Fewer Channels • Versatile Content

  22. Digital Television What Is Better About Our New “ATSC” Television System? • Needs Fewer Channels • Versatile Content • HDTV Options: • Photographic Picture • Wide-Screen Like Movies • Discrete Surround Sound

  23. Digital Television • Picture Quality • Much Higher Resolution: 1 or 2 million pixels versus 230,000 for analogue broadcast or 345,000 for DVD

  24. Digital Television • Picture Quality • Much Higher Resolution: 1 or 2 million pixels versus 230,000 for analogue broadcast or 345,000 for DVD • Wider Color Gamut - More Saturated Colors

  25. Digital Television • Picture Quality • Much Higher Resolution: 1 or 2 million pixels versus 230,000 for analogue broadcast or 345,000 for DVD • Wider Color Gamut - More Saturated Colors • Wider Color Gamut - Many More Hues

  26. Digital Television • Picture Quality • Much Higher Resolution: 1 or 2 million pixels versus 230,000 for analogue broadcast or 345,000 for DVD • Wider Color Gamut - More Saturated Colors • Wider Color Gamut - Many More Hues • Better Color Spatial Resolution - Patterned Versus Pastel Shirts

  27. Digital Television • Wide-Screen Aspect Ratio * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Resolution 4 Hor. X 4 Vert. = 16 Pixels Aspect Ratio 4:4 or 1.0 to 1.0

  28. Digital Television • “Academy” Aspect Ratio * * * * * * * * * * * * Resolution 4 Hor. X 3 Vert. = 12 Pixels Aspect Ratio 4:3 or 1.33:1.0 Analogue TV Has Theoretical 640 Hor. X 480 Vert. = Aspect Ratio 1.33:1.0

  29. Digital Television • Wide Aspect Ratio • Typical Movie Aspect Ratios - 1.33:1.0 (Edison),1.66:1.0, 1.85:1.0, 2.05:1.0, 2.35:1.0 • How can HDTV accommodate all these aspect ratios? Take the geometric mean - 1.78:1.0 • Actual Pixel Counts • 1280 X 720 = ~1 Megapixel; Refreshed 60 Times/Sec. • 1920 X 1080 = ~2 Megapixels; Refreshed 30 Times/Sec.

  30. Digital Television 3. 5.1 Dolby Digital Surround • Left Front, Center Front, Right Front, Left Surround, Right Surround, Subwoofer • Also Carries Regular Stereo For TV Speakers

  31. Digital Television What Happens To My Old TVs When Analogue TV Is Turned Off on Feb 17, 2009? • Will need a converter box • Satellite receiver • Cable Box • Over-The-Air Box • Picture will still be standard definition on old TV, and will be letterboxed to accommodate wide-screen programs (or else 1. the sides of the picture will be cut off or 2. everyone will look really thin!)

  32. Digital Television The Coupon Progam • Nielson estimates 14.3 million US households rely on over-the-air TV. That’s 12% of the nation’s households. • Each household can apply for up to 2 $40. coupons to spend on ATSC digital tuner boxes for analog TVs. • Congress has allotted $1.5 B for the program to be administered via the National Telecommunications and Information Administration. = 33.5 Million Coupons. • Boxes are expected to sell for $50. - $70. 250 major retailers have been approved to sell them. • More than 1 million households have requested and received coupons so far. • http://www.ntia.doc.gov/dtvcoupon/

  33. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Must have: • ATSC Tuner

  34. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Must have: • ATSC Tuner • QAM Tuner

  35. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Must have: • ATSC Tuner • QAM Tuner • Pixel Count At Least 1280 X 720 (“720p”)

  36. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Must have: • ATSC Tuner • QAM Tuner (Basic Cable) • Pixel Count At Least 1280 X 720 (“720p”) • Diagonal Size = ~ 1/2 Viewing Distance

  37. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Nice to have: • HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs)

  38. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Nice to have: • HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs) • Cable Card

  39. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Nice to have: • HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs) • Cable Card • Pixel Count: 1920 X 1080 (“1080I” or “1080P”)

  40. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Nice to have: • HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs) • Cable Card • Pixel Count: 1920 X 1080 (“1080I” or “1080P”) • 120 Hz Refresh or 60/72 Hz Refresh

  41. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Nice to have: • HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs) • Cable Card • Pixel Count: 1920 X 1080 (“1080I” or “1080P”) • 120 Hz Refresh or 60/72 Hz Refresh • 3D Ready

  42. Digital Television What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Nice to have: • HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs) • Cable Card • Pixel Count: 1920 X 1080 (“1080I” or “1080P”) • 120 Hz Refresh or 60/72 Hz Refresh • 3D Ready • More Color Ready • Deep Color (10-14 bits/Primary) • xvYCC Extended Color (LED, Laser Illumination)

  43. Digital Television What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance? • Brightness (Red Herring - only relevant for very bright rooms)

  44. Digital Television What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance? • Brightness (Red Herring - only relevant for very bright rooms) • Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?

  45. Digital Television What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance? • Brightness (Red Herring - only relevant for very bright rooms) • Color Accuracy - Do they look natural? • Shadow Detail

  46. Digital Television What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance? • Brightness (Red Herring - only relevant for very bright rooms) • Color Accuracy - Do they look natural? • Shadow Detail • Instantaneous Contrast

  47. Digital Television What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance? • Brightness (Red Herring - only relevant for very bright rooms) • Color Accuracy - Do they look natural? • Shadow Detail • Instantaneous Contrast • Motion Persistence?

  48. Digital Television What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance? • Brightness (Red Herring - only relevant for very bright rooms) • Color Accuracy - Do they look natural? • Shadow Detail • Instantaneous Contrast • Motion Persistence? • Contouring?

  49. Digital Television What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance? • Brightness (Red Herring - only relevant for very bright rooms) • Color Accuracy - Do they look natural? • Shadow Detail • Instantaneous Contrast • Motion Persistence? • Contouring? • Off Axis Viewing (Depends on seating). • Brightness Diminishes • Colors Change

  50. Digital Television What Type Of HDTV Format Should I Buy? • Rear Projection - Best Value. • New models are no deeper than Flat Panels on their stands. • Front Projection - Best to Suspend Disbelief • Picture Tube – Smaller Size & Heavy, But Extremely Good Picture In Many Ways • Flat Panel – Lifestyle Choice, Lifestyle Cost. Vary Greatly in Picture Quality.

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