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Birds. Part II. B. External parasites. 1. Red mites – appear as tiny red specks . Symptoms: restlessness and scratching and picking at their feathers. Red mite. 2. Feather mite – small, gray -colored moving specks. Symptoms: restlessness, severe
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Birds Part II
1. Red mites – appear as tiny red specks. Symptoms: restlessness and scratching and picking at their feathers.
2. Feather mite – small, gray-colored moving specks. Symptoms: restlessness, severe scratching, feather picking, and skin irritation.
3. Scaly face – tunnel into the soft tissues around the beak and face. Symptoms: severe irritation.
4. Leg mites – tunnel under the scales on the legs. Symptoms: scaly deposits that become thickened, enlarged, and encrusted.
1. Parrot fever – also called chlamydiosis or psittacosis. Symptoms: nasal discharges, closing of the eyes, listlessness, appetite loss, weight loss,
Can try to treat with antibiotics in feed or injections. Have to protect yourself, you can get it>>pneumonia
2. Pullorum disease – caused by the bacteria Salmonella pullorum. Symptoms: not eating, sleepiness, white pasting of feces around the vent.
3. Colibacillosis – caused by the bacteria Escherichia coli. Symptoms: depends on form; air sac produces cheese like inflammations over the heart, liver and air sacs,
navel infections causes a reddening, swelling, mushiness or wetness around the navel, oviduct infections cause a swelling of the oviduct and a foul smelling discharge.
4. Pasterurellosis – also called fowl cholera. Symptoms: joint, sinus, nasal, middle ear or skull infections, fever, depression, anorexia
ruffed feathers, mucous discharges, and difficulty breathing. Can be transferred to humans. Treated with antibiotics.
5. Bumblefoot – associated with staphylococcal infections. Symptoms: feet and joints become hot and swollen with a thick, grayish white fluid,
6. Tuberculosis – caused by Mycobacterium avium. Usually doesn’t show outward signs, just slow weight loss and deterioration of condition.
1. Psittacine Beak and feather disease – also called French molt, viral disease attacks the immune system.
Symptoms: new feathers do not emerge or may be deformed, beak and nails may be soft, overgrown, and lose their pigment
2. Newcastle disease – viral disease, respiratory difficulty, tremors, wing droop, twisted neck.
3. Pacheco Parrot’s disease – herpes virus. Symptoms: may become lethargic, regurgitate, and have diarrhea.
1. Goiter – iodinedeficiency. Symptoms: swelling of the thyroid glands in the neck and interfere with breathing.
2. Rickets – calcium, phosphorus, or Vitamin D3 deficiency. Symptoms: lameness, stiff-legged gait, or a constant resting in the squatting position, and decreased growth.
Good natural sources of Vitamin D:* Cod liver oil (only very tiny amounts needed) Good natural sources of Calcium:* Cuttlebone* Oyster shells* Bone meal* Spinach* Broccoli
3. Candidiasis – Vitamin A deficiency. Early sign: playing with food but not eating.
4. Obesity – too much food, not enough activity or seeds high in fat. Exercise and go to pellets
2. Feather plucking – boredom, diet, needs mate, lack of bathing
1. Sleeping on two legs, normally sleeps on only one leg 2. Feathers are fluffed out, could be chilled
3. A digestive ailment, if feces is runny 4. Not flying around, no activity 5. Eye discharges or continually closed are an indication of a cold.
6. Problem breathing either irregular, wheezing or noisy 7. Not eating, or very little eating
Proper management is important to prevent diseases and ailments.
1. Select a healthy bird 2. Place bird in a dry, warm, draft-free place 3. Subject the bird to little stress lovebirds
4. No other animals should be around 5. Quarantine and observation period of at least 3-4 weeks before introducing to other birds.
6. Sanitation is extremely important – should provide fresh food and water 7. Keep perches and cage clean.
Reduce stress by giving the bird plenty of room • Out of cage playtime & socialization • Allow long horizontal flight = flight cages
