Name That Pesticide

1. Name That Pesticide How to Identify the Products Your Patients Are Exposed To Helen Murphy, RN, FNP, MHS Director of Outreach Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety and Health University of Washington, Seattle WA 2009

2. The nomenclature of pesticides is similar to medications in that they have…. • A brand/trade or product name: e.g. Motrin • A generic name (common name or active ingredient): ibuprofen • A chemical family: e.g. NSAID Likewise one needs to know the chemical family and more specifically the common name to understand the health effect of an exposure and how to treatment a poisoning.

3. What the Patient Will Know ? NOT the common or chemical family name. More likely they can identify: • the BRAND name • the TYPE (insecticide, herbicide, fungicide, fumigant) • the CROP to which the pesticide was being applied.

4. Pesticide Product Label • The label is the agriculture world = the package insert for the medical world • The label is the LAW and dictates: • Use • Required personal protective equipment • The label on the bottle or package provides basic information

5. Sample Package Labels • Type of pesticide • Company name • Brand/trade/product name • Common/generic name (sometimes the same as the active ingredients) • Chemical family • Signal word (hazard level)

6. Type “Insecticide” Brand Name “SUPRACIDE” Hazard Level “Danger/poison” Poison Icon Common Name “methadithion” Chemical Family ‘organophosphate’ Antidote “atropine” Manufacturer Gowan

7. Temik Sevin Thiodan Guthion Dursban Gramoxone Weed Rhap Asana Captan Roundup Dithane Ziram Class ExerciseDistribute Sample Pesticide Product Labels

8. Class Exercise • Find the following items on the label • Company/Manufacturer’s name • Brand/Product/Trade name • Common name (generic – active ingredient) • Type: use in agriculture • Chemical family • Signal word (hazard level) • Fill in the pesticide classification table (hand out)

9. Pesticide Classification Table

10. Exercise: Classifying Pesticides Pesticide Labels * Bayer Temik Aldicarb Insecticide Carbamate Danger-poison la Verdicon Sevin Carbaryl Insecticide Carbamate Caution ll UCP Alliance Thiodan Endosulfan Insecticide Organochlorine Warning ll Bayer Guthion Azinophos methyl Insecticide Organophospate Danger-poison lb Dow Dursban Chlorpyrifos Insecticide Warning ll Organophospate Syngenta Gramoxone Paraquat Herbicide Paraquat Danger-poison ll Helena Weed Rhap 2, 4-D Herbicide Chlorophenoxy Danger-poison ll DuPont Asana Esfenverlate Insecticide Pyrethroid Warning lV Bayer Captan Captan Fungicide Danger-poison II Max Roundup Glyphosate Herbicide Caution U-IV Fungicide Mancozeb Dow U-IV Caution Dithane Cerexagri-Nisso III Ziram Fungicide Ziram Danger * WHO – World Health Organization International Classification

11. Company Name • May be useful in looking up a product • Workers may confuse this name with the brand, product or trade name. • Some companies also produce pharmaceuticals.

12. Brand/Trade/Product Name • Agricultural workers know pesticides primarily through the brand name • Companies will keep brand names but CHANGE the active ingredients (e.g. Raid) • Can use brand name as a search term

13. Common Name • Critical identifier of the chemical • Some databases only allow you to search by common name. • Basis of treatment!

14. Types of Pesticides Disinfectants Fumigants Control pests by attacking their nervous system Antibiotics for plants Kill rodents with anticoagulants Corrosive weed killers

15. Pesticide Chemical Families-grouping based on similarities- • Similar chemically (similar structure) • Attacks pests in a similar way (toxicity) • Common treatment + antidote Pyrethroid insecticides Organophosphate insecticides Carbamate insecticides Organochlorine insecticides Chlorophenoxy Herbicides Paraquat Diquat herbicides

16. How toxic is it? Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

17. Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

18. LD50 Lethal dose = Amount of chemical it takes to kill 50% of an experimental population

19. Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

20. WHO International Standard US Standard * * DANGER/POISON = extremely toxic by ingestion DANGER = extremely toxic high potential for skin and eye irritation Adapted from Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

21. Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

22. A patient comes into your office after spilling the weed killer – Direx - on himself. He is having some vague non specific problems. How will you identify what kind of adverse heath effects he may experience? Sample Case

23. Pesticide Identification Resources • Poison Control (800) 222-1222 (TDD) 1(800) 572-0638 • Google “Direx” • Pesticide Websites: • PAN • CDMS • NPIC http://www.pesticideinfo.org/ http://www.cdms.net/LabelsMsds/LMDefault.aspx http://npic.orst.edu/npicfact.htm

24. Practice: Using these resources for Diurex ™find • The common name • The chemical family • Health effects • Recommended decontamination • Recommended PPE Describe the attributes of each resource used including advantages and disadvantages

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